Luke M. Mooney, S. L. Ku, Madeleine Abromowitz, Jacob A. Mooney, Xu Sun, Qifang Bao
{"title":"Measuring muscle stiffness by linear mechanical perturbation","authors":"Luke M. Mooney, S. L. Ku, Madeleine Abromowitz, Jacob A. Mooney, Xu Sun, Qifang Bao","doi":"10.1109/BSN.2015.7299407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BSN.2015.7299407","url":null,"abstract":"Transverse muscle stiffness provides valuable information regarding the health and activation level of muscle. Current muscle stiffness sensors are either tethered to a benchtop module or designed as hand-held instruments capable of static measurements. We propose a novel wearable sensor, the sarcometer, to continuously measure dynamic transverse muscle stiffness. The sarcometer utilizes a small linear Lorentz force actuator with position sensing to perturb the muscle body. Initial experimentation was performed on the lateral gastrocnemius of one subject during different periods of muscle activation. Experimental force and displacement measurements were used to estimate the dynamic model of the muscle during each condition. The model stiffness was shown to significantly (p <; 0.001) increase from 347 N/m during normal standing to 1606 N/m during standing on the toes of one foot. We hope to further miniaturize the sarcometer into a self-contained system for continuous monitoring of tissue stiffness.","PeriodicalId":447934,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121218665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. O'Reilly, D. Whelan, Charalampos Chanialidis, N. Friel, E. Delahunt, T. Ward, B. Caulfield
{"title":"Evaluating squat performance with a single inertial measurement unit","authors":"M. O'Reilly, D. Whelan, Charalampos Chanialidis, N. Friel, E. Delahunt, T. Ward, B. Caulfield","doi":"10.1109/BSN.2015.7299380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BSN.2015.7299380","url":null,"abstract":"Inertial measurement units (IMUs) may be used during exercise performance to assess form and technique. To maximise practicality and minimise cost a single-sensor system is most desirable. This study sought to investigate whether a single lumbar-worn IMU is capable of identifying seven commonly observed squatting deviations. Twenty-two volunteers (18 males, 4 females, age: 26.09±3.98 years, height: 1.75±0.14m, body mass: 75.2±14.2 kg) performed the squat exercise correctly and with 7 induced deviations. IMU signal features were extracted for each condition. Statistical analysis and leave one subject out classifier evaluation were used to assess the ability of a single sensor to evaluate performance. Binary level classification was able to distinguish between correct and incorrect squatting performance with a sensitivity of 64.41%, specificity of 88.01% and accuracy of 80.45%. Multi-label classification was able to distinguish between specific squat deviations with a sensitivity of 59.65%, specificity of 94.84% and accuracy of 56.55%. These results indicate that a single IMU can successfully discriminate between squatting deviations. A larger data set must be collected and more complex classification techniques developed in order to create a more robust exercise analysis IMU-based system.","PeriodicalId":447934,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128159985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FLogFS: A lightweight flash log file system","authors":"Benjamin Nahill, Z. Zilic","doi":"10.1109/BSN.2015.7299353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BSN.2015.7299353","url":null,"abstract":"Non-volatile storage is an important element for many low-power wearable sensor platforms for data aggregation, audit logs, and to enable offline analytics and debugging. NAND flash is an increasingly appealing choice due to its low cost, low power consumption, and small footprint; but it requires high software complexity and overhead to use effectively in such resource-constrained environments. Many wearable processing systems have limited program memory and RAM, on the order of kilobytes, however current NAND flash file systems require 10s of kilobytes of code and RAM to provide rudimentary logging facilities to SD cards or flash memories. By constraining access patterns to practical cases for logging and optimizing operations around the timing needs of real-time systems, we can do better. This paper presents the design and evaluation of a NAND flash logging file system, available freely under a permissive license, in only a few kilobytes of ROM and a few hundred bytes of RAM.","PeriodicalId":447934,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127327927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classification of spasticity affected EMG-signals","authors":"Markus J. Lüken, B. Misgeld, S. Leonhardt","doi":"10.1109/BSN.2015.7299365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BSN.2015.7299365","url":null,"abstract":"Electromyography (EMG) is used as medical tool to display muscle activity and gain information about the health status of the patients muscle function, which may be affected by many kind of diseases. Spasticity is caused by injuries of the central nervous system, which may occur in consequence of stroke or as concomitant of multiple sclerosis. If the muscle function is influenced by spasticity, there are different types of therapy to regain muscle control. For robotic supported rehabilitation, such as provided by diverse exoskeleton applications, it is important to identify spastic muscle activity patterns, in order to protect patients against mechanical injury. Therefore the EMG data of a hemiplegic patient was analysed, in order to find characteristic features of affected muscle activity and combine them to a characteristic feature vector. To classify the different states of muscle activity a Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used, trained with the feature vector space, which was created from the given EMG data. After that, the developed SVM was applied to data sets of patients also affected by spasticity in order to compare the obtained results to those estimated by a previously used algorithm for spasticity detection. Subsequently, the recognition capability of the implemented SVM was validated by a newly developed EMG sensor node for the IPANEMA Body Sensor Network (BSN).","PeriodicalId":447934,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123420966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low-complexity energy proportional posture/gesture recognition based on WBSN","authors":"A. Aulery, J. Diguet, C. Roland, O. Sentieys","doi":"10.1109/BSN.2015.7299414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BSN.2015.7299414","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the issue of low-power posture and gesture recognition in indoor or outdoor environments without any additional equipment. For applications based on predefined postures such as environment control and physical rehabilitation, we show that low cost and fully distributed solutions, that minimize radio communications, can be efficiently implemented. Considering that radio links provide distance information, we also demonstrate that the matrix of estimated inter-node distances offers complementary information that allows for the reduction of communication load. Our results are based on a simulator that can handle various measured input data, different algorithms and various noise models. Simulation results are useful and used for the development of real-life prototype.","PeriodicalId":447934,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130345032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Federico Parisi, G. Ferrari, V. Cimolin, M. Giuberti, C. Azzaro, G. Albani, L. Contin, A. Mauro
{"title":"On the correlation between UPDRS scoring in the leg agility, sit-to-stand, and gait tasks for parkinsonians","authors":"Federico Parisi, G. Ferrari, V. Cimolin, M. Giuberti, C. Azzaro, G. Albani, L. Contin, A. Mauro","doi":"10.1109/BSN.2015.7299401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BSN.2015.7299401","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, we have proposed a unified approach, based on the use of a Body Sensor Network (BSN) formed by a few body-worn wireless inertial nodes, for automatic assignment of Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores in the following tasks: Leg Agility (LA), Sit-to-Stand (S2S), and Gait (G). Unlike our previous works and the majority of the works appeared in the literature, where UPDRS tasks are investigated singularly, in the current paper we carry out a comparative investigation of the LA, S2S, and G tasks. In particular, we focus on the correlation between UPDRS values assigned to the three tasks by both an expert neurologist and our automatic system. We also consider an aggregate UPDRS score in order to highlight the relevance of each task in the assessment of the gravity of the Parkinson;s Disease (PD).","PeriodicalId":447934,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","volume":"101 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132708217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A flexible tonoarteriography-based body sensor network for cuffless measurement of arterial blood pressure","authors":"Xiaorong Ding, Wenxuan Dai, Ningqi Luo, Jing Liu, Ni Zhao, Yuan-ting Zhang","doi":"10.1109/BSN.2015.7299405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BSN.2015.7299405","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in unobtrusive sensing technology, especially those in flexible, stretchable, and printable sensing, have given rise to various novel signal acquisition modalities, such as stretchable epidermal electrocardiography (ECG), organic photoplethysmography (PPG), and flexible tonoarteriography (TAG) which is the cuffless and continuous recording of arterial blood pressure (BP). With the fast development of wearable computing and wireless communication technologies, all these modalities can be integrated into a body sensor network (BSN) for remote physiological multi-parameter monitoring. In this paper, we propose a TAG-based BSN for unobtrusive BP measurement with possible automatic cuffless BP calibration, and our efforts focus on the effect of posture change on the various pulse transit time (PTT) calculated from different BSN nodes consisting of TAG, ECG, and PPG sensors. Specifically, correlations of different PTTs with reference continuous BP at different postures are examined. The results of this study demonstrate that the PTT from ECG and TAG sensors has higher correlation with the reference BP as compared to that from ECG and PPG sensors, which suggests that flexible TAG sensor may potentially be utilized not only for cuffless calibration, but also as an alternative node in the BSN for continuous, cuffless BP measurement with better accuracy.","PeriodicalId":447934,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133532229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A wearable pre-impact fall early warning and protection system based on MEMS inertial sensor and GPRS communication","authors":"Mian Yao, Qi Zhang, Menghua Li, Huiqi Li, Yunkun Ning, Gaosheng Xie, Guoru Zhao, Yingnan Ma, Xing Gao, Zongzhen Jin","doi":"10.1109/BSN.2015.7299397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BSN.2015.7299397","url":null,"abstract":"Fall is one of great threats affecting people with old age. Aimed at the falling issue of aged, the paper explored a pre-impact fall early warning and protection system. This system consists of an early fall alarm, protection airbags, a remote monitoring platform and a guardian's cellphone app. The early fall alarm and airbags are integrated in a belt, convenient for wearing and hip-protection. The inner of early fall alarm has a MEMS sensor, which collects 3-axis accelerated velocity and 3-axis angular velocity. A fall detection algorithm is applied to recognize falls from activities of daily living (ADL). When there is a dangerous movement approaching fall, the early fall alarm will warn the aged to stop the movement. When the fall happens, the early fall alarm will trigger the airbag system, then the airbags in the belt will inflate as soon as possible to reduce the damage to the aged. In addition, the early fall alarm will ring and send message to the guardian's cellphone for help. Meanwhile, the kinematics of the human body during falling time will be stored in TF card and sent to remote monitoring platform for storage. Then the monitoring platform can show the fall location where the fall incident happens in the electronic map. In order to test the reliability of this early fall alarm and protection system, a series of experiments have been designed. The results show that this system can be relatively accurate to detect falls, accomplishing functions including early fall warning and alarming, airbag inflation, statics transferring and storage, real-time location, which has significant benefit for reducing the direct damage and shortening the aiding time.","PeriodicalId":447934,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133142448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. S. A. Mustufa, J. Barton, B. O’flynn, R. Davies, P. Mccullagh, Huiru Zheng
{"title":"Design of a smart insole for ambulatory assessment of gait","authors":"Y. S. A. Mustufa, J. Barton, B. O’flynn, R. Davies, P. Mccullagh, Huiru Zheng","doi":"10.1109/BSN.2015.7299383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BSN.2015.7299383","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the design and development of a smart insole that may be used to assess long term chronic conditions that affect the elderly population such as Stroke, Dementia, Parkinson's disease, Cancer, Cardiac Disease and Diabetes. This smart insole offers the potential for evidence base rehabilitation. The ICT solution detect the plantar foot pressure in a free living context through the integration of piezo sensors, microcontroller and Bluetooth technology to empirically measure the pressure at important pressure points. The insole consists of 32 piezo sensors, 01 tri-axial accelerometers, temperature sensor and force sensor to automatically switch ON/OFF the insole. The accelerometers provide context for orientation. The design comprises two flexible PCBs encased in a padded layer, in order to protect the sensors and provide comfort to wearer.","PeriodicalId":447934,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","volume":"52 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113956811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdullah Ahmed, Muhammad Asawal, M. Khan, H. M. Cheema
{"title":"A wearable wireless sensor for real time validation of bowling action in cricket","authors":"Abdullah Ahmed, Muhammad Asawal, M. Khan, H. M. Cheema","doi":"10.1109/BSN.2015.7299370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BSN.2015.7299370","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a wireless, low power and low cost wearable for real time monitoring and analysis of bowling action in the game of cricket. Utilizing flex sensor as an enabling component, the device performs continuous measurement of arm angle within one degree accuracy. The wearable also utilizes a force sensor enabling it to detect the time instant at which the ball is released. The device wirelessly communicates to a smart phone using BLE 4.0, where a complete visual and graphical analysis is performed on the received data, and decision about the legality of action is displayed.","PeriodicalId":447934,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116339711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}