2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)最新文献

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The level-2 muon trigger at D0 二级介子在D0触发
2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149) Pub Date : 2000-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949929
M. Fortner, A. Maciel, H. Evans, B. Kothari, S. Uzunyan
{"title":"The level-2 muon trigger at D0","authors":"M. Fortner, A. Maciel, H. Evans, B. Kothari, S. Uzunyan","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949929","url":null,"abstract":"The upgraded D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron will feature a new three level trigger based on physics object recognition. The Level-2 muon trigger is required to use the timing data from the muon wire chambers and scintillator to find track segments, and then match those segments with Level-1 muon and fiber tracker trigger information. To accomplish this task the Level-2 muon trigger features a three stage approach. The first stage uses a parallel set of custom VME cards that route data through a high speed and configurable bus to a series of 200 MHz Texas Instruments DSPs. This will reduce the large data volume distributed over some 140 sources to a manageable set of 3D track stubs from the 15 cards. Data from these boards are combined to form muon track candidates in the second stage using another custom board built around a 500 MHz Digital Alpha processor chip. In the the third stage another Alpha-based board matches the muon tracks with tracks found in the central tracking trigger and is able to correlate those muons with other physics objects in the event such as jets. Queueing simulations of the system running at a rate consistent with the expected input rate and desired background rejection have shown that the Level-2 muon trigger will produce a dead time less than 5%.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122194371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Pressure dependence of secondary NIR scintillation 二次近红外闪烁的压力依赖性
2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149) Pub Date : 2000-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949102
M. Fraga, C. C. Bueno, J. Gonçalves, F. Fraga, R. Ferreira Marques, A. Policarpo
{"title":"Pressure dependence of secondary NIR scintillation","authors":"M. Fraga, C. C. Bueno, J. Gonçalves, F. Fraga, R. Ferreira Marques, A. Policarpo","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949102","url":null,"abstract":"The variation with the charge gain of the total number of photons emitted per electron, in the visible and NIR regions (0.4</spl lambda/<1 /spl mu/m), in Ar/CF/sub 4/ mixtures, is investigated for CF/sub 4/ concentrations below 15%. Measurements are performed in a uniform field configuration and results are presented for charge gains below 100, under X-ray excitation. The spectral distribution of the emitted light in Ar/CF/sub 4/ mixtures is also analyzed. The pressure dependence (1-5 atm) of the secondary light output, in the visible and near infrared regions (NIR) is studied as a function of the reduced electric field E/P for pure argon and argon-tetrafluoromethane mixtures. Above charge multiplication threshold, the number of NIR photons decreases with increasing pressure.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129584075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Performance evaluation of the plate and array types of NaI(Tl), CsI(Tl) and CsI(Na) for small gamma camera using PSPMT 利用PSPMT对小型伽玛相机的NaI(Tl)、CsI(Tl)和CsI(Na)板阵列性能进行评价
2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149) Pub Date : 2000-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949358
H. K. Seo, Y. Choi, J.H. Kim, K. Im, S. Woo, Y. S. Choe, K.-H. Lee, S.E. Kim, Y. Choi, B.-T. kim
{"title":"Performance evaluation of the plate and array types of NaI(Tl), CsI(Tl) and CsI(Na) for small gamma camera using PSPMT","authors":"H. K. Seo, Y. Choi, J.H. Kim, K. Im, S. Woo, Y. S. Choe, K.-H. Lee, S.E. Kim, Y. Choi, B.-T. kim","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949358","url":null,"abstract":"The intrinsic performances of the plate and array types of NaI(Tl), CsI(Tl) and CsI(Na) were measured to evaluate the characteristics of the popular scintillators employed for the development of small gamma cameras. Sensitivities, energy resolution and spatial resolution of the six scintillators, optically coupled to a Hamamatsu R3941 PSPMT, were measured for 140 keV using a gamma camera developed in the authors' laboratory. All the array type scintillators presented good spatial resolution (<2 mm) and the plate type scintillators provided better sensitivities than the array type scintillators. NaI(Tl)-plate showed the best sensitivity and energy resolution (16.8%) but the worst spatial resolution (1.3 mm) but the worst sensitivity. Among the plate type scintillators, CsI(Tl) provided good sensitivity and energy resolution (18.2%) close to the plate type scintillators with modest sacrifice in spatial resolution.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129585493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Digital signal processing and algorithms for gamma-ray tracking 伽玛射线跟踪的数字信号处理和算法
2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149) Pub Date : 2000-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949895
W. Gast, R. Lieder, L. Mihailescu, M. Rossewij, H. Brands, A. Georgiev, J. Stein, T. Kroll
{"title":"Digital signal processing and algorithms for gamma-ray tracking","authors":"W. Gast, R. Lieder, L. Mihailescu, M. Rossewij, H. Brands, A. Georgiev, J. Stein, T. Kroll","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949895","url":null,"abstract":"Gamma-ray tracking is a new concept to improve efficiency and sensitivity of the next generation, high resolution /spl gamma/-ray spectrometers. Tracing multiple scattered /spl gamma/-rays inside an array of large volume composite, segmented Ge-detectors, the photo energies of the individual /spl gamma/-rays and their incident directions can be precisely reconstructed. This results in an improved efficiency and peak-to-total ratio, and a reduced Doppler-broadening. The reconstruction efficiency depends on how accurate the positions, where the /spl gamma/-rays interact with the Ge-crystals, can be localized. Novel digital signal processing hardware modules and related software algorithms are described, which allow an on-line determination of the energies, times, and interaction positions of the /spl gamma/-rays by analyzing the shapes of the charge signals induced on the segments.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129855407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
A compact and fast photon detector for COSY-status report on the design study 一种紧凑快速的用于cosy的光子探测器的设计研究
2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149) Pub Date : 2000-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949133
R. Novotny, R. Beck, W. Doring, V. Hejny, K. Romer, H. Stroher
{"title":"A compact and fast photon detector for COSY-status report on the design study","authors":"R. Novotny, R. Beck, W. Doring, V. Hejny, K. Romer, H. Stroher","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949133","url":null,"abstract":"A compact photon detector with nearly 4/spl pi/-coverage in solid angle has been proposed to be implemented into the magnetic spectrometer ANKE at COSY, Julich. Based on the physics program and experimental constraints a first concept will be presented. As part of the R&D program, the response to monoenergetic photons between 45 and 770 MeV has been measured at the tagged photon facility at MAMI, Mainz for arrays consisting of large CeF/sub 3/ and PbWO/sub 4/ scintillation detectors. The applicability of a fine-mesh photomultiplier (Hamamatsu R5505) has been tested in static and variable magnetic fields.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128723819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A 3D filtered back-projection algorithm for SPECT using a multi-segment rotating slant-hole collimator 基于多段旋转斜孔准直器的SPECT三维滤波反投影算法
2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149) Pub Date : 2000-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.950038
Y. Wang, D. Wessell, E. Frey, B. Tsui
{"title":"A 3D filtered back-projection algorithm for SPECT using a multi-segment rotating slant-hole collimator","authors":"Y. Wang, D. Wessell, E. Frey, B. Tsui","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.950038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.950038","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to develop, implement and evaluate a 3D filtered back-projection (FBP) algorithm for SPECT using a multi-segment rotating slant-hole (RSH) collimator. Previously, the authors derived a 3D frequency-domain filter function used in a back-projection filtering (BPF) algorithm for multi-segment RSH SPECT. The 3D orientation of the projection direction from each segment, each collimator rotation angle and each collimator-camera position defines a 2D central section through the center of the 3D BPF reconstruction filter. For FBP, these central sections are determined analytically from the mathematical expression of 3D BPF filter, and are re-scaled and rotated before filtering the corresponding projections to avoid interpolation. The FBP algorithm was implemented to reconstruct simulated and experimentally acquired SPECT data from a four-segment RSH collimator. The reconstructed images were compared to those from BPF. The results of FBP are comparable to BPF, and with reduced low-intensity image artifacts. It is concluded that FBP is a superior alternative to BPF for RSH SPECT. It provides accurate reconstruction in relatively short computing time. In addition, it requires less computer memory, permits on-the-fly image reconstruction during data acquisition, and may facilitate additional processing during reconstruction to reduce truncation artifacts.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128334658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Geometrical response modeling in fan-beam collimators. A numerical simulation 扇形光束准直器的几何响应建模。数值模拟
2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149) Pub Date : 2000-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949321
D. Pareto, A. Cot, C. Falcón, I. Juvells, J. Pavía, D. Ros
{"title":"Geometrical response modeling in fan-beam collimators. A numerical simulation","authors":"D. Pareto, A. Cot, C. Falcón, I. Juvells, J. Pavía, D. Ros","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949321","url":null,"abstract":"Iterative reconstruction algorithms require modeling of the PSF of the collimator in order to correct the loss of resolution in SPECT. In this paper a method of modeling the geometric response of a fan beam collimator is proposed. The geometric PSF is obtained by numerical simulation based on ray tracing techniques. The versatility of the numerical simulation allows one to generate the array of holes with a distance between holes varying as an angular function, thus being suitable for real distributions of holes. The volume of the simulated PSFs was calculated in order to determine the relative sensitivity and Gaussian functions were fitted to obtain the resolution. Functions depending on the intrinsic parameters of the collimator and of the co-ordinates of the source were fitted to the individual PSF. Thus, the method allows one to determine both the spatial resolution and the sensitivity as a function of the source co-ordinates. The validity of the modelisation functions was checked by comparing the predicted results with those obtained from experimental measurements. The authors' findings show that the predicted values for the relative sensitivity and for the resolution match accurately the experimental values, with a correlation coefficient of 0.997 for sensitivity and 0.996 for resolution.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128643473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Cerium-doped oxide single-crystal films for biological and radiation monitoring 生物和辐射监测用掺铈氧化物单晶薄膜
2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149) Pub Date : 2000-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949115
Y. Zorenko, V. Gorbenko, I. Konstankevych, M. Globus, B. Grinyov, M. Ratner
{"title":"Cerium-doped oxide single-crystal films for biological and radiation monitoring","authors":"Y. Zorenko, V. Gorbenko, I. Konstankevych, M. Globus, B. Grinyov, M. Ratner","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949115","url":null,"abstract":"Cerium-doped oxide single crystal films (SCF) on Y3Al5O12 substrate are grown and investigated for various applications: biological monitoring (with the use of Lu3Al5O12:Ce X-ray screens) and radiation monitoring of alpha- and beta-active nuclides (using Y3A15O12:Ce). Optical, luminescence and scintillation characteristics of Lu3Al5O12:Ce SCF doped by isoelectronic impurities La, Y, Sc are explored. The addition of Tb or a mixture of La and Y enhances light yield SCF relative to Y3A15O12:Ce by the factor of 1.1 to 1.5. The incorporation of Lu/sup 3+/ ions in octa-sites of the lattice enhances X-ray absorption by the factor of 2.5 to 3 for the energy range 18-60 keV. This permits one to reduce the SCF thickness down to 1.0-2.0 micron. Y3A15O12:Ce SCF has energy resolution of 8.3% and the light yield up to 0.4 of that of CsI:Tl (the absolute light yield being close to 12200 photons/MeV). Phoswich detectors are investigated which consist of two SCF for registering alpha- and beta-particles on a bulk single-crystal substrate for registering gamma-photons. Garnet-based combined scintillators can be used in aggressive environments, under rigid temperature conditions and powerful irradiation.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124718153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sealed gas UV-photon detector with a multi-GEM multiplier 密封气体紫外光子探测器与一个多gem倍增器
2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149) Pub Date : 2000-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949255
A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, E. Shefer, B.K. Singh
{"title":"Sealed gas UV-photon detector with a multi-GEM multiplier","authors":"A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, E. Shefer, B.K. Singh","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949255","url":null,"abstract":"A sealed gas photon detector with a GEM (gas electron multiplier) cascade coupled to a semitransparent CsI photocathode has been studied. High gains, reaching 10/sup 6/, and fast anode signals, of a width of 15 ns, were obtained with this GEM-photomultiplier in Ar/CH/sub 4/ (95/5), in a photon counting mode. The lifetime of this first prototype detector under high photon flux and large anode currents is provided.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129451529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Compensation of missing projection data for MDAPET camera MDAPET相机投影数据缺失补偿
2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149) Pub Date : 2000-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949200
H. Baghaei, Hongdi Li, J. Uribe, Yu Wang, W. Wong
{"title":"Compensation of missing projection data for MDAPET camera","authors":"H. Baghaei, Hongdi Li, J. Uribe, Yu Wang, W. Wong","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949200","url":null,"abstract":"The MDAPET camera is a prototype multiring PET scanner with variable transaxial field of view (FOV) that allows for the resizing of the patient opening for optimizing the detection sensitivity for different body cross-sections. This variable FOV feature introduces gaps between the modules: which cause gaps in the sinograms. To fill the gaps, the camera is rotated during data acquisition. The authors have studied the possibility of not rotating the gantry in the brain mode, where the gaps are smallest, and estimating the missing data. For three-dimensional (3D) data, three methods of compensation were evaluated. Without any compensation, artifacts dominated the images. In the first method, the missing data were estimated using linear interpolation in the angular direction of the sinogram. In the second method, the missing data for each pixel was estimated using the average value of several pixels in the angular direction. In the third method, the missing data were first estimated using the averaging or linear interpolation method to construct preliminary images. These images were then used to create new projections and by appropriate weighting these new data were used to fill the gaps in the original data. The authors also evaluated the effect of rebinning the 3D sinograms into two-dimensional (2D) sinograms and then performing a 2D image reconstruction. All the methods produced almost artifact-free images. But none were able to match the quality of the images reconstructed from the 3D data that were acquired with gantry rotation.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"146 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129867829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
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