Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment最新文献

{"title":"Expeditions of the Portulan Club to the Munku-Sardyk area in 2017","authors":"S. Kovalenko, A. Kitov, E. Serebryakov, A.M. Afonkin, E. Ivanov","doi":"10.26516/2541-9641.2022.1.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26516/2541-9641.2022.1.166","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the expeditions of 2017 of students and teachers of the \"Portulan\" club together with the staff of the Institute of Geography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Institute of the Earth's Crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences to the area of Munku-Sardyk mount are presented, within the framework of which field scientific studies of nival-glacial formations, river and sloped aufeis, sloped landforms and their processes forming along the valleys of the White Irkut, Bugovek, Muguvek rivers: regime surveys of high-altitude aufeis, georadar studies of the Peretolchin glacier. For the first time, a study of the last \"white spot\" was carried out – the open part of the Radde glacier, with a description of its structure and GPS-metering of the boundaries, as well as traditional weather monitoring, the study of the active stone stream and the Big Muguvek aufeis.","PeriodicalId":44327,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81790083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological problems of land use and soil pollution of natural, arable and fallow lands of the Selenga river delta","authors":"I. Belozertseva, N.D. Dubrovskii","doi":"10.26516/2541-9641.2022.3.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26516/2541-9641.2022.3.103","url":null,"abstract":"In the summer of 2017–2018 we researched the landscape-geochemical and socio-geographical aspects in the delta of the Selenga river (southeast coast of Lake Baikal). The structure of land use is dominated by hayfields and pastures. The study area is important for the development of meat and dairy farming in Buryatia. The cultivated crops here are cereals, legumes, cold-resistant silage crops, potatoes and other vegetables. In the Selenga river delta various types of soils have been formed: fluvisols, folic-podburs, and gray metamorphic and folic-gray soils. The fertile soils of the high floodplain with chernozems and phaeozems are used for arable land. The agricultural land of terraces with gray and folic-gray soils is used for pasture. The soils of the low floodplain of waterlogged meadows are included in agricultural circulation. We revealed that the soils of most agricultural lands have a satisfactory agronomic quality. The upper horizons of gray soils under the forest and chernozems under the steppe have high humus concentrations in their natural state. In constantly used agricultural soils humus content is reduced. In fallow lands, its concentrations are restored. The water pH level of soils is mostly neutral. It is revealed that the soils of the Selenga delta are mainly light soils. It was revealed that gray soils after forest clearing and using them for arable land, quickly degrade and lose their fertility. Soils of the steppes show good resistance to agricultural use. Soil deposits and arable land, previously located under forest, are infertile and require introduction of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. Soils recently introduced for agricultural use require phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Chernozems and gray soil of natural landscapes, as well as anthrosols, previously located under steppe, are in good and satisfactory agronomic condition. Near the settlement of Kabansk we established high concentrations of some heavy metals in alluvial soils, exceeding the MPC. An increased content of oil products, phosphates, fluorides and heavy metals in the waters of the Selenga river was revealed. The coastal waters of Lake Baikal at the mouth of the Selenga river still meet sanitary and hygienic requirements. Alluvial soils of the Selenga river delta acts as a geochemical barrier to the migration of pollutants into Lake Baikal.","PeriodicalId":44327,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89698953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of rupture formation in a rheologically heterogeneous sedimentary cover over active foundation faults: according to the results of physical modeling","authors":"S. Bornyakov, S. P. Primina, Y. Chubakova","doi":"10.26516/2541-9641.2022.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26516/2541-9641.2022.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Physical modeling of the process of formation of the shear zone in single-layer and multilayer models of models is carried out in order to elucidate the features of fault formation in the rheologically heterogeneous sedimentary cover of the platform over the active fractures of the foundation. Model materials were montmorillonite clay water paste, wet sand and their composite. On the example of single-layer models, it is shown that the thickness of the deformable layer determines the width of the shear zone, the time of the onset of rupture formation in it and the duration of the implementation of the stages of its development, and its rheological properties determine the features of its internal discontinuous structure. The results of modeling on rheologically heterogeneous multilayer models showed that the width of the shear zone formed in them does not remain constant in vertical and is determined by the properties of the model material.","PeriodicalId":44327,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87673676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific conference of students and young scientists on Earth sciences 2022, dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the first oil fountain","authors":"М.А. Kotovshchikova","doi":"10.26516/2541-9641.2022.3.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26516/2541-9641.2022.3.170","url":null,"abstract":"On April 7, 2022, a scientific conference of students and young scientists on Earth sciences was held in the assembly hall of the ISU Faculty of Geology, dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the first oil fountain. The total number of participants exceeded 60 people, including one foreign graduate student of the Faculty of Geology.","PeriodicalId":44327,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90194427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stone glaciers of the Munku-Sardyk mountain range","authors":"S. Kovalenko, Yu.V. Akulova","doi":"10.26516/2541-9641.2022.1.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26516/2541-9641.2022.1.135","url":null,"abstract":"From field research and analysis of space images, we describe the most spectacular and widespread glacial patterns of the Munku-Sardyk (Eastern Sayan) area, stone glaciers, provide space images, give their quantitative and qualitative characteristics. These data can be used to assess modern glaciation and calculate the volume of cold reserves of the Munku-Sardyk mountain range.","PeriodicalId":44327,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75387847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Change of seismic hazard levels in complete 12-year seismogeodynamic cycle of the South Baikal Basin: results of hydroisotopic (234U/238U) monitoring","authors":"S. Rasskazov, E. Chebykin, A. Ilyasova, S. V. Snopkov, S. Bornyakov, I. Chuvashova","doi":"10.26516/2541-9641.2022.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26516/2541-9641.2022.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"In the western part of the South Baikal Basin, spatial-temporal distribution of earthquake epicenters is characterized by quasi-periodic seismic reactivations. The strongest earthquakes occurred in 1999 (South Baikal, Мw = 6.0), 2008 (Kultuk, Мw = 6.3) and 2020 (Kudara, Мw = 5.4). Since 2013, we have been monitoring the 234U/238U activity ratio (AR4/8) in groundwater as an indicator of crack open/closing that promotes/prevents water circulation in active faults of the basin. From monitoring results, we define the concept of a complete seismogeodynamic cycle as a change from crustal compression to extension occurred during 12 years with a successive increase in seismic hazard levels.","PeriodicalId":44327,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78617596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"207Pb–206Pb age of sources of Late Cenozoic volcanic rocks of the crust-mantle transition in relation to the age of ophiolites and ancient blocks exposed on the surface of the crust: transect Kitoi–Baydrag of the Baikal-Mongolian region","authors":"I. Chuvashova, S. Rasskazov, E. Saranina","doi":"10.26516/2541-9641.2022.2.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26516/2541-9641.2022.2.61","url":null,"abstract":"The results of determinations of Pb isotope ratios in Late Cenozoic volcanic rocks of the southwestern part of the Baikal rift system along the Kitoi-Baidrag transect are presented. The obtained 207Pb–206Pb estimates of the restite material incubation time in the springs are in good agreement with the Precambrian dating of ensembles of ancient continental blocks and ophiolite belts exposed on the Earth's surface. The sources are distinguished along the transect: the ancient Gargan block of the Tuva-Mongolian microcontinent (massif) with the Hadean protolith and Archean-Neoproterozoic events; Khangai and, possibly, Dzhida-Khangai slabs, and the ancient Baidrag block, a fragment of the Tarbagatai-Dzabkhan microcontinent. According by the dating of the sources, the tectonosphere of the early and middle mantle geodynamic epochs in the Baikal-Mongolian region included 3 layers: lower (proto-mantle), middle (mantle evolved), and upper (crust-mantle transition, CMP). In the Khangai continental domain, the protoliths of a wide Precambrian age range of sources were generally modified about 660 Ma ago. At the end of the Neoproterozoic and in the Early-Middle Phanerozoic, the mantle stabilized against the background of transformations of the ILC zone. In the tectonosphere of the latest geodynamic stage, the processes of transformation of three layers became active again: the proto-mantle, the evolved mantle, and the IMF.","PeriodicalId":44327,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79678419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of geochemical signatures for sources of Cenozoic sedimentary deposits laterally to South Baikal","authors":"A. A. Hamud, S. Rasskazov, I. Chuvashova, T. Yasnygina, A. Hassan","doi":"10.26516/2541-9641.2022.1.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26516/2541-9641.2022.1.110","url":null,"abstract":"Geochemical signatures of Oligocene and Miocene sedimentary deposits from the Khoygot Paleovalley of Vitim Plateau changed successively over time that reflected change in sources of terrigenic material in the context of the migratory nature of the development of the river network. Geochemical signatures of Eocene-Miocene sedimentary deposits from the eastern (Mishikha-Klyuevka) and western (Osinovka) paleovalleys of the Tankhoy tectonic step of South Baikal were uniform that indicates long-term intake of sedimentary material from a common source. Composition of sedimentary material from paleovalleys of the Tankhoy step was controlled by a limited catchment. After the early Pliocene structural reorganization, geochemical signatures of sedimentary deposits from the eastern part of the Tankhoy tectonic step became similar to those of the Pliocene-Quaternary alluvium frpm the Proto-Manzurka valley of the opposite (north-western) coast of Lake Baikal. It is assumed that the common source of Pliocene-Quaternary sedimentary material was located in Jurassic (Pra-Manzurka) and Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous (eastern part of the Tankhoy tectonic step) sedimentary rocks, disintegrated and eroded on the uplifts of the Primorsky and Khamar-Daban ranges.","PeriodicalId":44327,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76798398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Литогеохимические и палинологические показатели палеоклимата раннего плиоцена в озерных отложениях из разреза манзурского аллювия (Предбайкалье)","authors":"S. Rasskazov, A. A. Hamud, A. Hassan, N.V. Kulagina, I.S. Chuvashova, T. Yasnygina, R.C. Budaev","doi":"10.26516/2541-9641.2022.1.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26516/2541-9641.2022.1.45","url":null,"abstract":"The Manzurka alluvium is a polychronous complex of accumulations of sand and pebbles in the Pliocene-Early Pleistocene Proto-Manzurka paleovalley. Layers of fine-grained (aleurite and clay) material are rare in the alluvium. In the earliest (Buguldeika) alluvial horizon of the paleovalley, a 3-meter lacustrine lens of horizontally layered fine-fragmented sediments was found, in which a fairly uniform composition of spore-pollen spectra was determined and a distinct change in lithogeochemical indicators from weak weathering of material in the foot to strong – in the roof of the lens was revealed. From change in the lithogeochemical characteristics of the lacustrine sediments, an episode of early Pliocene paleoclimatic variations of cold and heat was established. It occurred on background of the conservative existence of forest vegetation of warm and humid climate.","PeriodicalId":44327,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment","volume":"682 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77037635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underwater volcanic eruptions at the beginning of formation Lakes Baikal and Khubsugul","authors":"Ch. Shoidonov, S. Rasskazov","doi":"10.26516/2541-9641.2022.1.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26516/2541-9641.2022.1.122","url":null,"abstract":"Terrestrial volcanism was widely distributed in the Tunka Valley of the Baikal Rift Zone. Underwater eruptions were characteristic only of the areas of connection of the eastern and western ends of the valley, respectively, with basins of lakes Baikal and Khubsugul. The Kultuk volcano erupted in underwater conditions in the early Miocene, about 18 Ma and the Hulugaisha and Gorkhonka ones – in the middle of the Miocene, about 15–14 Ma. Underwater volcanic eruptions, along with the accumulation of fine-grained sediments show existence in the early and middle Miocene of water reserviors that could belong to lakes Baikal and Khubsugul that were formed at that time.","PeriodicalId":44327,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73727502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}