Positions-Asia Critique最新文献_第6页

"Snail Households": Containerization of Migrant Housing on Shanghai's Fringe “蜗牛户”:上海边缘农民工住房的集装箱化

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9723724

{"title":"\"Snail Households\": Containerization of Migrant Housing on Shanghai's Fringe","authors":"","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9723724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9723724","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:China's escalated infrastructural building and real estate development have gradually erased urban villages and reduced affordable living space for rural-to- urban migrants. This article showcases the emerging practice of container housing among low-income migrants, based on ethnographic data collected between 2016 and 2018 in Shanghai. Such \"snail households\" living in removable cargo containers and prefabricated metal shelters represent a submissive coping mechanism in response to demolition and eviction, to reduce living cost and stay put on the urban fringe. This article examines the containerization of migrant housing, a process of sociospatial reconfiguration of migrant livelihood that has become increasingly precarious during China's economic restructuring in the twenty-first century. It shows how container housing reifies the state capitalist mode of production and accumulation. The containerization of migrant housing entails a multifaceted process of extraction of labor and land, during which migrants' mobility and sense of entitlement are highly contained. Container housing represents migrants' sociospatial precarity in China's exclusive urban citizenship and place-specific property regime. It symbolizes a reinforced subaltern position of migrants subdued in the politics of accumulation, which contributes to the lack of strong resistance and collective action amid forced eviction.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"62 1","pages":"549 - 570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82113971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Dark Side of the Miracle: Spectacular and Precarious Accumulation in an Urban Village under Siege (A Photo Essay) 奇迹的黑暗面:城中村被围攻时壮观而不稳定的积累(摄影随笔)

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9723711

Tong Lam

{"title":"The Dark Side of the Miracle: Spectacular and Precarious Accumulation in an Urban Village under Siege (A Photo Essay)","authors":"Tong Lam","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9723711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9723711","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In spite of their informal and substandard nature, Chinese urban villages are actually part of the infrastructure that institutionalizes and normalizes China's uneven development by providing cheap dormitory-style accommodations to the country's vast army of unskilled rural migrants who flock to cities as precarious laborers. This extended photo essay uses an urban village renewal project in the southern city Guangzhou to analyze the politics of eviction, demolition, resistance, and gentrification in light of the region's shift from low-value to high-tech industries. When urban villagers appropriated ideas of tradition, lineage, and socialist collectivism to fight against the government and the developer, their purpose was to acquire greater compensation and even symbolic capital in order to secure an urban middle-class future for themselves. In the process, however, they have further foreclosed the futures of many rural migrants whose survival in the city rely on cheap accommodation in these slum-like enclaves, even though survival in this context often implies dull and dead-end jobs with little prospect of social mobility. Drawing on the author's visual project called Where There Is No Room for Fiction, the selected photographs here provide a visual ethnographic account of the contested landscape of an urban village under siege. As well, these images explore the possibility of a critical aesthetics in order to engage the official vision of urban modernity that is saturated with spectacle and speculation.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"1 1","pages":"523 - 547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90236340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Production of Everyday Space for Workers: The New Village Movement in China, 1919–1936 工人日常空间的生产:1919-1936年中国的新村运动

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9723659

Qiang Zhu

{"title":"The Production of Everyday Space for Workers: The New Village Movement in China, 1919–1936","authors":"Qiang Zhu","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9723659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9723659","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The idea of a \"new village\" first emerged in the years 1919–20 and was widely discussed by Chinese intellectuals, who advocated for its humanitarian and social justice purposes and its goal of constructing a new society. This article focuses on the new village movement in China from 1919 to 1936, which was imagined and materialized by intellectuals, social reformers, and the Nationalist state in response to crises of capital accumulation, displacement of labor, and urbanization. New villages emerged as a worldwide sociopolitical response to exploitation and class antagonism — the worst effects of capital accumulation and the alienation of labor, under which the creation of everyday spaces for labor reproduction provided the key to constructing a new type of community for social transformation among migrant workers. Whereas the state and capital attempt to \"pulverize\" new villages into a manageable, calculable, and abstract grid, diverse social forces simultaneously attempt to create, defend, or extend spaces of social reproduction, everyday life, and grassroots control. Thus, the new village's anti-capitalism combined an eminently modern criticism of capitalism with the conservative recovery of an ideal rural community, in an attempt to overcome social inequality and the urban exploitation of the rural caused by capital accumulation.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"16 1","pages":"429 - 453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83195722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who Makes the City? Beijing's Urban Villages as Sites of Ideological Contestation 谁创造了城市?北京城中村作为意识形态争论的场所

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9723672

Jane Hayward, Małgorzata Jakimów

{"title":"Who Makes the City? Beijing's Urban Villages as Sites of Ideological Contestation","authors":"Jane Hayward, Małgorzata Jakimów","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9723672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9723672","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Inside Beijing are hundreds of urban villages. Originally farming villages, now engulfed by urban expansion, they persist due to China's segregated urban-rural property system. Inhabitants are often still classed as peasants, despite being inside the city. Since most have had their agricultural land requisitioned for urban construction, they instead build multiple extensions to their houses to rent to rural migrants seeking cheap accommodation. In some cases, village populations have increased tenfold as migrants have flooded in, causing cramped conditions and overloading village infrastructure. Urban villages have in recent years emerged as key sites of ideological and political contestation. For local officials and planners envisioning gleaming world cities brimming with advanced technology and highly skilled workers, these are dirty and backward \"urban cancers,\" enclaves of the \"low-end population,\" and obstacles to their visions of the city as embodiment of global modernity. An opposing set of scholars and policy makers view these villages as essential to city life, channels for low-cost labor to service urban elites, and gateways to modernity for those formerly excluded. Within the urban villages, groups of migrant-activists defy the statist vision of the city. Through cultural performances and visual representations, they struggle to promote an urban modernity in which they are included as active participants. This article explores how Beijing's urban villages constitute a key site of ideological contestation over what the city should be, and whom urban life is for.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"27 1","pages":"455 - 477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72848458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Fruits of Demolition: Generative Neglect in Zhengzhou's Urban Villages 拆迁的果实:郑州城中村的生成性忽视

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9723737

Megan Steffen

{"title":"The Fruits of Demolition: Generative Neglect in Zhengzhou's Urban Villages","authors":"Megan Steffen","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9723737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9723737","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Drawing on over twenty-four months of ethnographic fieldwork conducted between March 2013 and January 2018 in Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan Province, this article identifies neglect as a generative process. It demonstrates three related points: (1) that neglect generates new economic, social, and aesthetic forms; (2) that neglect in the PRC is marked by a historically informed temporality that presumes the state's continued interference; (3) that an expectation of neglect reifies the government as that which neglects. For years, Zhengzhou's urban villages were the best place to observe what neglect made possible, as migrants, students, entrepreneurs, and illegal enterprises took advantage of cheap rents and a lack of regulation. Just after the Spring Festival in 2014, however, the government announced that all urban villages would be demolished by the end of the year. This article examines key players in the demolitions, such as the chaierdai 拆二代 (rich-through-demolition), zhengfu 政府 (government), renmin 人民 (people), residents of the urban core, and evicted migrant workers. Looking at who benefits from the literal and metaphorical fruits of demolition reveals how the uneven temporality of official neglect challenges the PRC's narrative of constant progress.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"139 1","pages":"571 - 594"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76344740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-End Accumulation: Spatial Transformation and Social Stratification in a Beijing Urban Village 低端集聚:北京城中村的空间转换与社会分层

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9723763

Tzu-Chi Ou

{"title":"Low-End Accumulation: Spatial Transformation and Social Stratification in a Beijing Urban Village","authors":"Tzu-Chi Ou","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9723763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9723763","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In late 2017, a tragic fire in southern Beijing led to a massive eviction and demolition campaign that drove out tens of thousands of rural migrant workers in bleak winter weather. While the evictions were widely covered by the mass media, few analyses examined the gongyu 公寓 (apartment complex), a low-rent housing complex where the fire broke out. Based on fieldwork in Beijing's northern fringe, this article examines the spatial transformation of residences from cramped one-story farmhouses to gongyu and how it signals the social stratification of migrant tenants. The emergence of the better-equipped gongyu, as an alternative modernity, caters to the influx of young tenants and migrants working in the service sector. Meanwhile, the rise of the gongyu has propelled an increase in the subcontracting of property management. The rationalization and specialization of the fast-growing private rental housing market have further led to estranged living among migrant tenants and landlords, who experience different forms of displacement in urban villages. Gongyu is the outcome of low-end accumulation, which is intended primarily for constructing low-quality, low-cost rental projects for the \"low-end population.\" Despite its prevalence, the urban village gongyu represents an overlooked, unrecognized, and undesirable mode of urbanization, which is the target of the recurring housing crackdown in China's capital.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"26 1","pages":"619 - 640"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82815921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guest Editors' Introduction: The Urban In-Between 特邀编辑介绍:城市的中间地带

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9723646

Nellie Chu, Ralph A. Litzinger, Mengqi Wang, Qian Zhu

引用次数: 1

Transperipheral Educational Mobility: Less Privileged South Korean Young Adults Pursuing English Language Study in a Peripheral City in the Philippines 外围教育流动:弱势韩国年轻人在菲律宾外围城市追求英语语言学习

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9573396

C. Choi

{"title":"Transperipheral Educational Mobility: Less Privileged South Korean Young Adults Pursuing English Language Study in a Peripheral City in the Philippines","authors":"C. Choi","doi":"10.1215/10679847-9573396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9573396","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The pursuit of overseas English language education by South Korean youth has resulted in a hierarchy of educational destinations, with migrants studying English in the Global North attaining higher cultural capital compared to those learning English in the Global South. This article examines the experiences of South Korean youth who pursue education in English language schools in the provincial Philippines. Using in-depth interviews and participant observation with South Korean educational migrants in the Philippines and South Korea, it outlines class and regional dynamics in a pattern of youth mobility the author calls \"transperipheral educational mobility.\" This type of mobility refers to the transnational movement of less-privileged, that is low-resourced, South Korean youth from peripheral regions in South Korea to peripheral cities in the Philippines for the purpose of pursuing English language education in a budget program. Despite being considered \"less legitimate\" than the credentials earned by their counterparts in destinations in the Global North, the pursuit of English language education in the Global South, as this article shows, provides forms of precultural capital, compensatory middle-class consumption, and entrepreneurial inspiration that strategically and creatively seeks to challenge working-class migrants' marginal positions within South Korea's highly stratified and increasingly neoliberal society.","PeriodicalId":44356,"journal":{"name":"Positions-Asia Critique","volume":"9 1","pages":"377 - 407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84212512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guest Editors' Introduction: Children and Youth in Asian Migration 客座编辑导言:亚洲移民中的儿童和青年

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9573315

R. Parreñas, N. Piper, Sari K. Ishii, C. Choi

引用次数: 0

Children's Experience and Practice of Belonging: The Realities of Integration among De Facto Stateless Vietnamese Children in Cambodia 儿童归属感的经验和实践:柬埔寨事实上无国籍越南儿童的融合现实

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Positions-Asia Critique Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1215/10679847-9573370

Charlie Rumsby

引用次数: 0