Positions-Asia Critique最新文献_第8页

PRC History in Crisis and Clover 危机中的中华人民共和国历史与三叶草

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9286662

Jeremy Brown

引用次数: 1

Foundations of Theory in PRC History: Mass Communications Research, Political Culture, and the Values Paradigm 中华人民共和国历史理论基础:大众传播研究、政治文化与价值范式

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9286727

Matthew D. Johnson

{"title":"Foundations of Theory in PRC History: Mass Communications Research, Political Culture, and the Values Paradigm","authors":"Matthew D. Johnson","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9286727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9286727","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article describes the US origins of the field of PRC history. It argues that research on PRC history is widely derived from an approach to knowledge that predates area studies: the theory that societies can be controlled and changed through the transformation of human cognition—referred to as \"public opinion,\" \"values,\" \"culture,\" \"political culture,\" \"tradition,\" or \"belief\"—by nonviolent means. The author calls this approach to knowledge the values paradigm. A separate, but related argument is that this paradigm has proven more important than the availability or content of new sources in determining how PRC history has been written. The aim behind these arguments is twofold: to highlight the intellectual debt (or burden) that links PRC history, via area studies, to policy science; and to elucidate other ways of guiding research in place of the increasingly exhausted values paradigm–based approach. The conclusions they lead to are that historical and social scientific explanations of political change in China have become intellectually dependent on the abstraction of mass consciousness, and that this abstraction has been used to obscure the endemic violence of Maoism.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"80 1","pages":"835 - 868"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76961791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond Bias: Critical Analysis and Layered Reading of Mao-Era Sources 超越偏见:毛时代资料的批判性分析与分层阅读

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9286688

S. Schmalzer

引用次数: 0

Long Live the Mass Line! Errant Cadres and Post-Disillusionment PRC History 群众路线万岁!错误干部与幻灭后的中华人民共和国历史

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9286701

Aminda M. Smith

{"title":"Long Live the Mass Line! Errant Cadres and Post-Disillusionment PRC History","authors":"Aminda M. Smith","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9286701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9286701","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The first rule of PRC history might be \"Never take the Chinese Communists at their word.\" Early observers praised the CCP, but by the 1990s there was broad disillusionment among China scholars who increasingly believed that observable realities contradicted official claims. In the postdisillusionment era, that realization became a methodology; generations of students were trained to look for sources that exposed the truths the Party ostensibly sought to hide. For archival historians this method has produced strange results, because many of the sources used to tell the untold stories of Chinese Communism are the Party's own documents. Even as historians read the state's internal records critically, there is still a tendency to be noticeably uncritical when those documents contain information that seems to vitiate official propaganda. This article explores the unreliable analyses that result when scholars attempt to turn state sources against the state. It further argues that much of the \"damning\" evidence against the Party actually appeared in official, published sources—but because archival historians often dismiss propaganda as fiction, the scholarship has not traced state claims closely enough to recognize and identify them in classified sources.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"170 1","pages":"783 - 807"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86049113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Foreword: The Maoism of PRC History 前言:中华人民共和国历史上的毛主义

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9286636

Aminda M. Smith

引用次数: 1

Afterword: Conversing with the Good Left about PRC History 后记:与优秀左派对谈中华人民共和国历史

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9286753

Jan Kiely

引用次数: 0

Introduction: The Politics of (Maoist) History 引言:(毛主义)历史的政治学

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9286649

F. Lanza

引用次数: 0

To Confront the Totality: A Critique of Empiricism in the Historiography of the People's Republic of China 面对整体:对中华人民共和国史学中的经验主义的批判

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9286675

Jake Werner

{"title":"To Confront the Totality: A Critique of Empiricism in the Historiography of the People's Republic of China","authors":"Jake Werner","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9286675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9286675","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Most recent research on the first three decades of the PRC has avoided theoretical reflection on the period, instead claiming an empiricist fidelity to the heterogeneity of lived experience. Yet the refusal of theory allows unexamined conceptualizations to structure the findings—conceptualizations whose plausibility arises not from the archive but from the historian's own historically situated sensibilities. This article identifies a deep orientation at work in an otherwise highly diverse set of scholarship on the early PRC. A research paradigm privileging the individual over the collective, civil society over the state, diversity over homogeneity, contingency over necessity, and fragmentation over totality has achieved important advances, but it has also foreclosed essential new directions for research. The article then sketches an alternative approach that does not simply reverse these binaries but aims to encompass both sides through a reappropriation of classical social theories such as those of Marx, Durkheim, and Freud. Building on long-neglected aspects of these theories, such as their varied approaches to a co-constitutive relation between social appearance and essence, would not displace careful empirical investigation but deepen it by revealing the full complexity of the sources.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"23 1","pages":"719 - 758"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87676826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breaking with the Family Form: Historical Categories, Social Reproduction, and Everyday Life in Late 1950s Rural China 打破家庭形式:1950年代末中国农村的历史范畴、社会再生产与日常生活

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9286740

A. Day

{"title":"Breaking with the Family Form: Historical Categories, Social Reproduction, and Everyday Life in Late 1950s Rural China","authors":"A. Day","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9286740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9286740","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article explores the way PRC historians use analytical categories by looking at the emergence of a divide between production and the social reproduction of labor (all the work that goes into producing and raising laborers) that transformed and structured rural everyday life during the Mao period. Everyday life is historical, produced in different ways under different material conditions, structured and shaped by social forms in motion. Thus, it is not an analytical frame through which historians can view the real content of the Mao period underneath the thin veneer of Maoist high politics and its categories. This article therefore argues that everyday life, far from a sphere resisting the impositions and dictates of the state, is fully implicated in the political-economic structuring of society. This is a call to not simply replace an earlier social science focus on the political economy of the PRC with a bottom-up or empirical view of everyday life, recognizing that everyday life is already a structured terrain. Rather than bringing in social science analytical categories from the outside or searching for an empirical real view from below, we need to investigate the emergence of categories and social forms from the real material limits and tendencies of a rapidly changing PRC society.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"14 1","pages":"869 - 894"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84325892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rethinking the Political Economy of Development in Mao's China 毛时代中国发展的政治经济学再思考

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9286714

Covell F. Meyskens

{"title":"Rethinking the Political Economy of Development in Mao's China","authors":"Covell F. Meyskens","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9286714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9286714","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines two theoretical frameworks used to evaluate Maoist development. The first is based on neoclassical economic theory, and the second is rooted in the idea that the Chinese Communist Party made China into a state capitalist regime. Both these theoretical frameworks presume to know what economic practices the CCP should have engaged in and fault the Party for not conforming to their standards of judgment. This article finds this normative approach to analyzing Maoist development to be wanting for four reasons. In its drive to depict China as acting anomalously, this normative standpoint insufficiently attends to the empirical specificities of economic activities of the Mao era. It does not take enough into account how China's socialist identity shaped the CCP's economic initiatives. Nor does it dig deep enough into how the geopolitical dynamics of the Cold War influenced Chinese development. This way of writing the history of the Mao period also overlooks similarities between China and other developmental states in Cold War East Asia. This article calls on historians to adopt a different approach to the study of Chinese development and scour available documentation with the aim of comprehending the economic practices of Mao's China on their own terms.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"31 1","pages":"809 - 834"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75638949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0