{"title":"Rural Development Research and Policy: Perspectives from Federal and State Experiences with an Application to Broadband","authors":"Sarah A. Low","doi":"10.52324/001C.17092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001C.17092","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout time and space, rural economies have changed, but they have seemingly remained disadvantaged. In this article, I discuss rural development research and policy from federal and state perspectives and provide lessons learned from my rural broadband work in both contexts. I promulgate better integration of federal and state government, academia, and the private sector to solve rural economic development challenges. Fostering relationships among federal and state rural development researchers and outreach practitioners would allow researchers to better anticipate future research needs as contacts in the field, or inside the beltway, could share an early look into where they need on-the-ground problem-solving support. I close with suggestions for fostering these relationships and I encourage my SRSA colleagues to embrace the wonderful interdisciplinary nature of regional science in addressing rural development and policy challenges.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"311-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47796195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Menard, Jada M. Thompson, B. English, D. Hughes, A. Griffith, Aaron S. Smith, K. Jensen
{"title":"Economic Impacts from an On-Farm Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Event in Tennessee","authors":"J. Menard, Jada M. Thompson, B. English, D. Hughes, A. Griffith, Aaron S. Smith, K. Jensen","doi":"10.52324/001C.14168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001C.14168","url":null,"abstract":"In March of 2017, two outbreaks of avian influenza, one highly- and one low-pathogenic, were reported in Tennessee poultry breeding flocks. This study estimates the potential economic impacts of a larger hypothetical event, in particular, indicating the magnitude of effects for poultry producers, industry organizations, policymakers, and other industry stakeholders. The economic impacts are estimated both with and without reductions in forward-linked processing of broiler breeders and broiler operations with depopulation rates of 10 to 25 percent in a nine-county area in the south-central part of Tennessee. Estimated reductions in gross regional product ranged from $6.7 million to $16.8 million.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85438146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Poverty, the U.S. South, and the SRSA","authors":"M. Lahr","doi":"10.52324/001C.14142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001C.14142","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a broad expansion of an SRSA Research Fellows Address presented in Roslyn, Virginia on April 16th, 2019. In it, I extol the virtues of poverty research, particularly that focused on the U.S. where households living on less than $4/day/person compose the largest shares of county populations. I note that two factors that are the hallmark of such extreme poverty - lack of a vehicle and lack of internet service - are forcing poor household to perceive themselves as ever more isolated, for greater accessibility for the rest of the U.S. population amplifies the gap created by their deficiency. This is because others expect everyone has such access. Southern areas with persistent poverty - the Black Belt, the Mississippi Delta, and Appalachia - have concentrations of such extreme poor and also have deficient access to the rest of the world. I suggest that Americans should find away to ameliorate this condition. I conclude by encouraging my SRSA colleagues to do what they do best, but with a poverty tilt, as a means of petitioning policy makers and the public.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74315925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Externality of Vacant Houses: The Case of Toshima Municipality, Tokyo, Japan","authors":"Taisuke Sadayuki, Y. Kanayama, Toshi H. Arimura","doi":"10.52324/001C.13522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001C.13522","url":null,"abstract":"The Japanese housing market has experienced a rapid increase in the number of vacant housing units due to regulatory obstacles and a decreasing population. Abandoned vacant houses can cause negative externalities in the surrounding neighborhood, due to illegal dumping of garbage, increased risks of arson, and building collapse. Few empirical studies exist that focus on the negative externalities of vacant houses, because of data limitations. This paper investigates these negative externalities by using a complete field survey conducted in the Toshima municipality, one of 23 wards in the Tokyo prefecture. We find that a vacant (single-family) house devalues nearby rental prices by 1-2 percent, on average. Vacant houses with property defects cause greater spillover effects. Addressing dilapidated vacant housing with overgrown vegetation and combustible materials would likely produce annual tax gains greater than one million yen (approximately nine thousand U.S. dollars) per vacant housing unit. Given the substantial number of existing vacant houses, local governments should identify the types of vacant houses causing the most severe negative externalities based on empirical assessment and implement efficient countermeasures to address the issue.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89952119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regional Level Social Capital and Business Survival Rates","authors":"Tessa Conroy, S. Deller","doi":"10.52324/001C.13161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001C.13161","url":null,"abstract":"Using two alternative metrics of social capital, we explore how community structure influences the five-year survival rates of businesses started in 2000. Employing a family of spatial estimators to derive a set of global estimates and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), we find strong evidence that community-level social capital has a positive influence on business survival rates. Results suggest that while social capital is important in understanding business survival rates, relationships vary significantly across space. From, a policy perspective, it would be a mistake to treat social capital as a uniform asset where one approach fits all communities.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82177929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How does Big-box Retail Entry Affect Incumbents in the Hospitality Industry: Evidence from a Natural Experiment","authors":"Oana Mihaescu, N. Rudholm","doi":"10.52324/001C.12933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001C.12933","url":null,"abstract":"This paper empirically measures the effects of big-box retail entry on the productivity of incumbent firms within the hospitality sector in the entry regions and investigates whether the effects differ depending on the size of the local market before entry. We use the entry of IKEA in four Swedish municipalities as a natural experiment to study how it affects productivity in incumbent firms within the hospitality sector. Our results show that entry by IKEA has a negative impact on the productivity of incumbents in Haparanda, Kalmar, and Karlstad, but no statistically significant effects in the metropolitan region of Gothenburg. As the majority of firms in the hospitality sector are restaurants, we expect that our results are due to increased competition within this part of the hospitality sector since all new IKEA stores come with a large, popular, and reasonably-priced restaurant.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"207-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42412517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Harmful Algal Blooms and Tourism: The Economic Impact to Counties in Southwest Florida","authors":"Andrew Béchard","doi":"10.52324/001C.12705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001C.12705","url":null,"abstract":"The most recent red tide bloom in the summer of 2018 served as a wake up call to many in the Gulf region of Florida. The algal bloom decimated the coast, killing off scores of fish and marine life. As beaches were forced to close, tourists and residents alike were no longer producing usual economic activity on the shorelines. This, however, has happened before. We consider four major blooms from the past twenty years, two in 2005, one in 2006, and the aforementioned bloom in 2018. All lasted for over three months and had significant impacts on the economy. We examine the effects of two industries, the lodging and restaurant sectors, to determine the magnitude of losses in taxable sales caused by red tide. Using a difference-in-differences model, we compare taxable sales in counties affected by red tide to those that were unaffected. We find that affected counties produce 5-7 percent and 1.5-2.5 percent less in the lodging and restaurant sectors, respectively. If red tide blooms become more frequent and persistent, losses for coastal businesses could also continue to grow. Policy and strategy to mitigate economics losses must take into consideration the harmful effects of these algal blooms.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89852258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"State Exit Exams and Graduation Rates: A Hierarchical SLX Modelling Approach","authors":"Joshua C. Hall, D. Lacombe, S. B. Pokharel","doi":"10.52324/001C.12636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001C.12636","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on high school exit exams has found both positive and negative effects of these high stake exams on high school graduation rates. To this point, the literature has not taken into account the embedded nature of school districts within state education systems. We employ a Bayesian Hierarchical SLX model to account for the hierarchical nature of education data in the United States. Our approach also allows us to account for spatial spillovers that influence graduation rates across districts and states. Using school district and state-level data for 45 states and 8194 school districts in the U.S. in 2015, we generally find no statistically significant effect of state exit exams on high school graduation rates. Random effect coefficients, however, point towards high school exit exams being negatively associated with graduation rates in a handful of states.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77452551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Expenditure Effects from the 2010 Washington Soda Tax","authors":"A. Hoffer, K. Sheehan","doi":"10.52324/001C.12608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001C.12608","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the 2010 Washington excise soda tax and its effects on household soda expenditures. Findings show that soda expenditures fell by approximately $2.26 per week following the tax. When matched with households in Oregon using a propensity score matching model to create a control group, the decrease in Washington household spending on soda exceeded that of Oregon households in all model specifications. Matched against households located anywhere in the U.S., Washington households' expenditures fell by between $1.24 and $1.92 more per week than control group households following the soda tax. After the tax's repeal, Washington soda expenditures remained below their previous pre-tax level. The evidence suggests the tax acted similar to a public health warning against soda and snack foods, as snack food expenditures also declined despite no added tax.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"127-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44418292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Georgeanne M. Artz, Liesl Eathington, Jasmine Francois, Melvin Masinde, P. Orazem
{"title":"Churning in Rural and Urban Retail Markets","authors":"Georgeanne M. Artz, Liesl Eathington, Jasmine Francois, Melvin Masinde, P. Orazem","doi":"10.52324/001C.12560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001C.12560","url":null,"abstract":"Using data on the universe of taxable retail sales, retail firm start-ups, and retail firm exits in Iowa from 1992 through 2011, we test whether patterns of retail firm entry and exit are consistent with churning. Consistent with churning, the same factors that increase retail sales in a local market also increase new retail firm entry and either increase or do not affect retail firm exit. Evidence suggests that there is more churning in urban than in rural markets. Similar evidence is found using a sample of national firm entry and exit into local markets. If churning increases productivity growth, then the greater churning rate in urban markets is another source of agglomeration advantages in thick markets.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89435796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}