{"title":"Multi-frequency antennas to depict the multi-layer foundation of a building","authors":"L. Orlando","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254961","url":null,"abstract":"Here I show that the signal-noise ratio of GPR data acquired to investigate multi-layered foundation can be increased by applying a time spectral whitening (TVSW) inverse filter. I found that the TVSW function produces a balancing of the amplitude of frequencies in the range of useful frequency greater than the peak frequency of signal. The filter is effective for broad-band data of large dynamic range like GPR and induces an increase of vertical resolution and enhances the energy from deep scattered objects because it reduces the low wow noise and the amplitude of wide angle scattered energy. Spectral whitening was tested on multi-frequency data collected with 80-200-600-900-2000MHZ antennas to investigate a 1960's multi-layered foundation consisting of tiling, sandy and gravel screed layers and loose stone foundation.","PeriodicalId":443640,"journal":{"name":"2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121154654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distortion of pulse signatures penetrated obliquely through tunnel in a cross-borehole pulse radar","authors":"Sang-Wook Kim, Jong-Sung Choi, Se-Yun Kim","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254989","url":null,"abstract":"The finite-difference time-domain method is employed to calculate the radar signatures of an obliquely penetrating tunnel. The relatively faster propagation and stronger distortion of the electromagnetic pulse are discovered due to the existence of an empty tunnel as its penetration angle becomes more oblique. To analyze the different behaviors of two arrival times, the electrical fields in 3 different tracks as transmitter side, tunnel inside and receiver side are collected around tunnel. Those data are analyzed in time and frequency domains. It renders the arrival time of the first peak to be increased relatively slower than that of the first received signal.","PeriodicalId":443640,"journal":{"name":"2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)","volume":"8 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121058053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Catapano, L. Crocco, G. Gennarelli, F. Soldovieri, L. Orlando, B. Renzi
{"title":"Using polarimetric GPR antenna to characterize hidden cylinders","authors":"I. Catapano, L. Crocco, G. Gennarelli, F. Soldovieri, L. Orlando, B. Renzi","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254856","url":null,"abstract":"The recent appearing of multi-component GPR antennas in the research and market fields is attracting interest towards the possibility to exploit polarization diversity in order to gain more information on the probed scenario. In this framework, based on a forward model, we investigate the potential of discerning the electromagnetic nature of cylindrical targets staring from B-scan measurements. The study is carried out via a FDTD numerical analysis and is supported by analytical results referred to the 2D case. The preliminary obtained results suggest that is actually possible to discriminate conducting and dielectric circular cylinders from multi-component GPR B-scans. Experimental results are also provided.","PeriodicalId":443640,"journal":{"name":"2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127220693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Wang, Ziwei Chen, Jing Chen, Qunying Zhang, G. Fang
{"title":"A coded pulse UWB radar system design for life sign detection","authors":"Wei Wang, Ziwei Chen, Jing Chen, Qunying Zhang, G. Fang","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254836","url":null,"abstract":"UWB radar can be well used as life sign detection since it has great penetrating ability and high resolution. Pseudo random coded radar can increase transmitting power without decreasing resolution and penetrating ability, so it is suitable for the life sign detection. In this paper, a coded pulse signal generating method based on FPGA will be introduced. In order to decrease the cost and complexity of receiver design, hybrid sampling method will be used in this system design. At last, the experiment result will be given.","PeriodicalId":443640,"journal":{"name":"2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124864542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computer tomography as imaging technique for ground penetrating radar — A case study","authors":"B. Panzner, A. Jostingmeier, A. Omar","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254878","url":null,"abstract":"Computer tomography (CT) is mainly known for biological applications where inner parts of the human body are visualized. In this work computer tomography will be investigated as imaging technique for remote sensing and visualization of subsurface objects. This contribution presents a case study where CT is used in a unconventional way to demonstrate its capabilities for mapping subsurface objects in a GPR like scenario. The CT experiments for identification of buried objects will be contrasted with measurements of a conventional microwave GPR setup. The measured results underline the capability of both imaging methods for portraying visually obscured objects. The reconstructed image quality dependents largely on the object properties that have influence on the physical principle of the underlying imaging technique such as permittivity or specific absorption rate of x-rays. The reconstructed image obtained by the CT scan unveils a variety of details of the inner parts of the subsurface object.","PeriodicalId":443640,"journal":{"name":"2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125319792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xicai Pan, P. Klenk, K. Roth, Jia-bao Zhang, Ping Huang, Dan He
{"title":"Multi-channel GPR to assess the influence of shallow structural heterogeneity on spatio-temporal variations of near-surface soil water content","authors":"Xicai Pan, P. Klenk, K. Roth, Jia-bao Zhang, Ping Huang, Dan He","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254944","url":null,"abstract":"Structural heterogeneity in the vadose zone can significantly influence the dynamics of surface and subsurface distribution of water. It is one important reason for the patterned crops in fields. GPR as a non-invasive tool facilitates the quick investigation of subsurface structures and associated soil water contents of agricultural lands. A field study site with patterned wheat was surveyed at 1.5 m line spacing using 400 MHz multichannel GPR. Through time-lapse snapshots of the ground with multi-channel GPR and surface TDR measurements after a heavy rainfall event, we (i) determine the subsurface 3D architecture, (ii) simultaneously measure the depth-averaged soil water content, and (iii) assess the influence of the structural heterogeneity on the surface and subsurface soil water redistribution. Through investigating the field-scale soil water dynamics, we discuss the relationship between soil architecture and the patterned crops in hydrological perspective. Results demonstrate that multi-channel GPR allows the collection of valuable information about the subsurface structure and soil water dynamics at site-specific land.","PeriodicalId":443640,"journal":{"name":"2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125553010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A study of the interference stripe phenomenon caused by electromagnetic wave propagating in multi-layered medium","authors":"Diao Qilong, Huang Chunlin","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254966","url":null,"abstract":"The interference stripe appears in the penetrating scan experiments of multi-layered medium detection, the experiments are implemented by the single-frequency plane array or the moved single transmitting/receiving (T/R) antenna. Based on the medium boundary conditions of Maxwell equations from the classic electromagnetic theory, the interference stripe phenomenon is studied in the paper. And the commercial simulation software CST Microwave Studio is used to construct the simulation models. Under the near-field condition, the propagation and reflection of electromagnetic wave in the monolayer medium and the multi-layered media are simulated. Two situations, the electromagnetic wave being perpendicular and oblique to the dielectric plate, are specially carried out to compare. The echo waves received by the antenna changed position are analyzed. It can be found that there is no interference stripe when the incident wave is perpendicular to the dielectric plate. However, the interference stripe phenomenon will arise when there is a certain angle between the incident wave and the normal of the dielectric plate. This can be proved by the scan experiments results. The existence of the interference stripe will cause serious disturbance to the target echo, because the former is greater than the latter. So it will affect the performance of target detection and identification. From the point of view of the electromagnetic wave incidence and reflection theorem, the existence reason of this phenomenon is discussed. The relationship between the incident angle and interference stripe is illuminated. The study of this phenomenon will be helpful for the signal processing of the plane array and the moved single T/R antenna scanning system, such as the interference stripe phenomenon reducing and the target imaging quality improving. It can also be helpful for solving some problems encountered in the highways detecting, archeology, geology survey, etc.","PeriodicalId":443640,"journal":{"name":"2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122661325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuanxin Wang, Zhao Zhang, Qiang Ren, Y. Wu, Z. Peng
{"title":"Application of LTD-2100 ground penetrating radar to advanced forecast in diversion tunnel of Jinping Hydroelectric power Station","authors":"Yuanxin Wang, Zhao Zhang, Qiang Ren, Y. Wu, Z. Peng","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254832","url":null,"abstract":"Taking the advanced geological forecast in diversion tunnel of Jinping Hydroelectric power Station as an example, the principle of LTD-2100 ground penetrating radar (GPR) is expounded, and it is also stated in detail how to set parameter, layout measuring line, detect, process the data, as well as explain the detection results. It can forecast accurately the geological condition within about 30m in front of the work face by comparing between the forecast achievement and the real information. It has been contrasted with the imported GPR in the same tunnel section, and its results are better than those of imported GPR It is shown that LTD-2100 GPR is a better method for the advanced geological forecast in the tunnel construction. It is shown that LTD-2100 GPR has not only fast scan, simple operation, light weight, high resolution and intuitionistic image, but also has already shown strong superiority in advanced geological forecast. It has a very broad application prospect in the tunnel project.","PeriodicalId":443640,"journal":{"name":"2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122095646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Song, Jiahui Huang, Weihao Yang, XiaoJun Zhang, Hai-ou Liu
{"title":"GPR similarity criteria and model experimental study on artificial freezing engineering","authors":"Lei Song, Jiahui Huang, Weihao Yang, XiaoJun Zhang, Hai-ou Liu","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254914","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the artificial freezing method is an important technique to construct in deep alluvium and fracture rock layers. It was needed to develop a highly efficient, highly precise and non-destructive testing method for freezing wall monitoring. Based on the partial difference function of radar waves, the similarity transformation method was used to deduce the relationship between model experiments and prototype detection. Similarity criterias of GPR EM fields was proposed, and the similarity preconditions of GPR EM field were suggested. The preconditions given in this paper compare the travel time and amplitude of GPR signals between model experiments and prototype detections. Higher frequency antennas were commonly used in GPR model experiments. For instance, in the Artificial Freezing Engineering (AFE) GPR model, according to the feature of its EM parameters at frequencies form 10MHz to 1000MHz, such as similar magnetic permeability, similar dielectric constant and slightly lower electric conductivity, the similarity criteria could not be satisfied when the prototype media were used in model experiments; and the amplitude of electromagnetic (EM) fields could not be strictly similar to that of prototypes. It was deduced that in AFE the travel time and characters of anomalies in GPR profiles are similar to that of prototypes, while the amplitude of GPR signals would be much stronger than that of prototypes. By the model experiment and field exploration, the characteristics of typical anomalies in AFE, such as freezing pipe and defects, were obtained and reported in this paper. It is found that they played an important role in the construction of the connecting passage of Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel. The research findings have an important theoretical value for AFE and the permafrost region engineering. The Similarity Criteria and analysis method can also be used in other areas where the prototype media are used in GPR model experiments.","PeriodicalId":443640,"journal":{"name":"2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129533065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jae-Hyoung Cho, Sang-Wook Kim, J. Yook, Se-Yun Kim
{"title":"Considerations of the blind region for single-borehole bistatic and monostatic pulse radars","authors":"Jae-Hyoung Cho, Sang-Wook Kim, J. Yook, Se-Yun Kim","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2012.6254988","url":null,"abstract":"The blind regions for single-borehole bistatic and monostatic pulse radars are considered in this paper. The blind region of a single-borehole radar may restrict its capability on detecting anomalies adjacent to the antenna. We explain the causes of the blind regions in bistatic and monostatic radars. In bistatic radar, the blind region is caused by direct signal along the borehole. In contrast, the blind region of monostatic radar is complexly generated by direct signal radiated from the circuit, feed reflection and switching noise. And we investigate how much such critical signals decrease using switch time delay. The blind region of a single-borehole pulse radar is measured using practical experiments. And the considerations of the blind region according to the switching time for monostatic radar system are also analyzed. Finally, we demonstrate B-scan data of actual adjacent target with optimum blind region.","PeriodicalId":443640,"journal":{"name":"2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129650997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}