{"title":"Endangered species: Costs and benefits","authors":"E. P. Pister","doi":"10.5840/ENVIROETHICS19791432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/ENVIROETHICS19791432","url":null,"abstract":"Biologists are often placed in the difficult position of defending a threatened habitat or animal with vague reasoning and faulty logic, simply because they have no better rationale at their immediate disposal. This places them at a distinct disadvantage and literally at the mercy of resource exploiters and their easily assignable dollar values. Although the initial dollar cost of delaying precluding \"developing\" may be significant, the long-term benefits of saving the biological entities which might otherwise be destroyed are likewise great and are measurable in concrete terms which society is only now beginning to appreciate. Case histories are presented, a more profound rationale is explained, and the environmentalist is challenged to make his case sufficiently effective to reverse the current exploitive trends which threaten so many of earth's life forms.","PeriodicalId":447367,"journal":{"name":"Great Basin naturalist memoirs","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122367706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New World Fulgoridae, Part 1: genera with elongate head processes","authors":"L. B. O'Brien","doi":"10.5962/bhl.part.10985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.10985","url":null,"abstract":"Genera new to science described below include: Amerzanna, Sinuala , and Staluhra . New species include: Amerzanna peruana (Peru), Amycle brevis (Mexico), A. grandis (Mexico), A. mankinsi (Honduras), Aphrodisias shaman (Mexico), Enchophora maculata and E. uniformis (Peru), Phrictus delicatus (Brazil), P. diligens (Colombia), Sinuala schmidti (Belize), S. stali (Honduras and El Salvador), S. tuberculata (Costa Rica), and Stalubra brunnea (Brazil and Guyana). In addition, Artacie dufourii (Signoret) is removed from synonymy with A. haemoptera (Perty). New generic synonymy includes Chilobia Stal (= Ecuadoria) Distant, Euhydria (Walker) (= Ulubra Stal). New synonymy of species includes: Copidocephala merula Distant (= Coanaco melanoptera Schmidt), Copidocephala viridiguttata Stal (= Coanaco ornanda Distant), Diareusa conspersa Schmidt (= D. dahli Ossiannilsson), Enchophora nigromaculata Distant (= E. nigrolimbata Lallemand), Enchophora recurva (Olivier) (= E. bohemani Stal), Enchophora sanguinea Distant (= E. Florens Distant and E. longirostris Distant), Enchophora tuberculata (Oliver) (= E. parvipennis Walker), Enchophora viridipennis Spinola (= E. eminenta Schmidt), Enhydria tessellata (Walker) (= E. brachialis Stal), Fulgora graciliceps Blanchard (= Laternaria orthocephala Fonseca), Fulgora laternaria (Linnaeus)(= F. servillei Spinola), Phrictus auromaculatus Distant (= P. notatus Lellemand), Phrictus moebiusi Schmidt (= P. sordidus Caldwell). The two species of Fulgora are synonymized by Ridout. New combinations include Chilobia dichopteroides (Distant) ( Ecuadoria ) and Stalubra rufula (Lallemand) ( Enhydria ).","PeriodicalId":447367,"journal":{"name":"Great Basin naturalist memoirs","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127337846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revision of the Nirvaninae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) of the Indian subcontinent","authors":"C. A. Viraktamath, C. Wesley","doi":"10.5962/BHL.PART.10986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5962/BHL.PART.10986","url":null,"abstract":"Three tribes of Nirvaninae, namely, Balbillini (two genera and three species), Nirvanini (five genera and 26 species), and Occinirvanini (one genus and one species), occur on the Indian suncontinent. The tribes, genera, and species are redescribed, illustrated, and keyed. New taxa recognized are Balbillus indicus n. sp. (India: Kerala), Stenotortor subhimalaya n. sp. (India: West Bengal), Kana bispinosa n. sp. (India: Tamil Nadu), K. nigropicta n. sp. (India: Kerala), Sophonia bakeri n. sp. (India: Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh; Nepal), S. bifida n. sp. (India: West Bengal), S. complexa n. sp. (India: Meghalaya), S. complicata n. sp. (India: Mizoram, Meghalaya), S. Keralica n. sp. (India: Kerala), Nirvana peculiaris n. sp. (India: Mizoram, Meghalaya), and N. striata n. sp. (India: Werst Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh). The genus Quercinirvana Ahmed & Mahmood (type species: Q. Longicephala Ahmed & Mahmood) is treated as a junior synonym of Sophonia Walker. Kana signata Distant and Nirvana greeni Distant are suppressed as junior synonyms K. illuminata and N. linealis , respectively, and are transferred to Sophonia . Three other species transferred to Sophonia are Kana modesta Distant, Quercinirvana longicephala Ahmed & Mahood, and Nirvana insignis Distant. The relationship among various genera are dicussed briefly. The genera Crispina Distant and Mohunia Distant are exluded from Nirvaninae.","PeriodicalId":447367,"journal":{"name":"Great Basin naturalist memoirs","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131986806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classification of the subgenus Athysanella, genus Athysanella Baker (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae)","authors":"H. Blocker, James W. Johnson","doi":"10.5962/BHL.PART.10979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5962/BHL.PART.10979","url":null,"abstract":"The subgenus Athysanella Baker is reviewed and a possible phylogeny of the group is discussed. A total of 35 species is recognized. Descriptions, illustrations, and a key to males are presented. Twelve new species are described: aphoda, cursa, deserta, furnaca, hemijona, krameri, pastora, strobila, stylosa, vativala, and whitcombi are from the western United States, and marthac is from Mexico.","PeriodicalId":447367,"journal":{"name":"Great Basin naturalist memoirs","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123918119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Delphacidae of Alaska (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea)","authors":"S. Wilson","doi":"10.5962/BHL.PART.10989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5962/BHL.PART.10989","url":null,"abstract":"Fifteen species, in 10 genera, of Delphacidae are recorded from Alaska. One, Kusnezoviella macleani , is described as new to science. Acanthodelphax analis (Crawford), Javesella arcanastyla (Beamer), and J. atrata (Osborn) are new combinations. Delphacodes saileri Beamer is a synonym of Javesella simillima (Linnavuori). Of the 15 species, 1 is recorded only from Alaska, 3 are Holarctic, 4 are Nearctic, and 7 are Palearctic and restricted to tundra habitats, with 5 of these apparently found only north of the Brooks Range.","PeriodicalId":447367,"journal":{"name":"Great Basin naturalist memoirs","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132999317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revision of the genus Calliscarta (Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Neobalinae)","authors":"P. Freytag","doi":"10.5962/bhl.part.10981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.10981","url":null,"abstract":"A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Calliscarta stal is presented. Most of the 19 species treated are described and illustrated, including 10 that are new to science. The new species include: abrupta (Bolivia), acuta (Peru, Venezuela), delicata (Bolivia, Peru), elongata (Ecuador, Peru), expansa (Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru), lora (Peru), marginata (Honduras), mexicana (Mexico), ornata (French Guiana, Venezuela), rugosa (Venezuela). Three cases of new synonymy are proposed: boliviana (Osborn) (= tinga Kramer), fasciata (Osborn) [= brunnea (Osborn)], decora (Fabricius) [= magnifica (Osborn)].","PeriodicalId":447367,"journal":{"name":"Great Basin naturalist memoirs","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133449622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new genus, Ileopeltus, related to Chlorotettix (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)","authors":"P. S. Cwikla","doi":"10.5962/bhl.part.10980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.10980","url":null,"abstract":"On the basis of their unique genitalic characters, the Neotropical leafhopper species previously treated in the genus Doleranus Ball are placed in a new genus, Ileopeltus . Twelve species are treated, including six described as new. A key to the species and a cladistic hypothesis using Chlorotettix Van Duzee as the outgroup are presented. The new species of Ileopeltus include: nanocanthus (Panama), dorsalus and clavatus (Brazil and Venezuela), ventriculus and haplus (Brazil), and blockeri (Venezuela).","PeriodicalId":447367,"journal":{"name":"Great Basin naturalist memoirs","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133597417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new species of Pazu Oman from eastern California (Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)","authors":"R. Gill","doi":"10.5962/bhl.part.10982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.10982","url":null,"abstract":"A new species of Pazu, P. Monoinyo , from the Inyo-Mono County area of California is described. Additional occurrence records are provided for Pazu balli (Beamer), and some of its morphological characteristics are illustrated and compared with P. monoinyo .","PeriodicalId":447367,"journal":{"name":"Great Basin naturalist memoirs","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124425622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genus Flexamia : new species, phylogeny, and ecology","authors":"R. F. Whitcomb, A. Hicks","doi":"10.5962/bhl.part.10987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.10987","url":null,"abstract":"Eight new species of Flexamia DeLong are described, and two Mexican species previously synonymized are reinstated. Species are assigned to 13 species groups; keys are presented for the groups and for the 44 recognized species. Host data, in many cases with oligophagy coefficients, are presented for 37 of the species. Many species specialize on native, dominant, perennial, choridoid or panicoid grasses; some are monophagous. Seven sister species pairs specialize on the same (or a closely related) grass species; in addition, four closely related species appear to be restricted to Bouteloua curtipendula . Few if any specialists colonize their host throughout its entire range. Ecological factors such as phenology and/or host patchiness strongly influence geographic distribution. An intuitive phylogeny is proposed and is used as a basis for constructing 18 character transformations. The genus Flexamia probably originated in Mexico by division of an ancestral lineage from which the modern genus Spartopyge also diverged.","PeriodicalId":447367,"journal":{"name":"Great Basin naturalist memoirs","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128322147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Afronisia , a new African genus of Meenoplidae(Homoptera: Fulgoroidea)","authors":"M. Wilson","doi":"10.5962/bhl.part.10988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.10988","url":null,"abstract":"The new genus Afronisia is founded with Eponisia albovittata Fennah as the type-species. Eponisia brunnescens Synave, E. Flavescens Synave, E. pallida Linnavuori, and Nisia muiri Metcalf are transferred to this genus, and E. albinervosa Muir is placed in synonymy with Kermesia albinervosa Muir. Two new species are described: Afronisia bredoi , from Zaire, and A. gembuensis , from Nigeria. Keys are provided for separation of the African genera of Kermesiinae and for the seven species of Afronisia that are described and figured.","PeriodicalId":447367,"journal":{"name":"Great Basin naturalist memoirs","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116677582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}