Proceedings of " Reform and Political Change" Conference最新文献_第2页

The impact of the regional factor in the democratic transition A comparative study between the experiences of Spain 1975 and Iraq 2003 区域因素对民主转型的影响1975年西班牙与2003年伊拉克经验的比较研究

Proceedings of " Reform and Political Change" Conference Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp126-148

Luqman Raheem, Nasir Durid

{"title":"The impact of the regional factor in the democratic transition A comparative study between the experiences of Spain 1975 and Iraq 2003","authors":"Luqman Raheem, Nasir Durid","doi":"10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp126-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp126-148","url":null,"abstract":"The regional factor has always played an important role in the political developments of various countries and political experiences, as this factor constituted the role of the direct incubator for all the successful and failed experiences of political development throughout our time. The process of democratization is considered one of the most important political experiments of our time, which gained wide momentum after the Second World War. Especially after the peoples of the world realized the importance and preference of this system compared to the rest of the political systems. After the end of the Cold War, the world witnessed a remarkable trend towards liberal democracy, exhilarated by the euphoria of the victory of the Western camp led by the United States of America over its eastern historical opponent (led by the Soviet Union). Liberal democracy and its sovereignty over the world, rather they unleashed an unbridled optimism that says: \"\"The peoples and societies of the world are moving towards adopting the model of liberal democracy, because it is the model most responsive to the aspirations of human freedom and the release of his energies.","PeriodicalId":447516,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \" Reform and Political Change\" Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116870345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of National Diversity in Political Reform A Comparative Study between the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and the British Northern Ireland Region 民族多样性在政治改革中的作用——伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区与英属北爱尔兰地区比较研究

Proceedings of " Reform and Political Change" Conference Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp246-262

Tareq Kakarash, Alnasir Doraid

{"title":"The Role of National Diversity in Political Reform A Comparative Study between the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and the British Northern Ireland Region","authors":"Tareq Kakarash, Alnasir Doraid","doi":"10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp246-262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp246-262","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of national diversity is considered one of the most important points in studying the development of political systems in our time. Many scholars and researchers have noticed that there is rarely a people or nation in the world today that does not possess different national or ethnic diversity, some of which succeed in forcibly obliterating them, which leads to its ignition and the division of nations and states. (As happened in the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, the Eight State, the Empire of Austria-Hungary, etc.) and as it will happen in the future in other repressive countries, no matter how long their repression takes, and some of them succeed in preserving them through assimilation and understanding, as happened in Switzerland and a few other countries. While there are countries that have been striving for decades to arrange their national situations (such as India, Belgium and Spain), with varying degrees of success. The element of national diversity sometimes plays an active role in reforming the political system, and at other times this national diversity hinders the entire political reform. On the basis of the difference and contrast between the two models in terms of the degree of modernity and development, however, a careful examination of the two models confirms that they are not different to this degree. Only years (1998 in Britain and 2003 in Iraq) and the political conflict still exists in the two countries, leading to a final solution to this crisis.","PeriodicalId":447516,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \" Reform and Political Change\" Conference","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131498289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Political Change in Perspective of New Marxism 新马克思主义视域下的政治变革

Proceedings of " Reform and Political Change" Conference Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp1-12

Kanaan Abdullah, A. Shareef

引用次数: 0

The role of communication technology in political change and the freedom of digital media 通信技术在政治变革中的作用和数字媒体的自由

Proceedings of " Reform and Political Change" Conference Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp115-125

A. Abdullah, Kurdistan Saeed, Kanaan Abdullah

{"title":"The role of communication technology in political change and the freedom of digital media","authors":"A. Abdullah, Kurdistan Saeed, Kanaan Abdullah","doi":"10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp115-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp115-125","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the nature of the relationship between journalists and politicians in the age of media entrepreneurship, with emphasis on the factors and challenges faced by both media entrepreneurs and politicians while using digital media. This study relies on an inductive approach through using the qualitative method, this involves conducting interviews (N: 41) with journalists to discover whether they work in traditional media organizations or/and own and manage digital media enterprises, it also brings to lights new information about politicians, especially those who have media inclinations. This study reveals that digital media provide journalists with opportunities to achieve professional and financial independence. However, their work in the context of Iraqi scope does not go beyond spreading propaganda and promoting various agenda of political parties and politicians. In terms of the content of media entrepreneurship, this study unveils anonymous social media which are affiliated with/ or supported by politicians which work as piracy for trolling political opponents and activists. It is assumed that such social media have serious repercussions for freedom and privacy. This worries activists and journalists that they are unable to express their opinions freely for fear of being attacked by anonymous social media working on behalf of politicians. Therefore, the ethics of social media and their ownership seems to be a major concern in the Iraqi political media space, and it should be taken into consideration in future research.","PeriodicalId":447516,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \" Reform and Political Change\" Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126161033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

International interventions in non-democratic states between democratic change and achieving interests (Iraq as a case study after 2003) 非民主国家在民主变革与实现利益之间的国际干预(以2003年后的伊拉克为例)

Proceedings of " Reform and Political Change" Conference Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp232-245

O. Ali

引用次数: 0

Political Governance in the Light of the Constitutional Amendment in Algeria and the Mechanisms of Political Reform (Organizing Powers as a Model) 阿尔及利亚修宪视野下的政治治理与政治改革机制(以组织权力为例)

Proceedings of " Reform and Political Change" Conference Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp13-25

Bouhania Qaui, Latrish Ismaiel

引用次数: 0

Political change and the crisis of the nation state in the Arab world 阿拉伯世界的政治变革和民族国家危机

Proceedings of " Reform and Political Change" Conference Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp26-33

Ikram Adnani

{"title":"Political change and the crisis of the nation state in the Arab world","authors":"Ikram Adnani","doi":"10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp26-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp26-33","url":null,"abstract":"The Political Change” is one of the concepts which are rooted in the Arab Intellectual Farbric.Recently, it was related to The National State crisis in the Arabic World,especially it had various manifestations such as the weaknesses of the Institutes and the Organs of the the State and its deficit to assert its authority in the all the State( Syria, Lybia, Somalia), its tripping to the State building and conscrate its legimitacy (Egypt) as well as cristallizing a common identity in order to attract higher Loyalty (Liban). The situation in the Arab world, after years of movement, threatens the existence of certain States and also the regimes that have led them to achieve this deteriorating situation, as well as the future of a democratic and unitary State in the context of the current political violence. This study therefore attempts to approach the national state crisis in the Arab world by using anumber of sociological data and some concepts of political anthropology to understand the political and social changes that have affected the Arab world, assuming that the Arab State is experiencing a real crisis and that various political changes, primarily democratic mobility, have not been possible. \"\"The Arab Spring\"\" from being transferred to the status of the modern State, the State of institutions based on full citizenship and the guarantee of rights and freedoms. The national State is supposed to be a neutral State, and it must not belong to a particular organ or to the control of a specific party. It is a State for all citizens with different religious, racial and ethnic views. Any change in this equation would be a prelude to an internal explosion among the various components of society, particularly by the most affected groups.","PeriodicalId":447516,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \" Reform and Political Change\" Conference","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124071607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0