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D4 Digital Channel Bank Family: Dataport — Channel units for digital data system 56-kb/s rate D4数字信道库系列:数据端口-数字数据系统56-kb/s速率的信道单元
The Bell System Technical Journal Pub Date : 1982-11-01 DOI: 10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB03450.X
B. Dunbar, D. Gupta, M. P. Horvath, R. E. Sheehey, S. Verma
{"title":"D4 Digital Channel Bank Family: Dataport — Channel units for digital data system 56-kb/s rate","authors":"B. Dunbar, D. Gupta, M. P. Horvath, R. E. Sheehey, S. Verma","doi":"10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB03450.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB03450.X","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing demand for high-speed data services makes it desirable to give more customers access to the Digital Data System (DDS). To provide service at 56 kb/s, the highest DDS rate, “dataport” channel units have been developed to extend DDS network channels over T-carrier lines, using D4 terminals. These 56-kb/s dataport units offer a flexible and economical arrangement for serving smaller cross sections of data subscribers, and make use of a coding scheme for error correction that makes special selection of lines (for error rate) unnecessary. We describe the design of 56-kb/s dataport units, while articles referenced herein discuss dataport system questions and the design of lower speed dataport units.","PeriodicalId":447574,"journal":{"name":"The Bell System Technical Journal","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117517729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Considerations for single-mode fiber systems 单模光纤系统的考虑因素
The Bell System Technical Journal Pub Date : 1982-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB03092.X
K. Ogawa
{"title":"Considerations for single-mode fiber systems","authors":"K. Ogawa","doi":"10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB03092.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB03092.X","url":null,"abstract":"The intrinsic low-dispersion and low-attenuation properties of single-mode fibers between 1.3 and 1.6 μm make them attractive for use in high-capacity, long-haul digital systems. In this paper we discuss some fundamental performance limitations — such as attenuation, bandwidth, mode-partition noise, burst-type error, and receiver sensitivities — for systems with bit rates above 274 Mb/s. Also, we discuss the maximum capacity achievable by either using a single channel at the minimum-dispersion wavelength, or multiple wavelength-multiplexed channels with equal, but necessarily lower, bit rates. We conclude that the characteristics of present laser diodes limit repeater spacing to lengths far less than the potential capacity expected from single-mode fibers. For total capacity of bit rates less than 1 Gb/s, wavelength multiplexing is found to offer longer repeater spacings than single-wavelength systems.","PeriodicalId":447574,"journal":{"name":"The Bell System Technical Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120334893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 34
Wideband, bidirectional lightguide communication with an optically powered audio channel 宽带，双向光导通信与光动力音频通道
The Bell System Technical Journal Pub Date : 1982-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04349.X
R. Miller, B. D. De Loach, T. Stakelon, R. Lawry
{"title":"Wideband, bidirectional lightguide communication with an optically powered audio channel","authors":"R. Miller, B. D. De Loach, T. Stakelon, R. Lawry","doi":"10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04349.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04349.X","url":null,"abstract":"The feasibility of bidirectional speech-television communication over a single-strand lightguide, with emergency optical powering of the remote station telephone, has been demonstrated. The remote circuits drew ∼250 μA at 0.9 volt from a double-heterostructure photovoltaic detector at 0.65 mW of received optical power; the detector low-pass response into 50 ohms was down 6 dB at 60 MHz. The optical packages featured GRIN-lens bidirectional couplers and, at the remote station, a low-threshold-current, buried-heterostructure laser.","PeriodicalId":447574,"journal":{"name":"The Bell System Technical Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119402305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
B.S.T.J. brief: Low-elevation-angle propagation effects on COMSTAR satellite signals 摘要:低仰角传播对COMSTAR卫星信号的影响
The Bell System Technical Journal Pub Date : 1982-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04360.X
J. Titus, H. Arnold
{"title":"B.S.T.J. brief: Low-elevation-angle propagation effects on COMSTAR satellite signals","authors":"J. Titus, H. Arnold","doi":"10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04360.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04360.X","url":null,"abstract":"Little information exists on earth-space propagation at lower elevation angles. One earlier experiment1 has shown greater fluctuation in signal levels over low-elevation paths. This signal fluctuation likely results from focusing and defocusing by inhomogeneities in the atmosphere's index of refraction caused by turbulence. The fluctuation increases at lower elevation angles, then, because the signal must pass through more atmosphere. The opportunity existed during 1976 to make more low-elevation observations at 19 GHz as the COMSTAR satellites were placed into position. This paper describes the acquisition and analysis of the low-elevation propagation data. Results are presented showing the fluctuation intensity of the received signal at several elevation angles.","PeriodicalId":447574,"journal":{"name":"The Bell System Technical Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119993416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Stored Program Controlled Network: Prologue 存储程序控制网络:序言
The Bell System Technical Journal Pub Date : 1982-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04361.X
F. Andrews, K. E. Martersteck
{"title":"Stored Program Controlled Network: Prologue","authors":"F. Andrews, K. E. Martersteck","doi":"10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04361.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04361.X","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid introduction of electronic switching systems with Stored Program Control (SPC) has made possible the interconnection of the control processors by high-speed data links to provide common-channel interoffice signaling (CCIS). Not only does this permit higher-speed, lower-cost, more reliable setup of connections, but also the transfer of packets of information for more flexible call control. The papers in this issue describe the evolution of the SPC network concept since the introduction of CCIS in 1976 and the first new services which will exploit the power of this new network capability.","PeriodicalId":447574,"journal":{"name":"The Bell System Technical Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118447573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stored Program Controlled Network: No. 1/1A ESS-SPC network capabilities and signaling architecture 存储程序控制网络:No. 1/1A ESS-SPC网络功能和信令架构
The Bell System Technical Journal Pub Date : 1982-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04365.X
L. Gawron, S. Lueders, K. Moeller
{"title":"Stored Program Controlled Network: No. 1/1A ESS-SPC network capabilities and signaling architecture","authors":"L. Gawron, S. Lueders, K. Moeller","doi":"10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04365.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04365.X","url":null,"abstract":"The No. 1/1A Electronic Switching System (ESS) will play an important role in the evolving Stored Program Controlled (SPC) Network because, as a major electronic switching system for local and combined local/toll service, it provides direct interfaces to many of the Bell System's customers. It provides important capabilities required for System 800 Service and for a variety of other new SPC network services. This paper describes several of the basic SPC network capabilities provided by the No. 1/1A ESS. It also describes the architecture and implementation of its common-channel interoffice signaling (CCIS) subsystem, CCIS call-processing software, and System 800 software.","PeriodicalId":447574,"journal":{"name":"The Bell System Technical Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119628375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Automated Repair Service Bureau: Mechanized Loop Testing design 自动化维修服务局:机械化回路测试设计
The Bell System Technical Journal Pub Date : 1982-07-08 DOI: 10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04340.X
O. Dale, T. Robinson, E. J. Theriot
{"title":"Automated Repair Service Bureau: Mechanized Loop Testing design","authors":"O. Dale, T. Robinson, E. J. Theriot","doi":"10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04340.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04340.X","url":null,"abstract":"The Mechanized Loop Testing (MLT) system is a functional unit of the Automated Repair Service Bureau (ARSB) which tests and analyzes the condition of customer loops. The test results are used to verify trouble conditions, assist telephone company personnel in providing repair-commitment information to the customer, dispatch the appropriate repair craft, and reduce manual testing requirements. The MLT system design is distributed over three processing levels of the ARSB tree structure (host, front end, controller) to provide the necessary record utilization, data processing, loop analysis, and control of test equipment. The automatic access, monitoring, and testing of loops is performed by specially designed test equipment under the direct control of the controller. The MLT system provides a set of test series, each designed for specific applications. The test series are composed in real time as a function of the equipment thought to be present on the loop and the results of tests already performed to that point in the test sequence. This adaptive testing process has been implemented in hardware and software to provide an effective loop-testing system for most applications in the Bell System.","PeriodicalId":447574,"journal":{"name":"The Bell System Technical Journal","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117846549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
1A voice storage system: Software 1A语音存储系统:软件
The Bell System Technical Journal Pub Date : 1982-05-06 DOI: 10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04318.X
G. Gates, R. F. Kranzmann, L. D. Whitehead
{"title":"1A voice storage system: Software","authors":"G. Gates, R. F. Kranzmann, L. D. Whitehead","doi":"10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04318.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB04318.X","url":null,"abstract":"The new Custom Calling Services II (CCS II) have been provided by adding a 1A Voice Storage System (1A VSS) as a new node in the Stored Program Control network. Software and a new trunk circuit are required in the No. 1/1A ESS to provide call control, call filtering, and routing to a 1A VSS. The 1A VSS accepts the call and provides the package of voice services known as CCS II. The software required to provide these services is described.","PeriodicalId":447574,"journal":{"name":"The Bell System Technical Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117542889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The tap-leakage algorithm: An algorithm for the stable operation of a digitally implemented, fractionally spaced adaptive equalizer 分接泄漏算法:一种用于数字实现的稳定运行的算法，分数间隔自适应均衡器
The Bell System Technical Journal Pub Date : 1982-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICASSP.1982.1171458
R. Gitlin, H. C. Meadors, S. Weinstein
{"title":"The tap-leakage algorithm: An algorithm for the stable operation of a digitally implemented, fractionally spaced adaptive equalizer","authors":"R. Gitlin, H. C. Meadors, S. Weinstein","doi":"10.1109/ICASSP.1982.1171458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.1982.1171458","url":null,"abstract":"A fractionally spaced equalizer is a nonrecursive adaptive filter whose tap weights are spaced a fraction of a symbol interval apart. Such an equalizer can significantly enhance modem performance in the presence of severe linear distortion, when compared with a conventional synchronous equalizer whose taps are spaced a symbol interval apart. However, a digitally implemented, fractionally spaced equalizer generally will exhibit long-term instability when the conventional tap-adjustment algorithm is used. This occurs because, in contrast to the synchronous equalizer, a fractionally spaced equalizer generally will have many sets of tap values, which result in nearly equal values of mean-squared error (mse). Some of these tap settings — which invariably will be attained because of biases in the digital tap-updating circuitry — are large enough to cause register overflows and consequent performance deterioration. In this paper we report how a simple modification in the tap-adjustment algorithm provides a solution to the above problem. The modified tap-adjustment algorithm prevents the buildup of large coefficient values by systematically “leaking” or decreasing the magnitudes of all the equalizer tap weights. For an experimental modem operating at 9.6 kb/s, it has been demonstrated that the tap-leakage adjustment algorithm prevents the accumulation of large equalizer tap values, while permitting the full performance gain of a fractionally spaced equalizer to be realized.","PeriodicalId":447574,"journal":{"name":"The Bell System Technical Journal","volume":"11 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130927578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 139
Measurements of OH diffusion in optical-fiber cores 光纤芯中OH扩散的测量
The Bell System Technical Journal Pub Date : 1982-03-01 DOI: 10.1364/OFC.1981.TUG1
D. Philen
{"title":"Measurements of OH diffusion in optical-fiber cores","authors":"D. Philen","doi":"10.1364/OFC.1981.TUG1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OFC.1981.TUG1","url":null,"abstract":"A color-center laser was used at 0.95 μm to determine the activation energy for OH diffusion in the cores of current multimode fibers. The temperature range of 600 to 800°C was investigated and the activation energy determined to be 19,700 ± 1600 cal/mole in agreement with previous values reported for bulk silica. Based on this value, some 23,000 years would be necessary at 90°C to produce a 3-percent change in the 0.95-μm OH absorption at the core center. Apparently, OH diffusion over a service life of optical fibers should not be a problem in presently envisioned lightwave applications.","PeriodicalId":447574,"journal":{"name":"The Bell System Technical Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114684537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
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