{"title":"A Study of a Phase-Shifted Full-Bridge LLC Resonant Converter Operating in Continuous Conduction Mode with ZVS","authors":"T. Grigorova, A. Vuchev","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874435","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses commutation mechanisms of power switches observed when phase-shift modulation is applied to control the output voltage in a full-bridge LLC resonant converter operating above resonant frequency. The focus is on a continuous conduction mode that enables ZVS commutation for all power devices from the two bridge legs. The results of a simulation study, which confirm the theoretical examinations, are also presented.","PeriodicalId":443994,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128409649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of Continuous Current Mode of an LLC Resonant DC-DC Converter at ZVS","authors":"A. Vuchev, T. Grigorova, Stovan Vuchev","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874422","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a theoretical analysis of a resonant LLC DC-DC converter operating in continuous current mode with zero voltage switching (ZVS). On the base of modeling the processes in the tank circuit with differential equations, expressions for the fundamental quantities for both step-down and step-up modes are derived. The conditions for the transition to the discontinuous current mode are determined. The boundary of the ZVS operating area is defined. Output characteristics of the converter are plotted graphically for different values of circuit and control parameters.","PeriodicalId":443994,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131098039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chaotic System-based Pseudo Random Bit Generator and Post-processor Design for Image Encryption","authors":"B. Karakaya","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874431","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an implementation of both continuous and discrete time chaotic system-based pseudo random bit generation by using three dimensional Lorenz system and one dimensional Logistic map. As chaotic systems are preferred in random number generator applications, two different chaotic systems are used as entropy source in the proposed design to make the design more secure. The electronic circuit equivalences of chaotic systems are designed and simulated in Orcad-Pspice environment to obtain values of state variables in fractional number format and input to proposed post-processor algorithm. The generated random bit stream is tested by using NIST 800.22 statistical test suite to demonstrate the randomness of proposed system statistically. Also, an image encryption application is executed using pseudo random bit stream. The results of statistical tests and image encryption show that the proposed pseudo random bit generator design is suitable and can be preferred in secure image or media transmission systems.","PeriodicalId":443994,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133919856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterization of the Electromagnetic Properties of Materials for Wearable Antennas","authors":"G. Atanasova, N. Atanasov, Gergana Savova","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874401","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of measurements of the complex permittivity of non-textile and textile materials, which can be used for an efficient design of wearable antennas. Measurements of the electromagnetic properties of the materials were done at a single frequency of 2.56 GHz using the cavity perturbation method. The results show that non-textile materials (leather, paper, plastic from 3D DLP printing) have a real part of the complex permittivity (${varepsilon_{mathrm{r}}}^{prime}$) in the range of 2.0-3.0, while ${varepsilon_{mathrm{r}}}^{prime}$ of textile materials is in the range of 1.0-2.0. The results also showed that fabric structure (woven, knitted, or non-woven) has a direct effect on the ${varepsilon_{mathrm{r}}}^{prime}$, while the type of fibers (natural or synthetic) has a direct effect on the imaginary part of the permittivity and loss tangent.","PeriodicalId":443994,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129994943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laboratory Systems for Measuring Static and Dynamic Parameters of the Basic Circuit Configurations Employing Op-Amps","authors":"I. Pandiev","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874417","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the structure and techniques for the use of two laboratory systems developed for the study of the basic small-signal DC and AC amplifier circuits employing operational amplifiers (op-amps). One of the two laboratory systems includes two electronic circuits of direct-coupled or dc amplifiers - of inverting and non-inverting configuration, and for the non-inverting configuration it is possible to set the voltage gain at different values. The second laboratory system is designed to study the two basic AC inverting and non-inverting amplifier circuits, using coupling and bypass capacitors. For both laboratory systems, a µA741C general-purpose op-amp was used as the active building component, which provides in the transition band of the frequency response a gain rolloff equal to −20 dB/decade at a unity-gain bandwidth of 1 MHz and open-loop gain 105, respectively. In addition, the µA741C op-amp provides the possibility of external adjustment of the input offset voltage, which can be performed by the students. Also, the internal structure of the µA741C includes many numbers of interesting microelectronic techniques that are important to study and validate by the students during the process of experimental testing. The developed systems are intended for use in electronic studies of second- and third- year students on the Bachelor's degree programs of “Electronics” and “Mechatronics” at the Technical University of Sofia.","PeriodicalId":443994,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA)","volume":"258 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116200507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GPS Disciplined Numerically Controlled Oscillator Based on Xilinx FPGA","authors":"D. Badarov, G. Mihov","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874398","url":null,"abstract":"The high precision frequency standard is important in most frequency and time measurements. Accurate frequency standards are expensive and hard to obtain. Most of the GPS receivers provide 1 pulse per second time standard which can be used to accurately discipline a crystal oscillator with a high short-term stability. The following work uses a high frequency unadjustable crystal oscillator followed by a numerically controlled oscillator in order to obtain a high stability frequency based on 1 pulse per second GPS signal.","PeriodicalId":443994,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127525127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using of 3D Printing Technologies in the Manufacture of Mechatronic Products","authors":"Stiliyan Nikolov, R. Dimitrova, Slav Dimitrov","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874404","url":null,"abstract":"The successful implementation of the new technologies requires their connection with the production goals of the companies and the practices and technologies used by them. The advantages that these technologies provide to the designers of mechatronic products are indicated. The influence of the orientation of the manufactured products in 3D printing, using the technology of deposition of molten material, on the need to add supporting material and the duration of the manufacturing process has been determined.","PeriodicalId":443994,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129893107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Borislav Ganev, H. Hristov, L. Laskov, Alexander D. Popov, M. Marinov
{"title":"Multi-sensor System for Monitoring in Agriculture","authors":"Borislav Ganev, H. Hristov, L. Laskov, Alexander D. Popov, M. Marinov","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874374","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the implementation of a system for monitoring some basic environmental parameters, necessary for accurate analysis of plant growing. The observed parameters are air temperature at three different heights, relative humidity at three different heights, soil temperature, and humidity at two more points located at different depths.","PeriodicalId":443994,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126450950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IoT, Cloud, Consumers, Challenges for Smart Appliance Manufacturers","authors":"Anita Stoyanova","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874423","url":null,"abstract":"The development of Smart Appliances is facilitated and supported by the constant expansion of both basic and related functionalities, as well as the market expansion of two modern technologies - IoT and Cloud Computing. This paper also looks at the challenges that manufacturers of smart home appliances typically face as they try to incorporate IoT and Cloud technologies into their innovative, modern-looking, customer-friendly products. Those are related not only to the technological aspects, but also to the perceptions, attitudes, desires and even fears of consumers.","PeriodicalId":443994,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA)","volume":"384 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126732421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrical Characterization of Multisensor Elements with Ferroelectric Nanocoatings","authors":"Mariya Aleksandrova, G. Dobrikov","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRONICA55578.2022.9874429","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the fabrication technology and main sensing characteristics of multisensor elements responding to force and temperature variation simultaneously. The sensors are based on silicon membranes of different sizes and patterns, coated with a LiTaO3 ferroelectric thin film. It was found out that the meander patterned membrane with a size of $65 mumathrm{m}$ exhibited the most favorable piezoelectric and pyroelectric behavior, producing a piezoelectric coefficient of 9 pC/N with a linearity error of 0.14 % and sensitivity of 0.41 pC/N. It is also characterized by a pyroelectric voltage of 228 mV for the dynamic range up to 48 C°. The proposed element could be easily integrated with the conventional microfabrication technology, by applying a low number of photomasks, making it simple and low-cost. In addition, there is a negligible variation of the sensor arrayparameters across the wafer. Possible application of the device could be fluids level and temperature measurements for different industrial needs.","PeriodicalId":443994,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127876541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}