Family Medicine and Primary Care Review最新文献

{"title":"Depression and its associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS attending the HIV/AIDS CLINIC in Southwest Nigeria","authors":"O. Adewole, O. Olagundoye, Ibijoke O Ajumobi","doi":"10.5114/FMPCR.2021.103149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/FMPCR.2021.103149","url":null,"abstract":"Study Design, B – Data Collection, C – Statistical Analysis, D – Data Interpretation, E – Manuscript Preparation, F – Literature Search, G – Funds Collection Background. Mental health disorders have received little attention amongst people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). De pression is the most common psychiatric consequence of HIV/AIDS diagnosis. Its prevalence is higher among PLWHA than the general population. Objectives. To determine the prevalence of depression, to identify its associated factors and, lastly, to determine its association with treatment outcome measures among PLWHA on antiretroviral therapy (ART) aged ≥ 18 years receiving care at the HIV clinic of General Hospital, Lagos. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted using the systematic random sampling method to select participants over a period of 14 weeks. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was designed to capture socio-demographic, behavioural, psy -chosocial, HIV and health-related information, as well as the clinical data of the participants. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression. The relationships between depression and other participants’ characteristics were tested with Pear son’s chi-squared ( χ 2 ) test. Logistic regression analysis was used to minimise confounding, and the level of statistical significance was set as a p -value of ≤ 0.05. Results. The total of 279 respondents, with a mean age of 43.1 ± 10.3 years, were predominantly females (67.7%). The prevalence of depression among the participants was 24%. Factors such as occupation ( p = 0.041; 95% CI, 0.43 to 3.63), alcohol intake ( p = 0.036; 95% CI, 0.62 to 3.82), cohabitation ( p = 0.025; 95% CI, 1.43 to 3.82), stigmatisation ( p = 0.008; 95% CI, 0.92 to 3.70) and personal history of depression ( p < 0.001; 95% CI: 1.75 to 6.38) showed statistically significant relationships with depression. Conclusions. The burden of depression is high among PLWHA. Identifying and unravelling factors associated with depression among PLWHA and advocacy against stigmatisation will play a significant role in reducing this burden.","PeriodicalId":44481,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Primary Care Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of dyslipidemia in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in primary health care","authors":"J. Ferraro, I. Rosendo, L. Santiago, J. A. Simões","doi":"10.5114/FMPCR.2021.103150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/FMPCR.2021.103150","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is associated with several morbidities. The most important ones are obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. A clear relationship of OSAS and dyslipidemia is yet to be demonstrated. Objectives. To evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia as a morbidity associated with OSAS and to understand its relationship with the severity of OSAS. Material and methods. We randomly selected 92 patients diagnosed until the end of May 2016 with OSAS from two primary health care units and 184 patients as controls (no OSAS diagnosed) from random lists of patients matched in age and gender with patients with OSAS. We calculated the prevalence of the classified comorbidities (overweight, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia) in both groups. We used logistic regression to check the association between them. We evaluated the relationship between dyslipidemia and OSAS severity by using the Apnea/Hypopnea Index (AHI). Results. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 80% in patients with OSAS. Patients with OSAS were diagnosed as overweight (97%), had arterial hypertension (89%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (43%). OSAS was not independently related to type 2 diabetes mel litus ( p = 0.101) and to dyslipidemia ( p = 0.389). However, overweight and arterial hypertension were related independently to OSAS ( p < 0.001) with a risk for OSAS. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with mild, moderate and severe OSAS was 22%, 13% and 25%, respectively. Conclusions. Patients with OSAS have a high prevalence of dyslipidemia despite not being independently related. There were no sta tistical differences between patients with mild, moderate and severe OSAS.","PeriodicalId":44481,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Primary Care Review","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D supplementation on the risk of cardiovascular diseases","authors":"R. Ghassab","doi":"10.5114/FMPCR.2021.103161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/FMPCR.2021.103161","url":null,"abstract":"Studies revealed an association between vitamin D deficiency and the frequency of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors. This review is aimed at summarizing evidence for the association of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D supplementation with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The data was collected by surfing the Pubmed, Cochrane Central Registry and EMBASE databases for appropriate and related studies. Search terms included: “Vitamin D”, “cardiovascular diseases”, “CVD”, “calcitriol” and “1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D”. The abstracts of the discovered articles were reviewed, and the full texts of the articles that met the criteria were then evaluated to be used for the study. The large number of clinical trials, cross-sectional, prospective and systematic review studies are evidence that vitamin D deficiency is associated with most cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and with the pathogenesis of CVD. However, with regard to the clinical trial studies evaluated in this work, vitamin D supplementation did not decrease the occurrence of cardiovascular events.","PeriodicalId":44481,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Primary Care Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength with body composition among adults","authors":"Nadia Babaei, Samira Davarzani, Mojdeh Ebaditabar, K. Djafarian, S. Shab-Bidar","doi":"10.5114/FMPCR.2021.105905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/FMPCR.2021.105905","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CrF) was reported to be associated with anthropometric measurements, including body mass, body mass index (bMi), fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM). This study aimed to investigate the impact of FM and FFM on muscle strength and CrF. Material and methods. This study was carried out on 270 randomly selected adults in Tehran, iran. anthropometric measurements, including weight, bMi, FM and FFM, were assessed using a bio-impedance analyzer (bia) (inbody 720, biospace, Tokyo, Japan). Muscle strength and CrF were assessed by handgrip dynamometer and bruce graded treadmill protocol, respectively. The international Physical activity Questionnaire (iPaQ) was used to measure health-related physical activity. a p-value less than 0.05 was statistically significant. Results. Significant associations were found between maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and muscle strength with FM and FFM (p < 0.001). after adjusting for confounders, the association of VO2 max with FFM remained significant (p < 0.001). Muscle strength was significantly associated with FM (p = 0.036) and FFM (p < 0.001) after adjustment for confounders. Conclusions. high FM was associated with poor CrF, and low fat-free mass was related to poor muscle strength. FM and FFM can be good indices for CrF fitness in adults. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":44481,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Primary Care Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organization of volunteers in the healthcare system and the type of services provided by them during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Peygham Heidarpoor, M. Maniati, M. Cheraghi, M. Beheshtinasab, P. Afshari","doi":"10.5114/fmpcr.2021.105909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2021.105909","url":null,"abstract":"Background. In the event of accidents and disasters, the presence of volunteers, if not organized, can sometimes worsen the situation instead of improving it. Objectives. This research was aimed at the ways of organizing volunteers in the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic in the southwest of Iran. Material and method. This questionnaire-based descriptive study was conducted on 140 volunteer health workers either active in providing services to COVID-19 patients or on the waiting list. The participants were selected using convenience sampling. They completed the information form, which was analyzed after collection using SPSS version 22. Results. The 140 volunteers' mean age was 32.5 with a standard deviation of 7.5. Of these volunteers, 62.1% had volunteered to serve since the first days of the outbreak. According to the participants of this study, the management of volunteers was spontaneous under the supervision of the official and state system, and the vast majority of them considered the official healthcare system's reception of volunteers as positive but saw the bureaucracy as a major obstacle to recruiting volunteers, especially nursing and midwifery graduates. Finally, the participants' motive for volunteering was found to be a sense of personal responsibility and human duty. Conclusions. Proper planning, organization and management of volunteers in an epidemic situation should be taken into account by healthcare officials in order to receive the highest efficiency in times of crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":44481,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Primary Care Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of exposure to primary care clinics during Family Medicine residency: evidence from a training program in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. Althageel, Mohammad Khan, R. Abdulkader, Noorulzaman Mohaideen, Basema Alkhudair, K. Alanazi, Yazeed Alsuliman","doi":"10.5114/fmpcr.2021.108187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2021.108187","url":null,"abstract":"1 King Salman bin Abdulaziz Hospital, First Health Cluster (C1), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India 3 Post Graduate Training Center for Family Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 4 Department of Public Health, General Directorate of Health Affairs in Riyadh Region, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi arabia","PeriodicalId":44481,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Primary Care Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71081139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-related quality of life in sandwich generation Iranian women","authors":"Azadeh Zangenehpour, P. Abedi, M. Javadnoori, A. Malehi","doi":"10.5114/FMPCR.2021.105934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/FMPCR.2021.105934","url":null,"abstract":"A – Study design, B – Data Collection, C – Statistical Analysis, D – Data Interpretation, E – Manuscript Preparation, F – literature Search, G – Funds Collection Background. Women play an important role in family caregiving, but there is inconclusive information about the effect of caregiving on women’s quality of life. The contradictory effects of caregiving on the physical and emotional health of caregivers have been reported. Objectives. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and multi-generational caregiving. Material and methods. This is a case-control study conducted in Ahvaz, Iran, on 360 family caregiver women: 180 women as sandwich generation caregivers who cared for family members in addition to caring for their own children, at least 21 hours per week for 6 months; and 180 women in the control group who only cared for their own children. Health-related quality of life was compared in the two groups. The two groups were matched regarding age, the number of children and socio-economic status. Data was analyzed using the chi-square test and ANCOVA test. Results. There was no significant difference between the sandwich generation and control groups in terms of the total score of health--related quality of life and its eight domains, as well as the scores of physical and mental health component summaries. Conclusions. It may be suggested that HRQoL is not negatively affected by sandwich generation caregiving in Iranian women. Cultural and religious factors prevent significant negative effects on health-related quality of life.","PeriodicalId":44481,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Primary Care Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71081553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of vitamin C supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients: a double-blind, prospective, randomized, controlled trial in Egypt","authors":"H. Salama, Dina Elsaka, M. Diab, S. Ahmed, N. Mansour","doi":"10.5114/fmpcr.2021.108202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2021.108202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44481,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Primary Care Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71082150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the factors affecting the health literacy levels of patients admitted to family health centers","authors":"Özgül Örsal, P. Duru, Ö. Örsal, K. Tırpan, Abdullah Çulhacı","doi":"10.5114/fmpcr.2021.108199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2021.108199","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Health literacy is a holistic structure of belief systems and personal philosophy, which consists of functional, critical, and communication skills that explain medical decision-making. Objectives. The study aimed to determine the levels of health literacy and the variables that affect it in patients who were admitted to family health centers (FHCs). Material and methods. This cross-sectional study, which was performed in a Central Anatolia City (Eskisehir), included patients who were admitted to FHCs (n = 1,055) between May and June 2017. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of 27 questions about the patient’s sociodemographic characteristics, the resources that are available to them with health-related information, their accessibility to this information and healthcare institutions, and the Turkish Health Literacy Scale. Results. The mean health literacy score of the participants was 29.57 ± 9.27. Health literacy levels of participants were problematic in 38.6% and inadequate in 27.5% of the subjects. According to the results of logistic regression analysis, the probability of having a high level of health literacy in FHC patients was halved for each age increase; it increased by 2.5-fold for graduates of secondary education, by 3.1-fold for high-school graduates, by 3.3-fold for those holding an undergraduate degree, by 1.5-fold for participants who did not suffer from a disease that requires regular medication, by 2.7-fold for individuals most commonly admitted to private hospitals in case of any health problem or disease, and by 0.6-fold for subjects who did not see a family physician in the last six months. Conclusions. The health literacy level of the population of Eskisehir is affected by unchangeable and changeable factors.","PeriodicalId":44481,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Primary Care Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71082258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-related quality of life and caregiver’s burden in patients with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Seyedmohammad Mirhosseini, M. Bazghaleh, M. Basirinezhad, A. Abbasi, H. Ebrahimi","doi":"10.5114/FMPCR.2021.103184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/FMPCR.2021.103184","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Cancer and type 2 diabetes (T2D), as two groups of prevalent chronic diseases, are associated with different social, economic and emotional consequences, and they can change the quality of life (QoL) of their caregivers. Objectives. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between QoL and the burden on caregivers of patients with cancer and T2D. Material and methods. This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 308 caregivers of patients with cancer and T2D. Data collection tools included a demographic characteristics form, SF-36 quality of life form and care burden inventory (Novak and Guest). Data was collected using the convenience sampling method. Data analysis was then carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics (linear backward stepwise regression method). Results. The mean age of the caregivers of patients with cancer and T2D was 41.30 ± 13.12 and 41.86 ± 12.78 years, respectively. There was no significant difference between the mean score of care burden and QoL in the two groups of caregivers. There was a significant direct relationship between caregivers’ QoL and caregivers' disease and a significant inverse relationship between caregivers’ education and caring burden. Conclusions. Caregivers of patients with chronic diseases suffer from care burden, which negatively affects their QoL; thus, it is recommended to reduce the care burden, increasing their QoL by providing appropriate mental, psychological, and social support. Due to the negative impact of caring burden on caregivers’ QoL, care services for chronic patients in developing countries should be strengthened.","PeriodicalId":44481,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine and Primary Care Review","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}