International Journal of Precision Agricultural Aviation最新文献

{"title":"Application analysis of hydraulic nozzle and rotary atomization sprayer on plant protection UAV","authors":"Jiaqin Gong, Wenqing Fan, Jin Peng","doi":"10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Plant Protection Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) is the most representative technological product in the construction of precision agriculture in recent years.  From direct seeding to areal plant protection, UAV is playing an irreplaceable role.  InJapanandChina, UAV plant protection has been adopted by more than 4 million farmers in the past    5 years.  The sprayer, as an executive component of the plant protection UAV has also made great progress in the past few years.  At present, the sprayers being widely used on UAV platforms are Hydraulic Nozzles and Rotary Atomization Sprayers.  This article will detail the two popular sprayers and compare them in field applications.  The results showed that the rotary atomization sprayer is more suitable for low-volume and variable-rate spraying, both are not possible by hydraulic nozzles.  Since variable spraying is an important functionality for precision agriculture, rotary atomization sprayer will be the direction for future UAV and robot sprayer design. Keywords: Plant protection UAV, precision agriculture, rotary atomization sprayer, hydraulic nozzle, variable spraying DOI:  10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0021 Citation: Gong J Q, Fan W Q, Peng J.  Application analysis of hydraulic nozzle and rotary atomization sprayer on plant protection UAV.  Int J Precis Agric Aviat, 2019; 2(1): 25–29.","PeriodicalId":448599,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Precision Agricultural Aviation","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128111769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research status and trends of downwash airflow of spray UAVs in agriculture","authors":"Shenghui Yang, Yongjun Zheng, Xingxing Liu","doi":"10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0023","url":null,"abstract":"Downwash airflow of spray UAVs in agriculture has been gradually focused on and a few studies have already been involved in it.  Thus, this paper firstly reviewed the current research of downwash airflow of UAVs for agricultural spray.  It is found that Chinese scholars have published the majority of the studies in this area.  Furthermore, two aspects of this kind of research, one, the work related to the caused results of UAV downwash acting on spray, the other, that regarding downwash itself for investigation, were analysed.  It is illustrated that the present research usually uses water-sensitive paper, electronic devices, like wind-speed arrays and PIV, and CFD simulation.  However, the existed electronic devices have some limitations, such as lacking of the ability of showing and demonstration of downwash in big enough areas in detail during recording. Moreover, the studies directly related to downwash have been just launched around the world and the examination for multi-rotor UAVs is even seriously not enough.  Therefore, in terms of research trends, it is significant to develop specialised sensors for downwash measurement.  The general and reliable CFD models of a class of UAVs are also needed.  In addition, the combination of UAV downwash with real applications and actual production is important for the clarification of the details in different situations. Keywords: spray UAV, downwash, representation results, investigation methods DOI:  10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0023 Citation : Yang S H, Zheng Y J, Liu X X.  Research status and trends of downwash airflow of spray UAVs in agriculture.  Int J Precis Agric Aviat, 2019; 2(1): 1–8.","PeriodicalId":448599,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Precision Agricultural Aviation","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128263892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomization characteristics of multi-type aerial nozzles in wind tunnel and low airflow velocity condition in manned agricultural helicopter","authors":"Weixiang Yao, Y. Lan, W. C. Hoffmann, Shuang Guo, Shengde Chen, Sheng Wen, W. Zeng, Zhi-heng Li, Xiaowen Liang","doi":"10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0031","url":null,"abstract":"In order to explore the atomization characteristics of the LICHENG series nozzle for manned agricultural helicopter under medium and low airflow velocity conditions, droplet size tests on five sizes of nozzles 11002, 11003, 11004, 11006 and 11010 were carried out by laser diffraction device (LDD), based on the high-low speed composite wind tunnel for agricultural aviation designed by the National Center for International Collaboration Research on Precision Agricultural Aviation Pesticides Spraying Technology (NPAAC) of South China Agricultural University (SCAU).  The results showed that under the three spray pressures of 30, 40 and 50 psi, the droplet sizes of the five types of nozzles expressed similar trends with the increase of airflow velocity.  Among them, the droplet size variation of nozzles 11006 and 11010 with larger orifice size was the most significant, the largest range of D V0.1 was nozzle 11010, and the largest range of D V0.5 and D V0.9 was nozzle 11006.  In addition, the changes of spray pressure would directly affect the quality of spray, especially the nozzles 11002, 11003 and 11004 with small orifice sizes were significantly affected.  Under the condition of medium and low airflow velocity of 0-27.8 m/s, 89% of spread value (SV) by the five nozzles were in the range of less than 15%, but there were some test nozzles with poor spray stability during the test, which made the measurements of droplet size value larger, resulting in a maximum test deviation of up to 210.9 μm.  The result also exposed the limitations exist in wind tunnel droplet size testing by using LDD, and an increase in airflow velocity resulted in a larger measurement droplet size.  This phenomenon was particularly significant in the D V0.5 test results of various types of nozzles.  This study can provide experimental data guidance for the optimization design and parameter selection of aerial nozzle for manned agricultural helicopter. Keywords: manned helicopter, aerial nozzle, wind tunnel, droplet size, agricultural application, spray classification DOI:  10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0031 Citation: Yao W X, Lan Y B,  Hoffmann W C, Guo S, Chen S D, Wen S, et al.  Atomization characteristics of multi-type aerial nozzles in wind tunnel and low airflow velocity condition in manned agricultural helicopter.  Int J Precis Agric Aviat, 2019; 2(1): 9–17.","PeriodicalId":448599,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Precision Agricultural Aviation","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123037892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of application parameters for cotton defoliants in the Yellow River Basin","authors":"Han Xin, Yu Jinyou, Lan Yubin, Kong Fanxia, Yi Lili","doi":"10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0016","url":null,"abstract":"The differences in the growing conditions and the cotton varieties used in the cotton-growing areas in Xinjiang and theYellowRiver Basin result in different operating parameters required for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based plant spraying operations in the two regions.  In this experiment, a multi-rotor plant protection drone was used for the application of cotton defoliant in theYellowRiver Basin to determine the optimum dosages of the defoliant ethepon.  The experiment consisted of six treatments;40 g of thidiazuron, 1 mL of an additive, and different amounts of ethephon (50, 70, 90, 110, and 130 mL) were applied.  The defoliation rate was measured on the 5, 10, 15, and 20 days after the chemical application and the correlation between the ethepon concentration and the defoliation rate as well as the cotton boll opening rate was determined.  The results showed that the application of 90 mL ethephon resulted in the optimal defoliation effect and ripening of the cotton on 5 and 15 days respectively after the chemical application.  It was found that the ethephon application had a larger effect on the cotton defoliation than the ripening rate.  The results of this study provide reference data for the use of a plant protection drone for applying cotton defoliants in theYellowRiver Basin. Keywords: drone, UAV, cotton defoliant, ethephon, defoliation rate,Shandong DOI:  10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0016 Citation: Han X, Yu J Y, Lan Y B, Kong F X, Yi L L.  Determination of application parameters for cotton defoliants in theYellowRiver Basin.  Int J Precis Agric Aviat, 2019; 2(1): 51–55.","PeriodicalId":448599,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Precision Agricultural Aviation","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134264987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harvest-aid application strategy in different cotton planting densities by unmanned aerial vehicle","authors":"Yanhua Meng, Yuxing Han, Zijing Liang, Jinya Su, Y. Lan","doi":"10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Harvest aids are widely used for defoliating leaves and accelerating the opening of green bolls to facilitate machine harvesting in cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) production areas.  Cotton harvest aids applied by ground-based mechanical sprayers are inefficient due to mechanical damage to cotton crops and soil and low flexibility.  For the last few years, small plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been used for applying pesticides across the world due to their high efficiency, high pesticide utilization, low volume and no harmful damage to crops and soil.  This study mainly focuses on developing the technology of harvest aid application by UAVs with respect to the dosage and application frequency.  Compared with previous studies, this work performs miscellaneous field trials for two years in three experimental sites located in high-density planting areas and two sites in sparse-density planting areas, wherein both cotton cultivation modes and weather conditions are different.  In the study, single-round, dual-round and reduced dosage applications are tested, where the defoliation rate, boll opening rate, fiber quality and lint cotton yield are assessed based on the collected data.  It is concluded from the experimental results that the achieved defoliation rate and boll opening rate of treatments with a single-round application using the recommended dosage fail to meet the harvest requirements in the case of high planting density (180,000-195,000 plants/hm 2 ).  However, with the dual-round application of the exact recommended dosage or 20% lower than the recommended dosage, the achieved defoliation rate, and boll opening rate meet the machine harvest requirements.  In sparse-density planting areas (≤90,000 plants/ha), the results of treatment with the recommended dosage and single-round application by UAV spraying meet the requirements.  In all the experimental sites, the harvest-aid dosage and application frequency do not affect fiber quality and lint cotton yield.  In summary, considering the cost and environmental protection, harvest aid application by UAVs with a dual-round application at 80% of the recommended dosage at a 7-day interval is encouraged in high-density planting areas, while in sparse-density planting areas, single-round application of harvest aids at the recommended dosage by UAVs is encouraged.  The results provide paramount guidance for cotton farmers and scholars in this field.  Possible future studies are also discussed in this paper. Keywords: cotton, unmanned aerial vehicle, harvest aid application strategy, dosage, application frequency DOI:  10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0027 Citation: Meng Y H, Han Y X, Liang Z J, Su J Y, Lan Y B.  Harvest-aid application strategy in different cotton planting densities by unmanned aerial vehicle: Effects of dosage and application frequency on defoliation efficacy, boll opening rate, fiber quality, and lint cotton yield.  Int J Precis Agric Aviat, 2019; 2(1): 30–40.","PeriodicalId":448599,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Precision Agricultural Aviation","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122339213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of application parameters on spray characteristics of multi-rotor UAV","authors":"Hang Zhu, Jiang Yu, Hongze Li, Junxing Li, Huihui Zhang","doi":"10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0025","url":null,"abstract":"As the new favorite of agricultural plant protection operations, the spray characteristics of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are the key standards to measure their quality, and the quality of spray of plant protection UAV is largely determined by the droplet drift behavior.  Thus, recently, the droplet drift in the operation of plant protection UAV has been extensively studied and discussed.  This paper proposes a method for studying the effects of three variables on the deposition characteristics and droplet size using a spray performance comprehensive experimental platform (developed by Jilin Agricultural Machinery Research Institute).  The 12 groups of spray experiments were carried out with different combinations, rotor speed, spray height and nozzle speed and regression analysis was carried out on the obtained 12 sets of sedimentary characteristics and droplet size data to explore its effects on the deposition characteristics and droplet size.  The results show that the spray height has a significant effect on the sedimentation amount, but the influence on the droplet size is negligible.  The nozzle rotation speed and rotor rotation speed have a notable effect on the droplet size, but the effect on the sedimentation volume is not significant.  This paper can provide theoretical basis and data support for the study of pesticide application techniques to reduce the phenomenon of droplet drift. Keywords: droplet drift, multi-rotor UAV, experimental platform of droplet collection, laser particle size analyzer, centrifugal nozzle DOI:  10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0025 Citation: Zhu H, Jiang Y, Li H Z, Li J X, Zhang H H.  Effects of application parameters on spray characteristics of multi-rotor UAV.  Int J Precis Agric Aviat, 2019; 2(1): 18–25.","PeriodicalId":448599,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Precision Agricultural Aviation","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133889415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influencing factors research and performance experiment on droplets deposition at low wind speed","authors":"S. Ding, X. Xue, Weicai Qin, Wei Gu, Chen Cai, L. Cui","doi":"10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0017","url":null,"abstract":"In view of the droplet drift during aerial spraying, a droplet deposition distribution measurement system was designed to determine the droplet size under different spray pressures using LURMARK-04F80 nozzle.  Wind tunnel was used to simulate the natural wind by generating fixed-speed wind.  According to the international standard (ISO/FDIS 22856:2008), nozzle was installed at0.6m above the wind tunnel bottom.  Deposition drift was assessed by adding fluorescent tracer to the spray mixture and measuring the quantities of droplet deposition on the PE Twines which were installed perpendicular to the wind direction in a vertical and a horizontal array.  At2m distant from the static nozzle at downwind direction and0.1m above the wind tunnel bottom, five PE Twines are positioned vertically one above the other at interval of0.1m and seven PE Twines are positioned horizontally one above the other at interval of1m.  By analyzing the drift index at different positions, the influences of spray angle, nozzle angle, side wind and spray pressure on the droplet drift were studied.  Experimental results show that drift index on the line decreases as vertical and/or horizontal distance increase.  Spray pressure and wind speed have great influence on the drift parameter.  Droplets drift still exists at7m distant from the nozzle when spray pressure attains 0.4 MPa.  Wind speed attains3m/s and spray angle is 0° or wind speed attains5m/s.  Spray pressure attains 0.3 MPa and spray angle is 0°.  The drift index in the vertical and the horizontal direction when the spray angle is 0° is higher than that of the other spray angles.  When spray distance attains4m and nozzle angle attains 0°, the drift index is higher than that of the other nozzle angles.  To reduce the droplet drift when the wind speed attains5m/s, spray operation creating droplet size should be adopted and the spray angle should be adjusted.  This study provides optimized operation parameter for aerial nozzle and plays a vital role in reducing droplet drift. Keywords: wind tunnel, spray atomization, droplet deposition, drift index, nozzle, spray angle, nozzle angle DOI:  10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0017 Citation: Ding S M, Xue X Y, Qin W C, Gu W, Cai C, Cui L F.  Influencing factors research and performance experiment on droplets deposition at low wind speed.  Int J Precis Agric Aviat, 2019; 2(1): 46–51.","PeriodicalId":448599,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Precision Agricultural Aviation","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123288663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential of UAV imagery for variable rate spraying in cotton defoliation application","authors":"Yi Lili, Lan Yubin, Kong Hui, Kong Fanxia, Huasheng Huang, Han Xin","doi":"10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Defoliants spraying is necessary to facilitate mechanized cotton harvesting.  However, traditional uniform spraying usually decreases the defoliation effects and increases the costs.  In order to address this problem, a variable rate spraying strategy was designed in the context of cotton defoliation.  UAV multispectral imagery was collected in a cotton filed ofYellowRiver BasininChina, and the imagery was mosaicked into an ortho-photo.  The indexes of NDVI and GNDVI were calculated, and the index maps were generated and later transformed into grid maps.  A plant protection UAV was used for variable rate spraying, with the chemical dose proposed by the grid maps.  Ground investigation before and after the spraying were conducted carefully to verify the defoliation effects.  Investigation results showed that the proposed variable rate spraying strategy yielded satisfactory results with less defoliants, which demonstrated that this technology has potential in the cotton defoliation applications. Keywords: multispectral remote sensing, cotton, defoliation, UAV DOI:  10.33440/j.ijpaa.20190201.0018 Citation: Yi L L, Lan Y B, Kong H, Kong F X, Huang H S, Han X.  Exploring the potential of UAV imagery for variable rate spraying in cotton defoliation application.  Int J Precis Agric Aviat, 2019; 2(1): 42–45.","PeriodicalId":448599,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Precision Agricultural Aviation","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122009796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Lateral Wind and Droplet Size on the Droplet Drift Characteristics of Fan-shaped Nozzles for Aerial Spraying","authors":"Shengde Chen, Junyu Liu, Kun Chang, Jianzhou Guo, Hu Shiyun, Xiaojie Xu, Yubin Lan","doi":"10.33440/j.ijpaa.20230601.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33440/j.ijpaa.20230601.210","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the effects of lateral wind speed and droplet size on the deposition of droplets sprayed by aviation-specific fan-shaped nozzles in aerial spraying operations, this paper takes the Teejet series 01, 03 and 05 aperture fan-shaped pressure nozzles as the research objects, and studies the drift distribution of droplets when the lateral wind speed is 2, 4, 6 m/s and the droplet volume median diameter (D V50 ) is 100, 150, 200 ?m respectively, and builds a nozzle drift model based on the experimental results. The results show that the lateral wind speed and droplet size have significant effects on the horizontal and vertical drift distribution of the nozzle droplets, and the droplet drift rate increases with the increase of lateral wind speed and the decrease of droplet size. In addition, the droplet drift distance also increases significantly with the increase of lateral wind speed, and when the wind speed increases from 2 m/s to 6 m/s, the 90% drift distance of droplets increases from about 9 m to about 12 m; and when the lateral wind speed is 4 m/s, the droplet drift is more serious, exceeding 40%; and with the increase of wind speed, the droplet drift will also increase. Therefore, it is suggested that plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) should choose to operate under the condition of wind speed less than 4 m/s as far as possible in field operations, and increase the droplet size appropriately when necessary to reduce the degree of droplet drift. The research results provide theoretical and data support for optimizing the drift distribution characteristics of aviation fan-shaped nozzles, and have certain guiding significance for practical spraying operations. Keywords: fan-shaped nozzle; droplet; wind speed; droplet size; drift DOI: 10.33440/j.ijpaa.20230601.210 Citation: Chen S D, Liu J Y, Chang K, Guo J Z, Hu S Y, Xu X J, and Lan Y B. The effects of lateral wind and droplet size on the droplet drift characteristics of fan-shaped nozzles for aerial spraying. Int J Precis Agric Aviat, 2023; 6(1): 16–22.","PeriodicalId":448599,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Precision Agricultural Aviation","volume":"1 1","pages":"16-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147913842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation of wind device for manned agricultural aircraft","authors":"Meng-ran Sun, Liqun Lu, Y. Lan, Jing Zhao, Gang Fang","doi":"10.33440/j.ijpaa.20210402.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33440/j.ijpaa.20210402.175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":448599,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Precision Agricultural Aviation","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128053588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}