Journal of Politics in Latin America最新文献_第10页

Federal Distributive Politics and the Unequal Distribution of Violence: Argentine Provinces in Comparative Perspective 联邦分配政治与暴力的不平等分配:比较视角下的阿根廷各省

IF 1.3

Journal of Politics in Latin America Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/1866802X19840465

Lucas González, María Belén Cáceres

引用次数: 0

Participation on the Edge: Prior Consultation and Extractivism in Latin America 边缘参与：拉丁美洲的事先协商与采掘主义

IF 1.3

Journal of Politics in Latin America Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/1866802X1801000302

Gisela Zaremberg, Marcela Torres Wong

{"title":"Participation on the Edge: Prior Consultation and Extractivism in Latin America","authors":"Gisela Zaremberg, Marcela Torres Wong","doi":"10.1177/1866802X1801000302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1866802X1801000302","url":null,"abstract":"Violent conflicts between indigenous groups, multinational companies, and governments over the control of lands potentially containing valuable minerals and hydrocarbons are proliferating in Latin America, as well as elsewhere around the world too. In 1989 the International Labor Organization (ILO) approved ILO Convention 169, which mandates the implementation of prior consultation (PC) with indigenous peoples about any project that could potentially affect their territory. Many interpretations regarding the aims and scopes of PC exist. Some environmental sectors see PC as a mechanism to prevent the implementation of ecologically unsustainable projects in indigenous territories. Part of the indigenous rights sector, however, sees PC as a platform via which to negotiate financial resources for indigenous communities. On the side of governments and multinational companies, PC represents a means to diminish violence and advance projects under more stable political conditions. By examining mining and hydrocarbon projects in Bolivia, Peru, and Mexico, the authors compare cases in which PC takes place and ones where it is not applied. A typology of the outcomes in relation to 1) the prevention of industrialized resource extraction on indigenous lands, 2) redistribution of economic benefits produced by extractive projects, and 3) diminishment of the state repression associated with extractive projects is offered. Findings show that in many cases all three of these results are not simultaneously achieved; the authors explain why some outcomes might be obtained in certain instances and not in others. Finally, the article offers an overall assessment of PC results in light of participation theories.","PeriodicalId":44885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Politics in Latin America","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1866802X1801000302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47600093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

Who Gets what and how Does it Matter? Importance-Weighted Portfolio Allocation and Coalition Support in Brazil 谁得到了什么，这有什么关系?巴西重要性加权投资组合配置与联盟支持

IF 1.3

Journal of Politics in Latin America Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/1866802X1801000304

Mariana Batista

引用次数: 8

Gender and Politics in Buenos Aires 布宜诺斯艾利斯的性别与政治

IF 1.3

Journal of Politics in Latin America Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/1866802X1801000301

Mariela Szwarcberg

引用次数: 2

Limits of US Influence: The Promotion of Regime Change in Latin America 美国影响力的极限:促进拉丁美洲的政权更迭

IF 1.3

Journal of Politics in Latin America Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/1866802X1801000305

Kurt Weyland

{"title":"Limits of US Influence: The Promotion of Regime Change in Latin America","authors":"Kurt Weyland","doi":"10.1177/1866802X1801000305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1866802X1801000305","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars often assume that as a global superpower, the United States has had great influence and impact on political regime developments in the world. This article critically examines these claims, focusing on Latin America; by investigating the region most directly dominated by the US, it employs a most-likely-case design. The experiences of countries such as Brazil, Chile, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela show that US influence has been fairly limited for many years and has diminished over time. The Northern superpower has been less involved and has had less impact on regime developments than often postulated, as the analysis of the coups in Brazil in 1964 and Chile in 1973 demonstrates. Moreover, nations to which the US has maintained close, comprehensive linkages, such as Venezuela, have slid into “competitive authoritarianism” while a country such as Haiti, over which the US holds great leverage, has failed to establish a functioning democracy. Thus, even in its direct sphere of interest, the most powerful nation in the contemporary world seems to be limited in its capacity to promote or prevent political regime change.","PeriodicalId":44885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Politics in Latin America","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1866802X1801000305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48585527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Unpacking Patronage: The Politics of Patronage Appointments in Argentina's and Uruguay's Central Public Administrations 拆解赞助:阿根廷和乌拉圭中央公共行政部门的赞助任命政治

IF 1.3

Journal of Politics in Latin America Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/1866802X1801000303

F. Panizza, Conrado Ricardo Ramos Larraburu, Gerardo Scherlis

{"title":"Unpacking Patronage: The Politics of Patronage Appointments in Argentina's and Uruguay's Central Public Administrations","authors":"F. Panizza, Conrado Ricardo Ramos Larraburu, Gerardo Scherlis","doi":"10.1177/1866802X1801000303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1866802X1801000303","url":null,"abstract":"This study makes the following contributions to the study of the politics of patronage appointments in Latin America: Conceptually it adopts Kopecký, Scherlis, and Spirova's (2008) distinction between clientelistic and nonclientelistic types of patronage politics and widens these authors classification of patrons’ motivations for making appointments, specifically as a lens for the study of patronage practices within Latin America's presidentialist regimes. Analytically, it sets up a new taxonomy of patronage appointments based on the roles that appointees’ play vis-à- vis the executive, the ruling party, and the public administration – one that can be used for the comparative study of the politics of patronage. Empirically, it applies this taxonomy to a pilot study of the politics of patronage in Argentina and Uruguay under two left-of-center administrations. Theoretically, it contributes to theory-building by relating the findings of our research to the differences in party systems and presidential powers within the two countries under study, and to agency factors associated with the respective governments’ own political projects. The article concludes that differences in patronage practices are a manifestation of two variant forms of exercising governmental power: a hyper-presidentialist, populist one in Argentina and a party-centered, social-democratic one in Uruguay.","PeriodicalId":44885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Politics in Latin America","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1866802X1801000303","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45451695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Aiming Right at You: Group versus Individual Clientelistic Targeting in Brazil 瞄准你：巴西的团体与个人客户主义瞄准

IF 1.3

Journal of Politics in Latin America Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/1866802X1801000202

H. Bahamonde

{"title":"Aiming Right at You: Group versus Individual Clientelistic Targeting in Brazil","authors":"H. Bahamonde","doi":"10.1177/1866802X1801000202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1866802X1801000202","url":null,"abstract":"Do parties target individuals or groups? Although this question is fundamental to understanding clientelism, the literature does not offer an answer. This paper argues that, depending on certain conditions, brokers target individuals when they are identifiable, and groups when brokers need to rely on the spillover effects of clientelism. Both identifiability and spillovers depend on individual poverty, group poverty, and political competition. Though the theory I outline focuses on targeting, I also argue that structural factors, such as the density of the poor, should be considered in the vote-buying literature. Structural factors are one of the few observables upon which brokers can base their decision regarding investing in clientelism. Using survey and census data from Brazil, the paper exploits variations in personal incomes within contexts of differing levels of municipal poverty. I find that political parties engage in segmented or ad-hoc strategies, targeting individuals when identifiability is high, and groups when there are economies of scale. Importantly, non-poor individuals can also be offered clientelism.","PeriodicalId":44885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Politics in Latin America","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1866802X1801000202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42518801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Public Perceptions of Clean Elections in Mexico: An Analysis of the 2000, 2006, and 2012 Elections 公众对墨西哥廉洁选举的看法：对2000年、2006年和2012年选举的分析

IF 1.3

Journal of Politics in Latin America Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/1866802X1801000203

Antonio Ugues

引用次数: 7

“New Extractivism” in Mexico: Hope and Deception 墨西哥的“新榨取主义”:希望与欺骗

IF 1.3

Journal of Politics in Latin America Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/1866802X1801000205

D. Holland

引用次数: 2

Opposition Support and the Experience of Violence Explain Colombian Peace Referendum Results 反对派支持与暴力经验解释哥伦比亚和平公投结果

IF 1.3

Journal of Politics in Latin America Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/1866802X1801000204

Eleonora Dávalos, L. Morales, J. Holmes, L. Dávalos

{"title":"Opposition Support and the Experience of Violence Explain Colombian Peace Referendum Results","authors":"Eleonora Dávalos, L. Morales, J. Holmes, L. Dávalos","doi":"10.1177/1866802X1801000204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1866802X1801000204","url":null,"abstract":"What factors led to the surprise defeat of the Colombian peace referendum? Initial analyses suggested a link between support for peace and the experience of violence, but economic conditions and political support for incumbent parties also affect electoral outcomes. We use Bayesian hierarchical models to test links between referendum result and previous violence victimization, economic conditions, and support for Centro Democrático (the main party opposed to the peace agreement). There was less support for peace in the Andean region than in other regions, and departments with lower support had higher unemployment and growth in GDP. Support for the opposition was the dominant covariate of decreasing support for the peace accords, while previous violence victimization increased the proportion of votes for peace. In light of these results, regional variation in baseline support for the agreements – a complex variable governed by partisan engagement but also influenced by structural economic factors – will be critical during implementation of the newly revised accords.","PeriodicalId":44885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Politics in Latin America","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1866802X1801000204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45083138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8