{"title":"A Feature Extraction Algorithm for Hybrid Manufacturing and Its Application in Robot-Based Additive and Subtractive Processes","authors":"O. Cooke, Hamdan Al-Musaibeli, Rafiq Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089593","url":null,"abstract":"Establishing efficient, non-traditional manufacturing methods is critical for achieving a circular economy. Remanufacturing, the process in which a part is modified to restore original or like-new functionality, can improve manufacturing sustainability by closing the supply chain loop. A critical remanufacturing technique is hybrid manufacturing: combined additive and subtractive manufacturing processes that enable features to be added or removed from an existing part. This paper proposes a method for automating the feature extraction process for hybrid manufacturing, which is otherwise labor-intensive. The feature extraction is performed between a CAD model of the desired part and a 3D scan of the actual part to be remanufactured. The extracted features are then classified for the optimal manufacturing process and exported as STL files, which can be utilized as inputs for various tool path planning algorithms. An experiment is performed on an end-of-life case study to validate the proposed methodology. Additionally, simulations of the additive and subtractive remanufacturing processes are included to demonstrate one potential application of the proposed feature extraction process.","PeriodicalId":447565,"journal":{"name":"2023 International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Industry (ICRAI)","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122900125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applications of Hybrid Conditional Planning in Service Robotics","authors":"Ahmed Nouman, M. Saleem","doi":"10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089569","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid planning computes task plans in full observability (a sequence of possible actuation actions) via the integration of low-level feasibility checks in classical planning approaches. Conditional planning extends the classical planning framework to account for plans under partial observability. We use a hybrid conditional planning approach to compute plans that include sensing and actuation actions in solving real-world problems by addressing uncertainties due to incomplete information at the planning phase. We generate a hybrid conditional plan of actions using parallel instances of a non-monotonic hybrid HCPLAN that supports defaults, integration of external computations, and non-deterministic actions. We show our hybrid conditional planning framework's HCPLAN applicability through service robotics scenarios with manipulation and navigation tasks. Furthermore, we evaluate the effect of parallel threads on the computation of hybrid conditional framework on different benchmark scenarios for the service robotics domains.","PeriodicalId":447565,"journal":{"name":"2023 International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Industry (ICRAI)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131155363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Haris, Bilal Ubaid, Uzma Bibi, Ameer Said, Syed Najm us Saqib, Shahbaz Khan, Muhammad Tufail
{"title":"Design and Development of IoT Based Weather and Air Quality Monitoring Station","authors":"Muhammad Haris, Bilal Ubaid, Uzma Bibi, Ameer Said, Syed Najm us Saqib, Shahbaz Khan, Muhammad Tufail","doi":"10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089568","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the Design and Development of IoT Based Weather and Air Quality Monitoring stations that provide weather-related information for agriculture, and aviation climate forecasting purposes. The prototype is made up of an outdoor unit that consistently monitors numerous climatic variables such as temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, and air quality using sensors with high accuracy. The air quality index(AQI) is also calculated using the sensors values which tell us whether the atmosphere is safe or polluted. ESP32(Microcontroller) which has a WiFi module is used to gather and send the sensor data through the Internet of things (IoT) to a ThingSpeak channel (IoT cloud), an internet platform where the data is saved, analyzed and read the data remotely. The weather station makes use of photovoltaic power and a rechargeable lead-acid battery to sustain the system. This paper also discusses the obvious strengths and shortcomings of the system and suggests plausible upgrades to assist the system in obtaining higher and long-term performance.","PeriodicalId":447565,"journal":{"name":"2023 International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Industry (ICRAI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130334483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamza Sohail, Amir Hamza, N. Rashid, Muhammad Saad Ali, T. Ghani
{"title":"Design and Analysis of Throwable Unmanned Ground Vehicle","authors":"Hamza Sohail, Amir Hamza, N. Rashid, Muhammad Saad Ali, T. Ghani","doi":"10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089612","url":null,"abstract":"Throwable Unmanned Ground Vehicle (TUGV) is an impact resistant robot which has been designed to survive and stay functional after a fall of 7 meters. With dimensions of 29 x 25 x 12 cm, the robot is portable and easily deployable. It is comparatively light weight and weighs about 2.1 Kg. It can be used for inspection of heavy machinery and pipelines, location surveys, surveillance, and other such purposes. It can be deployed in situations where human life and effort may otherwise be compromised. To reduce the impact force, the mainframe of the robot was fabricated in carbon fiber material which has a high strength to weight ratio. Since wheels absorb most of the impact, PCTPE was used as it is tough and semi-flexible. Honeycomb structure for wheels were used to absorb part of UGV's landing energy to prevent damage to UGV's components and to minimize its weight. Complete Calculations and ANSYS analysis were done to ensure the functionality of the robot. The robot is equipped with ESP32 CAM for visual feedback.","PeriodicalId":447565,"journal":{"name":"2023 International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Industry (ICRAI)","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124036658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Collaborative Path Planning Algorithm for Multiple AGVs","authors":"Yiming Chen, Mingxin Yuan, M. Cong, Dong Liu","doi":"10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089588","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the problem of material distribution in industrial production workshops, this paper proposes a multi AGVs collaborative path planning method based on genetic algorithm (GA) to improve its logistics management level and production efficiency. The improvement of the algorithm is to “explore” as many paths as possible. It uses information entropy to measure the diversity of the group and the constraints within the space to set the rewards and punishments. According to the set cooperation mechanism, it reduces the standby state of the robot without tasks, balances the workload of each robot, and finally realizes the goal of shortening the system running time on the basis of ensuring the safe operation of the system. The advantages and disadvantages of the algorithm are measured by the number of iterations and rewards when the algorithm tends to be stable. The effectiveness of the optimization algorithm is finally proved.","PeriodicalId":447565,"journal":{"name":"2023 International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Industry (ICRAI)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130319318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramsha Shahid, Anam Baloch, Humayun Tahir, A. Ullah
{"title":"Odometry and Inertial Sensor-based Localization of a Snake Robot","authors":"Ramsha Shahid, Anam Baloch, Humayun Tahir, A. Ullah","doi":"10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089598","url":null,"abstract":"Terrain adaptability gives snake robots an edge over wheeled mobile robots. Snake robot's applications expansion to disaster management is due to its limbless and modular design. Replicating the navigation and locomotion of a biological snake have been in the spotlight for many researchers. In this study, a robust localization algorithm of a snake robot is developed. A sensor fusion-based algorithm using probabilistic approaches: UKF (Unscented Kalman Filter) and EKF (Extended Kalman Filter) has been proposed. Odometry is fused with one and two IMUs (Inertial Measurement Units) with both probabilistic approaches. Evaluation of results in a simulation environment showed that the fusion of two IMUs and odometry using EKF outer performs in terms of accuracy when odometry is fused with one IMU using EKF. Furthermore, the fusion of two IMUs and odometry with UKF is computationally expensive resulting in a large convergence time which is not the best suitable approach that can be utilized for the snake robot.","PeriodicalId":447565,"journal":{"name":"2023 International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Industry (ICRAI)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130805633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. M. Shahzad, Muhammad Haroon Asad, Muhammad Haris, Hammad Munawar, M. Yousaf
{"title":"Formation Control and Sub-Swarm Generation of Multirotor UAVs","authors":"M. M. Shahzad, Muhammad Haroon Asad, Muhammad Haris, Hammad Munawar, M. Yousaf","doi":"10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089546","url":null,"abstract":"The research field of collective behaviors takes inspiration from natural self-organizing systems like honeybees, fish schools, social insects, bird flocks, and other social animals. These behaviors can be transformed into robots by replicating the same set of rules as found in the natural swarms. The deployment of aerial swarm robotics has become significant due to their multiple applications in surveillance, agriculture, and military. These applications lead to the development of aerial swarm robotic platforms to solve real-world problems. For example, a swarm of low-tech, cost-effective small UAVs can engage a high-tech target effectively. Similarly, a swarm of UAVs can perform surveillance and rescue missions in disastrous areas and build an emergency communication network through multiple UAV swarms. The critical part of swarm technology is multiple swarm intelligence algorithms that have been proposed and tested by various simulation platforms such as V-rep, Gazebo and MATLAB. Very few of them have been deployed on hardware to solve real scenarios that include formation control, navigation, pattern formation, and a few sub-swarm generation algorithms. Team connectivity is one of the essential aspects of a swarm network that emerges the collective intelligence of the group and ensures the readiness of the algorithm to deploy and solve real-world problems. Many researchers proposed the team connectivity algorithms in a single swarm network but still left the connectivity gap between the sub-swarms during a mission. This research work contributes toward designing a swarm intelligence algorithm to improve the connectivity techniques and team connectivity between the swarm agents and the sub-swarm groups.","PeriodicalId":447565,"journal":{"name":"2023 International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Industry (ICRAI)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125365202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tele-Operated Robotic Manipulator based Contactless Heartbeat Measurement Mechanism","authors":"A. Ali, Syed Murtaza Hassan Kazmi, R. Uddin","doi":"10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089533","url":null,"abstract":"Use of tele-operated robotic manipulators for performing various medical tasks have become significant due to concerns regarding the spread of contagious diseases. The area that we have specifically targeted in this paper is the frequently taken heartbeat measurements. The key to accurately measuring patient's heartbeat using a robotic manipulator is adjusting the stethoscope by exerting correct amount of force through the end-effector. In this paper, we have designed a setup using a 6-Degree of Freedom (DOF) tele-operated robotic arm coupled with a force sensor, buzzer and a stethoscope. The idea is that the robot embedded with force sensor will palpate the patient for heartbeat reading and that force signal will generate sound feedback for the doctor operating at master site. Signal from the force sensor helps to achieve appropriate exertion force and adjustment of stethoscope on patient's body so as to get accurate heartbeat waveform on doctor's mobile phone. For this, manual experiments are performed to establish baseline force range. Experiments are also performed using both pendant and haptic device at master end. As a result, Force-Time graph are obtained in all experimental configurations while the heartbeat is monitored using stethoscope's mobile application. Thus, a contactless heartbeat measurement is achieved. Results from the setup shows the validity of the proposed procedure.","PeriodicalId":447565,"journal":{"name":"2023 International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Industry (ICRAI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129374301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of Remote Wireless Control Technology Based on LoRa System in Intelligent Agricultural Machine","authors":"Jiang Ru, Zhang Dong, Zhang Guangyuan, Guan Zhiguang, Wang Xuelin, Shahzad Anwar","doi":"10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089601","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent agricultural machine has become the development direction of agricultural machinery, a variety of intelligent agricultural machine products have appeared in the market. Like other unmanned vehicles, the safety and reliability of intelligent agricultural machine are the most important. In addition to intelligent decision making, data transmission and remote control are indispensable. The spread spectrum wireless remote control based on long range radio (LoRa) has become an indispensable organic component of intelligent agricultural machinery system. This paper explores the wireless communication mechanism of LoRa, designs and develops the control circuit of ES8H698, a 32-bit general purpose microcontroller based on ARM Cortex-M0 CPU core. It has been tested and applied on the caterpillar spray machine to realize remote wireless information transmission and control, and achieved satisfactory results.","PeriodicalId":447565,"journal":{"name":"2023 International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Industry (ICRAI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125868816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fazal Nasir, Muhammad Haris, Bilawal Khan, Muhammad Tufail, Muhammad Tahir Khan, Zhang Dong
{"title":"Real-Time Plant Recognition and Crop Row Navigation for Autonomous Precision Agricultural Sprayer Robot","authors":"Fazal Nasir, Muhammad Haris, Bilawal Khan, Muhammad Tufail, Muhammad Tahir Khan, Zhang Dong","doi":"10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAI57502.2023.10089591","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a vision-based selective spraying technique for an autonomous agricultural sprayer robot. In traditional methods, excessive chemical spraying cause deleterious effects on human health, environment and becomes uneconomical. In order to reduce the agrochemical wastage encounters in a broadcast spraying, a selective plant spraying method is used for crop chemical treatment. The sensor-based approach assisted with YOLOv7 model is deployed on a custom designed robot for recognizing and localizing the lettuce plants in field. The PID-based pressure controller is designed that minimizes the undesirable fluctuations cause by the opening/closing of solenoid-valve-nozzles (SVNs) during spraying. Thus the nozzle's spraying quality is maintained by keeping the pressure constant to a desired value. A visual servoing scheme for row tracking is presented that uses the detected plant's spatial features. The robustness of the visual-based navigation is validated in the real field experiments.","PeriodicalId":447565,"journal":{"name":"2023 International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Industry (ICRAI)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121757075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}