Biotechnology eJournal最新文献_第2页

Chemical Sectioning Fluorescence Tomography: High-Throughput, High-Contrast, Multicolor, Whole-Brain Imaging at Subcellular Resolution 化学切片荧光断层扫描:高通量、高对比度、多色、亚细胞分辨率全脑成像

Biotechnology eJournal Pub Date : 2020-09-23 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3677215

Xiaojun Wang, Yurong Liu, H. Xiong, Tao Yang, A. Li, Fei Huang, Fangfang Yin, L. Su, Ling Liu, Ning Li, Longhui Li, Shenghua Cheng, Xiaoxiang Liu, Xiaohua Lv, Xiuli Liu, Jun Chu, T. Xu, Fuqiang Xu, H. Gong, Qingming Luo, Jing Yuan, S. Zeng

{"title":"Chemical Sectioning Fluorescence Tomography: High-Throughput, High-Contrast, Multicolor, Whole-Brain Imaging at Subcellular Resolution","authors":"Xiaojun Wang, Yurong Liu, H. Xiong, Tao Yang, A. Li, Fei Huang, Fangfang Yin, L. Su, Ling Liu, Ning Li, Longhui Li, Shenghua Cheng, Xiaoxiang Liu, Xiaohua Lv, Xiuli Liu, Jun Chu, T. Xu, Fuqiang Xu, H. Gong, Qingming Luo, Jing Yuan, S. Zeng","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3677215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3677215","url":null,"abstract":"A thorough neuroanatomical study of the brain architecture is crucial for understanding its cellular compositions, connections, and working mechanisms. However, the fine- and multiscale features of neuron structures make it challenging for microscopic imaging, as it requires high contrast and high throughput simultaneously. Here, we propose chemical sectioning fluorescence tomography (CSFT) to solve this problem. By chemically switching OFF/ON the fluorescent state of the labeled proteins (FPs), we light only the top layer as thin as submicron for imaging without background interference. Combined with the wide-field fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST) system, we have shown multicolor CSFT imaging. We also demonstrate mouse whole-brain imaging at the subcellular resolution, as well as the power for quantitative acquisition of synaptic-connection-related pyramidal dendritic spines and axon boutons on the brain-wide scale at the complete single-neuron level. We believe that the CSFT method would greatly facilitate our understanding of the brain-wide neuron networks.","PeriodicalId":446238,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology eJournal","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130050601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Low Immunogenicity Pericardia from Gene Knockout Pigs as Biological Valve Materials 基因敲除猪低免疫原性心包作为生物瓣膜材料

Biotechnology eJournal Pub Date : 2020-08-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3674057

Li Yang, Yunbing Wang, Kailei Ding, Chaonan Xiao, Yang Lei, Ming-yue Du, Dengke Pan, Xiumei Guo

{"title":"Low Immunogenicity Pericardia from Gene Knockout Pigs as Biological Valve Materials","authors":"Li Yang, Yunbing Wang, Kailei Ding, Chaonan Xiao, Yang Lei, Ming-yue Du, Dengke Pan, Xiumei Guo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3674057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3674057","url":null,"abstract":"The immunogenicity of heterogeneous pericardium is a major factor causing the failure of commercial biological valves. Both decellularization and glutaraldehyde crosslinking can reduce the immunogenicity of pericardium, but it is difficult to completely remove it. Getting gene knockout pigs is considered a highly efficient method to obtain low-immunogenic biological tissues, including the pericardium. Our results showed that repeated cycles of decellularization could obviously reduce the residual DNA in tissues for pigs without gene knockout, but at the same time they could also break down the components of pericardia, resulting in a decline in mechanical properties. We compared the mechanical and biological properties of the glutaraldehyde crosslinked pericardia of GGTA1 knockout pig, GGTA1/CMAH knockout pig, GGTA1/β4GalNT2 knockout pig and wild type (WT) pig. The mechanical properties of the pericardia of GGTA1 knockout pig and GGTA1/CMAH knockout pig were similar to those of control pig (WT), and the experimental results of subdermal implantation in rats showed significantly reduced immune rejection and calcification. Pulsatile flow and fatigue in vitro tests showed that the fabricated artificial aortic valve met the hydrodynamic requirements after 2×10^8 accelerated fatigue cycles. Gene knockout pigs have great potential in the application of artificial biological valve products.","PeriodicalId":446238,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology eJournal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127229094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radiopaque Scaffolds Based on Electrospun Iodixanol/Polycaprolactone Nanofibrous Composites 基于静电纺碘二醇/聚己内酯纳米纤维复合材料的不透光支架

Biotechnology eJournal Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3610467

J. Perez, Burapol Singhana, J. Damasco, Linfeng Lu, Paul Behlau, R. Rojo, E. Whitley, F. Heralde, A. Melancon, Steven Y. Huang, Marites Pasuelo Marites Pasuelo Melancon

{"title":"Radiopaque Scaffolds Based on Electrospun Iodixanol/Polycaprolactone Nanofibrous Composites","authors":"J. Perez, Burapol Singhana, J. Damasco, Linfeng Lu, Paul Behlau, R. Rojo, E. Whitley, F. Heralde, A. Melancon, Steven Y. Huang, Marites Pasuelo Marites Pasuelo Melancon","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3610467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3610467","url":null,"abstract":"Grafts based on biodegradable polymer scaffolds are increasingly used in tissue-engineering applications as they facilitate natural tissue regeneration. However, monitoring the position and integrity of these scaffolds over time is challenging due to radiolucency. In this study, we used an electrospinning method to fabricate biodegradable scaffolds based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and iodixanol, a clinical contrast agent. Scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously into C57BL/6 mice and monitored in vivo using longitudinal X-ray imaging and micro-computed tomography (CT). The addition of iodixanol altered the physicochemical properties of the PCL scaffold; notably, as the iodixanol concentration increased, the fiber diameter decreased. Radiopacity was achieved with corresponding signal enhancement as iodine concentration increased while exhibiting a steady time-dependent decrease of 0.96% per day in vivo. The electrospun scaffolds had similar performance with tissue culture-treated polystyrene in supporting the attachment, viability, and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Furthermore, implanted PCL-I scaffolds had more intense acute inflammatory infiltrate and thicker layers of maturing fibrous tissue. In conclusion, we developed radiopaque, biodegradable, biocompatible scaffolds whose position and integrity can be monitored noninvasively. The successful development of other imaging enhancers may further expand the use of biodegradable scaffolds in tissue engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":446238,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology eJournal","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116881532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Facial Recognition Technology 面部识别技术

Biotechnology eJournal Pub Date : 2020-06-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3622882

Sikender Mohsienuddin Mohammad

{"title":"Facial Recognition Technology","authors":"Sikender Mohsienuddin Mohammad","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3622882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3622882","url":null,"abstract":"Facial Recognition Technology (FRT) emerged as a solution to address several contemporary needs of identifying and verifying an individual's identity. It fulfills the biometric system requirements, which tries to recognize the status of an individual by using features distinctive from the body and functionalities that are more familiar with the operation of visual surveillance. This report develops an analysis that connects the socio-scientific literature with the technology on FTR and addresses the concerns and challenges attached to the development, evolutional, and the operational usage that are specific, the contexts, and goals. It highlights the problematic, potentials, and the limitations of the technology. The report also identifies the tasks that the FRT seems to be ready to deploy, the areas with specified obstacles, and how to overcome them by the developments of future technology and operating procedures of sound. It also addresses specific issues that appear to interact with technology. It is also concerned with the ethical considerations on the extent of efficacy. The report's findings are further broken down into different categories to understand further the evaluation, performance, operation, policy concerns, and political and moral operations. So far, the technology has been implemented in several fields to enable monitoring and surveillance. In this background, the report also addresses the FRT alterations on the nature of the authoritarian and lines that are oppressive in the United States as the primary focus.","PeriodicalId":446238,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology eJournal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115975903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Assessing the Removal of Heavy Metals using Emerging and Intensifying Technology of Emulsion Liquid Membrane with Ionic Liquid 离子液体乳状液膜新兴强化技术对重金属的去除效果评价

Biotechnology eJournal Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3601713

Q. Al-Obaidi, J. Monroe, Hannah Smith, Zaid Haha, M. Al-Dahhan

引用次数: 1

An Overview of the Properties and Biomedical Applications of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes 多壁碳纳米管的性质及生物医学应用综述

Biotechnology eJournal Pub Date : 2020-03-04 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3548429

D. Behera, Smrutirekha Das, Rakhi Jha

引用次数: 2

Comparative Analysis of Coir and Rattan Fiber Composites for Bulletproof Jacket Vest Application 纤维与藤纤维复合材料在防弹衣背心中的应用对比分析

Biotechnology eJournal Pub Date : 2019-09-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3446555

Tushal Kalkani, Nikunh Rachch, P. Ujeniya

引用次数: 1

Current Perspectives and Challenges in the Pharmaceutical, Life Science and Healthcare Sectors 制药、生命科学和医疗保健行业的当前前景和挑战

Biotechnology eJournal Pub Date : 2019-07-26 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3427035

Natalia Haraszkiewicz-Birkemeier, Artur Hołda

引用次数: 3

A Dft+U Study of the Oxidation of Cobalt Nanoparticles: Implications for Biomedical Applications 钴纳米颗粒氧化的Dft+U研究:对生物医学应用的影响

Biotechnology eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3339837

B. Farkaš, D. Santos-Carballal, Abdelaziz Cadi-Essadek, N. D. de Leeuw

{"title":"A Dft+U Study of the Oxidation of Cobalt Nanoparticles: Implications for Biomedical Applications","authors":"B. Farkaš, D. Santos-Carballal, Abdelaziz Cadi-Essadek, N. D. de Leeuw","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3339837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3339837","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nanomaterials – magnetic nanoparticles in particular have been shown to have significant potential in cancer theranostics, where iron oxides are commonly the materials of choice. While biocompatibility presents an advantage, the low magnetisation is a barrier to their widespread use. As a result, highly magnetic cobalt nanoparticles are attracting increasing attention as a promising alternative. Precise control of the physiochemical properties of such magnetic systems used in biomedicine is crucial, however, it is difficult to test their behaviour in vivo. In the present work, density functional theory calculations with the Dudarev approach (DFT+U) have been used to model the adsorption of oxygen on low Miller index surfaces of the hexagonal phase of cobalt. In vivo conditions of temperature and oxygen partial pressure in the blood have been considered, and the effects of oxidation on the overall properties of cobalt nanoparticles are described. It is shown that oxygen adsorbs spontaneously on all surfaces with the formation of non-magnetic cobalt tetroxide, Co3O4, at body temperature, confirming that, despite their promising magnetic properties, bare cobalt nanoparticles would not be suitable for biomedical applications. Surface modifications could be designed to preserve their favourable characteristics for future utilisation.","PeriodicalId":446238,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology eJournal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121892856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Influence of Equal Channel Angular Processing and Rotary Swaging on the Mechanical and Degradation Properties of WE43 Mg Alloy 等径角加工和旋转锻压对WE43镁合金力学性能和退化性能的影响

Biotechnology eJournal Pub Date : 2019-01-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3313274

F. D’Elia, Philipp Hiester, Carlo Zimmermann, I. Schestakow, J. Horky, M. Krystian, A. Kopp

{"title":"Influence of Equal Channel Angular Processing and Rotary Swaging on the Mechanical and Degradation Properties of WE43 Mg Alloy","authors":"F. D’Elia, Philipp Hiester, Carlo Zimmermann, I. Schestakow, J. Horky, M. Krystian, A. Kopp","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3313274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3313274","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium alloy WE43 has high potential for use as biodegradable implants due to its high strength, good corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. In fact, the only two current CE-labelled market available Mg resorbable implants (i.e. MAGNEZIX compression screw and Magmaris scaffold) are both produced from a WE43-based alloy. Nevertheless, to further enhance the use of WE43 in biomedical applications, improvements in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are desired. Equal channel angular processing (ECAP) and rotary swaging (RS) are two severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods enabling ultra-fine grain structure and subsequently enhanced mechanical properties and reduced degradation rate. Numerous studies have been carried out on the feasibility of processing metals using such methods, but research on use in Mg alloys is limited. In this research, WE43 Mg alloy was processed by extrusion followed by subsequent processing by ECAP or RS. Extensive microscopy was carried out using optical and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and texture measurements were performed using EBSD. Finally, mechanical testing and evaluation of degradation using hydrogen evolution tests were carried out. The results suggest that grain size was significantly reduced by both ECAP and RS resulting in increased strength for both conditions. However, strong basal texture and bimodal grain structure in swaged WE43 resulted in poor ductility and degradation performance, thereby suggesting ECAP as the more promising processing route for enhancing the use of WE43 in biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":446238,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology eJournal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125070314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1