Soil Science Annual最新文献

{"title":"Selected properties of soils located within the depression cone of a planned excavation of the Drzewce open cast pit (central Poland)","authors":"P. Gajewski, Z. Kaczmarek","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/143890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/143890","url":null,"abstract":"Open-pit lignite mining requires drainage of the deposit. The depression cone, formed as a result of these activities, has a varied surface and depth, and these features are shaped primarily by the geological structure and by the thickness of the caprock layer. In some of the areas covered by the depression cone, soil productivity may deteriorate, and a related yield reduction may occur, providing the basis for the payment of applied compensations for the owners of such areas. The aim of the study was to assess the condition of selected soils in the vicinity of the planned excavation (Field B) of the Drzewce lignite open pit mine (central Poland). Six profi les were excavated in organic and mineral-organic soils. The locations of the test points were chosen to represent soils that meet the criteria of habitats prone to drainage degradation. The morphological structure of the studied soils and their analysed properties indicate that they have already been drained (probably due to the infl uence of climate and cultivation), but does not exclude the possible acceleration and enhancement of this process by the commencement of mining activities. For most of the analysed features, a high correlation between their value and organic matter content was observed. Given that the possible commencement of opencast mining operations may signifi cantly accelerate and enhance the already initiated mursh-forming process, it is reasonable to conduct systematic research at the measuring points proposed in the study. Keywords","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80474723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of rusty soils in forest areas managed by the State Forests National Forest Holding in the light of data from the Forest Data Bank","authors":"P. Rutkowski, Monika Konatowska, A. Ilek, Krzysztof Turczański, M. Nowiński, J. Löffler","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/143893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/143893","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88926833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected problems of sustainable management of rusty soils in forestry","authors":"P. Sewerniak, M. Jankowski","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/143477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/143477","url":null,"abstract":"Since the end of the 18th century Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) monocultures have been artifi cially introduced in extensive areas of rusty soils in Central Europe. Such forest management practice has involved, however, several serious problems, like e.g. soil degradation implying the decrease in productivity of forest sites, and the clear increase in the risk of disturbances (pest gradations, fi res, wind damages etc.) occurrence. Those troubles have involved the increasing discussion on rational forest management on sandy soils, which are predominant in lowland woodlands of Central Europe. Thus, in this paper we aimed to indicate selected problems of sustainable management of rusty soils in forestry with regard to lowland forests found in the region. The special focus was paid on controversies being related to conversion of pine stands overgrowing these soils, because of its especially high importance for forest management in Central Europe. We postulate that we should intensify the conversion of pure pine stands overgrowing rusty soils into mixed forests, which would reduce the risk of the assumed, and being involved with the ongoing climate changes, problems with the stability of pine forests in Central Europe. The study shows that the current methodology of forest site types diagnosis used in Poland may lead to underestimation of the types, and consequently it consolidates the focus of Polish forestry on breeding pine stands on rusty soils. Following the existing controversies regarding the diagnosis of a forest site type on rusty soils, we postulate that we should more broadly underplant pine stands overgrowing the soils with deciduous trees, regardless of the diagnosed forest site type in forest inventory works. In turn, in conversions executed in maturing conifer stands using a gap cutting, the emphasis should be put on plant diversity. Namely, we highlight in the paper that in the gaps, besides major deciduous species (usually oak and/or beech), the admixture of ameliorative trees should obligatory be introduced (e.g. European hornbeam, Carpinus betulus), which happens to be ignored in practice. We postulate also that logging residues removal, which is still executed in some forest districts in Poland, should be skipped. This practice is especially irrational when it is done in sites dedicated for stand conversion, because it highly increases the risk of mortality and/or of the distinct decrease in growth dynamics of young hardwoods introduced in post-pine sites. Keywords","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83429074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the potential of capillary rise for the migration of Pt nanoparticles in Luvisols and Phaeozems (Western Siberia)","authors":"S. Loiko, A. Konstantinov, G. Istigechev, E. Konstantinova, D. Kuzmina, V. Ivanov, S. Kulizhskiy","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/141621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/141621","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous experiments with nanoparticles have recently led to a better understanding of the migration of colloids and larger particles in soils. However, it remains unclear how colloidal particles migrate in soil horizons without macropores, and whether they can move with the fl ow of capillary water. In this article, we tested the hypothesis that colloidal particles can be transported by water fl ow in capillary-sized soil pores. To test our hypothesis, column experiments with platinum nanoparticles were carried out. The columns contained undisturbed monoliths from the Luvisols and Phaeozems soil horizons in the southeast of Western Siberia. The lower part of the soil columns was immersed in a colloidal solution with platinum nanoparticles. Thus, we checked whether the nanoparticles would rise to the top of the columns. Platinum nanoparticles are a usable tracer of colloidal particle migration pathways. Due to the minimal background concentrations, platinum can be detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in experimental samples. Due to their low zeta potential, nanoparticles are well transported over long distances through the pores. Our experiments made it possible to establish that the process of the transfer of nanoparticles with a fl ow of capillary water is possible in almost all the studied horizons. However, the transfer distances are limited to the fi rst tens of centimeters. The number of migrating nanoparticles and the distance of their transfer increase with an increase in the minimum moisture-holding capacity and decrease with an increase in the bulk density of soil horizons and an increase in the number of direct macropores. The migration of nanoparticles in capillary pores is limited in carbonate soil horizons. The transfer of colloidal particles through soil capillaries can occur in all directions, relative to the gravity gradient. Capillary transport plays an important role in the formation of the ice composition of permafrost soils, as well as in plant nutrition. Keywords","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88053590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil characteristics, revised soil classification, and soil geochemistry related to soil suitability of West Lampung tropical volcanic residual soil, Sumatra, Indonesia","authors":"P. Iqbal, D. Muslim, Z. Zakaria, H. Permana, A. Syahbana","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/142032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/142032","url":null,"abstract":"© 2021 by the authors. Licensee Soil Science Society of Poland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY NC ND 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). * Soil characteristics, revised soil classifi cation, and soil geochemistry related to soil suitability of West Lampung tropical volcanic residual soil, Sumatra, Indonesia","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75320001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of the trophism of rusty soils on the basis of soil trophic index in selected coniferous stands in the Rupin forestry in the Kurpie Plain, NE Poland","authors":"S. Smólczyński, M. Orzechowski, Monika Sięda","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/144786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/144786","url":null,"abstract":"© 2021 by the authors. Licensee Soil Science Society of Poland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY NC ND 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). * Diagnosis of the trophism of rusty soils on the basis of soil trophic index in selected coniferous stands in the Rupin forestry in the Kurpie Plain, NE Poland","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73677726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rustification as a collateral process in clay-illuvial soils of northern Poland","authors":"M. Świtoniak","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/143444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/143444","url":null,"abstract":"The lessivage (clay-illuviation) and rustifi cation are among the two most common soil-forming processes in soil cover of Poland. The horizons of illuvial accumulation of the clay fraction are observed in approx. 50% of Polish soils, while rusty soils constitute about 14% – that is almost half of all sandy soils in the country. Due to the different conditions of both processes – mainly lithological in nature – they are generally perceived as separable phenomena leading to the formation of two different types of soils – clay-illuvial soils (WRB – Luvisols) and rusty soils (Brunic Arenosols). However, in some soil profi les, especially those formed in sands covering glacial tills, the effects of both of these soil-forming processes are observed. The aim of the study was to characterize the soils with the features related to the illuviation (lessivage) of the clay fraction and the accumulation of iron sesquioxides in the form of iron coatings formed in-situ in the sandy material (rustifi cation). In order to check how often these processes take place simultaneously, 29 soil profi les with a texture enabling the simultaneous acting of both processes in the young glacial areas of northern Poland were analyzed. In as many as 66% of cases, the presence of features related to both processes were found. The lack of the rustifi cation was recorded predominantly in arable soils – often shallowed by erosion or with a clear stagnation of water in the eluvial horizons. Most of the studied soils were classifi ed as texturally contrasted rusty clay-illuvial soils (WRB – Abruptic Luvisols (Brunic)) or lamellic rusty clay-illuvial soils (WRB – Lamellic Luvisols (Brunic)). Thus, both processes in soils developed from cover sands underlying by glacial tills are complementary to each other, and the profi les of A-Bv-Et-2Bt-2Ck morphology (designation of horizons according to Polish Soil Classifi cation (PSC, 2019)) should be perceived as fully formed and undisturbed by human activity. Keywords","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90690179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Typological and physicochemical variability of rusty soils (Brunic Arenosols) in the Bialowieża Forests, eastern Poland","authors":"C. Kabała, M. Ksepko, Przemysław Musiał","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/143900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/143900","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91072779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin, properties and transformation of soil lamellae in rusty soils (Brunic Arenosols) in southeastern Poland","authors":"Magdalena Gus-Stolarczyk, Marek Drewnik, W. Szymański","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/143881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/143881","url":null,"abstract":"Lamellae represent a form of illuvial accumulation of the clay fraction commonly found in Quaternary sands. Despite great interest in soils in which lamellae occur, the origin, properties and transformation of lamellae are still not fully understood. In addition, research on lamellae in sandy material was carried out mainly in Podzols, ochre soils (Rubic Arenosols) and Arenosols, while no research was conducted in this respect in rusty soils (Brunic Arenosols). The main aim of the present study was to explain lamellae origin and transformation on the example of rusty soils (Brunic Arenosols) in southeastern Poland basing on their morphology, physical and chemical properties and using micromorphological studies. The research work was performed in southeastern Poland (Kraków Gate region and Central Beskid Foothills) at the research sites Kostrze, Gołęczyna, and Połomia. The parent material of the studied soils was glaciofl uvial sands. Soil lamellae in the studied rusty soils exhibit high diversity in terms of morphology and physical and chemical properties. They are characterized by a higher content of fi ne fractions (<0,05 mm), total organic carbon and non-silicate iron and aluminum compared to interlamellae. A number of morphological and micromorphological features, such as the presence of clay-iron coatings on mineral grains serve as evidence of the pedo-petrogenic nature of lamellae. In the uppermost parts of rusty soils, lamellae show a high degree of degradation, mainly due to biological activity. Keywords","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85247102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of soil enzymatic activity in relationship to some chemical properties of Brunic Arenosols","authors":"J. Lasota, E. Błońska, Wojciech Piaszczyk","doi":"10.37501/soilsa/140641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37501/soilsa/140641","url":null,"abstract":"Brunic Arenosols are one of the most common soil types in lowland forests. The aim of this study was to determine the enzymatic activity of trophically diverse forest Brunic Arenosols. In this study, an attempt was made to determine the relationship between enzymatic activity and some chemical properties of Brunic Arenosols. It has been presented how the activity of dehydrogenases, urease and protease changes deep into the profi le of Brunic Arenosols. Sample plots were located in central Poland, in the Przedbórz forest district. 23 sample plots have been selected for the research. The research concerned Albic Brunic Arenosols (9 plots), Haplic Brunic Arenosols (7 plots) and Cambic Brunic Arenosols (7 plots). At each sample plot a detailed description of soil profi le has been carried out, samples have been taken from each genetic horizon in order to mark of soil properties and enzyme activity. The analyses carried out confi rmed the relationship of enzymatic activity with the content of C, N, pH and the texture in the studied soils. Regardless of the type of enzyme, a decrease in activity has been observed in the depth of the profi le which is related to the availability of carbon substrates necessary for enzymatic reactions. Dehydrogenases activity refl ects the trophic conditions of Brunic Arenosols better than other tested enzymes. The highest dehydrogenases activity was recorded in Cambic Brunic Arenosols. For protease and urease activities, no clear differences were recorded between Brunic Arenosols subtypes. Extracellular enzyme activities were most strongly associated with organic horizons regardless of Brunic Arenosols subtype. Keywords","PeriodicalId":44772,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Annual","volume":"239 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72952228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}