{"title":"HIV stigma and its metaphors: Photos, symbols, and solutions","authors":"M. Teti, S. Epping, T. Myroniuk, R. Evans-Agnew","doi":"10.1080/15381501.2021.1911903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2021.1911903","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this study was to explore how PLWH use visual metaphors to describe and make sense of stigma. This study solicited PLWH’s experiences with stigma via photovoice—a participatory research method in which participants use images to identify, share, and advocate for their needs and experiences. Photographs and discussions centered on stigma as two-parted, including both challenge and resilience. Participants used eight different categories of visual metaphors to describe their experiences of stigma (e.g., how it felt, what it was like) and four different categories of visual metaphors to describe their resilience or resistance to stigma. Participant photography and photo-elicitation is an accessible method to combine arts and health, especially for discovering ways patients understand and explain their perceptions of difference. Creative photography can help patients express themselves, practitioners understand illness, and frame health promotion and prevention programs.","PeriodicalId":44452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV-AIDS & Social Services","volume":"20 1","pages":"97 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15381501.2021.1911903","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49471324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christopher Owens, Eva Voorheis, Nicole Struble, J. Lester, H. Green, D. Herbenick, R. Hubach, B. Dodge
{"title":"A community-based study of clients’ lived experiences of going through the rural HIV care continuum","authors":"Christopher Owens, Eva Voorheis, Nicole Struble, J. Lester, H. Green, D. Herbenick, R. Hubach, B. Dodge","doi":"10.1080/15381501.2021.1906819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2021.1906819","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This community-based study explored the lived experiences of being in and going through the rural HIV care continuum among 15 gay and bisexual men (GBM) with HIV who live in a rural area of a Midwestern state. Our analysis adapted a six-step interpretative phenomenological analysis. Five themes emerged that reflected the five continuum stages: 1) Diagnosis means death, 2) Linkage to care means uncertainty, 3) HIV care improves the quality of life lost pre- or peri-diagnosis, 4) ART implies life, and 5) Undetectable addresses the medical but not social aspects of HIV. Participants recalled they faced and continue to face social determinants, stigma, and chronic and mental health conditions. Findings provide future research directions and practical implications to address social determinants of health, promote chronic and mental health, and reduce interpersonal stigma throughout all HIV care continuum stages.","PeriodicalId":44452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV-AIDS & Social Services","volume":"20 1","pages":"33 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15381501.2021.1906819","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41761567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sharoda Dasgupta, Yunfeng Tie, Linda Beer, Dita Broz, Quan Vu
{"title":"Unmet needs and barriers to services among people who inject drugs with HIV in the United States.","authors":"Sharoda Dasgupta, Yunfeng Tie, Linda Beer, Dita Broz, Quan Vu","doi":"10.1080/15381501.2021.1970684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2021.1970684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data on use of and barriers to HIV ancillary care services among people who inject drugs (PWID) with HIV can inform interventions intended to improve access to care, but national estimates are lacking. We analyzed data on PWID with HIV from the CDC Medical Monitoring Project. Overall, 79% had an unmet need for ≥1 service. Services with the highest unmet need included: dental care (38%), drug/alcohol treatment (20%), transportation assistance (20%), and HIV peer group support (20%). Unmet needs for mental health services (13% vs. 23%) and HIV peer group support (15% vs. 29%) were lower among persons attending Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program (RWHAP)-funded facilities for HIV care. Barriers to care services varied by service type. Modeling components of the RWHAP structure in non-RWHAP funded facilities, including integration of support services and use of patient navigation services in the HIV medical care setting, may improve outcomes among PWID with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":44452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV-AIDS & Social Services","volume":"20 4","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10174110/pdf/nihms-1752758.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9468169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allison L Kimmel, Lisa J Messersmith, Angela R Bazzi, Meg M Sullivan, Jacqueline Boudreau, Mari-Lynn Drainoni
{"title":"Implementation of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis for women of color: Perspectives from healthcare providers and staff from three clinical settings.","authors":"Allison L Kimmel, Lisa J Messersmith, Angela R Bazzi, Meg M Sullivan, Jacqueline Boudreau, Mari-Lynn Drainoni","doi":"10.1080/15381501.2021.1887038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2021.1887038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Women of color (WOC) account for 83% of new HIV infections among women in the United States. While pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a safe, effective HIV prevention method for women, WOC are less likely to be prescribed PrEP than other populations. Guided by an implementation science research framework, we investigated the implementation of a PrEP initiative for WOC in a US city with high HIV incidence. Across three clinical sites, only three WOC were prescribed PrEP after one year. Analysis of qualitative interviews with clinic staff and providers identified time constraints, reluctance to prescribe PrEP, and discomfort with counseling as implementation barriers. Implementation facilitators included staff and leadership support for PrEP, alignment of PrEP services with organizational missions, and having a centralized PrEP Coordinator. By addressing these identified implementation barriers and facilitators, clinic staff and providers can ensure that WOC are provided with the full range of HIV prevention options.</p>","PeriodicalId":44452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV-AIDS & Social Services","volume":"19 4","pages":"299-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15381501.2021.1887038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39363586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David T Lardier, Ijeoma Opara, Robert J Reid, Pauline Garcia-Reid, Andriana Herrera, Irene Cantu
{"title":"Increasing HIV/AIDS knowledge among urban ethnic minority youth: Findings from a community-based prevention intervention program.","authors":"David T Lardier, Ijeoma Opara, Robert J Reid, Pauline Garcia-Reid, Andriana Herrera, Irene Cantu","doi":"10.1080/15381501.2021.1910097","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15381501.2021.1910097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)/AIDs (Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) prevention and research are imperative. Prevention-intervention programming is minimal in low-income communities of color. Additional research is needed that uncovers points of support and prevention to increase HIV knowledge and awareness and limit new HIV infections among adolescents of color. This study presents preliminary findings from a community-based HIV/AIDS, substance abuse, and viral hepatitis (VH) prevention education intervention for ethnic minority youth in a northeastern urban community. We evaluated HIV/AIDS knowledge and factors associated with knowledge. Participants (<i>N</i> = 599) completed a baseline survey followed by an exit survey measuring HIV/AIDS knowledge. Exit survey findings indicated that there was an increase in HIV/AIDs knowledge. Multivariate regression analyses showed that change scores in VH knowledge accuracy, sexual negotiation skills, risk perception, and ethnic identity were positively associated with change in HIV/AIDs knowledge score. The development and implementation of HIV/AIDS knowledge interventions can be crucial in alleviating new infections in the U.S.</p>","PeriodicalId":44452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV-AIDS & Social Services","volume":"20 1","pages":"76-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8225251/pdf/nihms-1712549.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39112228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Whiteley, Lacey Craker, Shufang Sun, Nicholas Tarantino, Dylan Hershkowitz, Jesse Moskowitz, Trisha Arnold, Kayla Haubrick, Elizabeth Olsen, Leandro Mena, Larry K Brown
{"title":"Factors associated with PrEP adherence among MSM living in Jackson, Mississippi.","authors":"Laura Whiteley, Lacey Craker, Shufang Sun, Nicholas Tarantino, Dylan Hershkowitz, Jesse Moskowitz, Trisha Arnold, Kayla Haubrick, Elizabeth Olsen, Leandro Mena, Larry K Brown","doi":"10.1080/15381501.2021.1956666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2021.1956666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the determinants of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence is integral to reducing HIV incidence in the United States, especially for those at highest risk. To this end, the present study explored demographic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors related to adherence among 43 Southern, predominately Black, men who have sex with men (MSM). During the study months, 46% of the sample reported being nonadherent to PrEP. Those with more sexual partners (<i>p</i> = .05), greater self-efficacy for taking PrEP (<i>p</i> = .03), and those who felt condoms were less important (<i>p</i> = .02), were more likely to be adherent to PrEP at six-month follow-up. Further interventions that consider perceived sexual risk, condom use, and adherence self-efficacy are needed to improve PrEP adherence among Southern MSM.</p>","PeriodicalId":44452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV-AIDS & Social Services","volume":"20 3","pages":"246-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9162088/pdf/nihms-1811177.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10251785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Wright, M. Dairo, Babatunde A. Odugbemi, F. Adepoju, Bisola I Adebayo, Temitope O. Durojaiye, Y. Shogbamimu, O. Odusanya, O. Idris
{"title":"Misconceptions about HIV infection and testing services: A qualitative pilot survey in Lagos","authors":"K. Wright, M. Dairo, Babatunde A. Odugbemi, F. Adepoju, Bisola I Adebayo, Temitope O. Durojaiye, Y. Shogbamimu, O. Odusanya, O. Idris","doi":"10.1080/15381501.2020.1836543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2020.1836543","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to assess the perception and utilization of HIV services in Lagos Nigeria. Methods One focus group discussion (FGD) and three key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted in each of the three LGAs in the state. Results A high level of awareness of HIV was observed among the participants. However, risk perception was varied with some members of the community refusing to believe that HIV is real and some misconceptions about risk factors. The availability of testing and treatment centers was not well known to a number of the respondents. Stigmatization of those infected is still high due to the perceived high transmissibility of the disease. Conclusion There is need for the Lagos State government to leverage on all existing health facilities in the state for the provision of HIV testing services and focus efforts on removing misconceptions and stigmatization of those infected with HIV.","PeriodicalId":44452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV-AIDS & Social Services","volume":"19 1","pages":"283 - 298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15381501.2020.1836543","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45942866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceptions of black men who have sex with men about accessing and taking PrEP: A qualitative study","authors":"L. Remy, W. Majee, M. Teti, M. Enriquez","doi":"10.1080/15381501.2020.1824843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2020.1824843","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Black men who have sex with men (MSM) have a 1 in 2 lifetime risk of acquiring HIV infection; yet are underrepresented in biomedical HIV prevention behaviors. In-depth interviews were conducted with Midwestern Black MSM (n = 12) taking PrEP for more than one year. A strength of this study was that it utilized qualitative methodology, which allows the revelation of perceptions that researchers cannot predict a priori. Black MSM in this study were educated and privately insured; even so, an overarching theme that emerged was that obtaining PrEP was a “long, hard road.” Facilitators to PrEP access included having an important person, insight into stigma, wariness of sexual partners, and desire to be a part of something greater than oneself. Findings have important implications for research and clinical practice. Strategies that decrease healthcare system barriers and simplify PrEP access are urgently needed for MSM at risk for HIV acquisition.","PeriodicalId":44452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV-AIDS & Social Services","volume":"19 1","pages":"263 - 282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15381501.2020.1824843","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47479383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Students’ behaviors in the context of the risk of HIV infection","authors":"Maria Łukaszek","doi":"10.1080/15381501.2020.1806165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2020.1806165","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The HIV infection rate in Poland is 3.3 per 100,000 and concerns mostly young adults. 2,764 students from 12 universities in the Podkarpackie region were examined. A high percentage of students had experiences of sexual contacts without condoms: vaginal contacts—40%, oral—22%, anal—14%, with strangers (8.3%) or little-known persons (9.6%), while alcohol-intoxicated (both partners—20.3%, one partner—14.8%) or drug-intoxicated (both partners—4%, one—4.2%). 3.8% admitted to having injected drugs, 1.2%—tattooed, and 4.9%—pierced in non-sterile conditions. Students who were not tested also displayed risky behaviors.","PeriodicalId":44452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV-AIDS & Social Services","volume":"10 1","pages":"231 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15381501.2020.1806165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59864299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) stigma among general population in Isfahan metropolis in Central Iran","authors":"F. Ebrahimi, Setayesh Sindarreh, M. Nasirian","doi":"10.1080/15381501.2020.1785365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2020.1785365","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background This study was aimed to evaluate stigma-related to HIV infection among the general population in Isfahan as a representative of Iran. Methods In order to conduct the cross-sectional study, 800 people with an age range of 18–73 years from 14 municipal regions of Isfahan were selected based on a multistage sampling. A standard questionnaire was used to evaluate HIV stigma in the general population in December 2017. Results The mean score (SD) of stigma toward PLHIV was 45.49 (9.17) out of 90. The prevalence of stigmatized attitudes was 18.97% among participants. Stigma’s score was correlated with the score of HIV knowledge, gender, and age. Conclusion The level of stigmatized attitude toward PLHIV was low among the general population in Isfahan. Given that there is still a stigma toward PLHIV in Isfahan as the representative of Iranian population, it is recommended to implement the population-based educational programs for decreasing HIV stigma.","PeriodicalId":44452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV-AIDS & Social Services","volume":"19 1","pages":"220 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15381501.2020.1785365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46480022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}