Nativa最新文献

{"title":"OTIMIZAÇÃO DO CRESCIMENTO VEGETATIVO E PRODUTIVIDADE DA MANDIOCA POR MEIO DE BIOESTIMULANTE E MÉTODOS DE CULTIVO","authors":"Thais Chavans Paolino, Murillo Martins Rezende, João Vitor Cordeiro Malenowtch, Alex Mendonça de Carvalho, Erico Tadao Teramoto, Samuel Ferrari","doi":"10.31413/nat.v11i4.16545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v11i4.16545","url":null,"abstract":"A intensificação da produção, vem instigando o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a resposta no desenvolvimento vegetativo e produtivo da mandioca, frente a métodos de cultivos e aplicação de hormônios vegetais. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos a campo com a cultura da mandioca de mesa. (a) Primeiro experimento - 4 doses de biorregulador vegetal Stimulate® (0, 0,5, 1 e 1,5 L ha-1 do produto comercial) aplicadas via sulco de plantio sobre as manivas da variedade branca; e dois modos de preparo de solo, sendo um, subsolagem e gradagem e o outro sem preparo do solo. (b) Segundo experimento - 4 doses de biorregulador vegetal Stimulate® (0, 0,25, 0,5 e 1,0 L ha-1 do produto comercial); e dois modos de aplicação, sendo o primeiro via sulco de plantio sobre as manivas da variedade amarela, e o segundo via foliar aos 90 dias após o plantio (DAP). O plantio da mandioca sem o revolvimento do solo, indicam superioridade na quantidade, comprimento e produtividade de raízes, além de maior peso da parte aérea. A utilização de doses de bioestimulante, possibilitou maior desenvolvimento vegetativo em altura, diâmetro e peso da parte aérea, além de maior comprimento de raízes. Palavras-chave: manihot esculenta; hormônios vegetais; preparo solo.   Optimization of vegetative growth and sweet cassava yield through biostimulant and cultivation methods   ABSTRACT: The intensification of production in the same area has instigated the development of new technologies. The present work aimed to evaluate the response in the vegetative and productive development of sweet cassava, compared to cultivation methods and plant hormones application. Two field experiments were conducted with sweet cassava cultivation. (a) First experiment - 4 doses of plant bioregulator Stimulate® (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 L ha-1 of the commercial product) applied in planting furrow on the stems of the white variety; and two modes of soil preparation, one being subsoiling and harrowing and the other without soil preparation. (b) Second experiment - 4 doses of plant bioregulator Stimulate® (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 L ha-1 of the commercial product); and two modes of application, the first in planting furrows on the yellow variety stems and the second in the foliar application at 90 days after planting (DAP). Planting sweet cassava without disturbing the soil indicates superiority in the quantity, length and roots yield, and greater weight of the aerial part. The use of biostimulant doses allowed greater vegetative development in height, diameter and weight of the aerial part, in addition to greater root length. Keywords: manihot esculenta; plant hormones; soil tillage.","PeriodicalId":44324,"journal":{"name":"Nativa","volume":"5 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139130397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient callus induction from various explants of Jatropha curcas","authors":"Anfal Ibrahim","doi":"10.31413/nat.v11i4.16175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v11i4.16175","url":null,"abstract":"Jatropha curcas L. is a tropical plant of the Euphorbiaceae family, characterized by its high oil content and its ability to grow in a variety of conditions, which made it the most promising non-food biofuel crop in the world. The current study was directed to develop effective methods of tissue culture using this plant. The study was able to induce callus from cotyledons of sterile seedlings, as well as from true leaves taken from the field and from the embryo, using MS medium supplemented with interfering concentrations of Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) with Benzyl adenine (BA), as the results indicated that The medium containing 0.5 mgL-1 for each of them gave the highest percentage of callus induction for the cotyledonous leaves, true leaves and embryonic peduncle, which reached 100%, 80% and 100%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":44324,"journal":{"name":"Nativa","volume":"110 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139134696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE LONG XUYEN QUADRANGLE, VIETNAMESE MEKONG DELTA","authors":"Tran The Dinh, Nguyen Thi Thanh Nhan, Ho Nguyen","doi":"10.31413/nat.v11i4.16698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v11i4.16698","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change and its impacts have become a serious and concerning global issue. The Vietnamese Mekong Delta, is identified as one of the deltas most adversely affected by climate change. This study aims to assess the potential impacts of climate change on seven major agricultural production systems in the Long Xuyen Quadrangle region within the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in conjunction with calculating climate change impact indices, the research classifies the degree of climate change impact on agriculture, aquaculture and forestry. The study results indicate that different agricultural production systems will experience varying impacts from climate change. For rice cultivation, flooding and drought are identified as the factors with the highest impact. Factors such as temperature increase, changes in rainfall and salinity intrusion have the most significant effects on aquaculture. In contrast, cultivated and natural forests in the research area are less affected by climate change. This assessment outcome could be highly valuable for policymakers in developing local agricultural development plans. Keywords: climate change effects; land use; rice cultivation; saline intrusion.   Impacto potencial das alterações climáticas na produção agrícola no Quadrilátero Long Xuyen, Delta vietnamita do Mekong   RESUMO: As alterações climáticas e os seus impactos tornaram-se uma questão global séria e preocupante. O Delta vietnamita do Mekong é identificado como um dos deltas asiáticos mais afetados pelas alterações climáticas. Este estudo visa avaliar os impactos das alterações climáticas em sete grandes sistemas de produção agrícola na região do Quadrilátero Long Xuyen, no Delta do Mekong, Vietnã. Utilizando o Processo de Hierarquia Analítica (AHP), em conjunto com o cálculo dos índices de impacto das alterações climáticas, a investigação classifica o grau de impacto das alterações climáticas na agricultura, aquicultura e silvicultura. Os resultados do estudo indicam que diferentes sistemas de produção agrícola sofrerão impactos variados das alterações climáticas. Para o cultivo do arroz, as inundações e a seca são identificadas como os fatores de maior impacto. Fatores como o aumento da temperatura, as mudanças nas chuvas e a intrusão de salinidade têm os efeitos mais significativos na aquicultura. Em contraste, as florestas cultivadas e naturais na área de investigação são menos afetadas pelas alterações climáticas. O resultado desta avaliação poderá ser altamente valioso para as decisões políticas no desenvolvimento de planos de desenvolvimento agrícola local. Palavras-chave: efeitos das alterações climáticas; uso da terra; cultivo de arroz; intrusão salina.","PeriodicalId":44324,"journal":{"name":"Nativa","volume":"66 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139132509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of alpha-lactalbumin isolated from camel milk on hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in experimental mice","authors":"Zaid. A Haddad, Kifah Saed DOOSH","doi":"10.31413/nat.v11i4.16333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v11i4.16333","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effect of α-lactalbumin which isolated from camel milk (a-Lac) at 200 and 400 mcg/day against metabolic disorders hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in cholesterol-induced lipidemia for mice. Monitor vital signs as weight of body, fasting glucose in blood level was observe after every week until 8 week (1st 4wk adaption and abnormaling 2nd, 4wk during treatment investigated), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) level and biochemical parameters were were measured after the second 4wk in blood and serum samples, like lipid profiles, insulin resistance, Liver enzymes including ALT, AST, and ALP. The results showed that camel α-La contributed effectively to maintaining vital indicators within healthy limits, and caused decreases in the level of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. It gave activity to liver enzymes. The results were with a clear statistical difference, Recommend the use of camel whey proteins and α-La in particular due to its abundance in camel milk and its therapeutic properties.","PeriodicalId":44324,"journal":{"name":"Nativa","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139131472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benthic invertebrate at three sites on the Tigris River, Iraq","authors":"Rasha Ahmed Hashim","doi":"10.31413/nat.v11i4.16680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v11i4.16680","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted from November 2021 to May 2022 at the three study sites within the Baghdad governorate. The study aims to identify the impact of human activities on the Tigris River, so an area free of human activities was chosen and represented the first site. A total of 48 types were diagnosed, 6204 ind/m3 spread over three sites; The following environmental indicators were evaluated: Constancy Index (S), Relative abundance index (Ra), Richness Index (between 17.995 and 23.251), Shannon Weiner Index (0.48-1.25 bit/ind.), Uniformity Index (0.124 -0.323). The study showed that the highest percentage recorded was for the phylum Annileda 34%; and stability index show that taxes (Stylaria sp, Aoelosoma sp, Branchinra Sowerby, Chrironomidae sp ) found by 100%, the relative abundance index show that Taxes(Seinura sp 46% in site 2)( other nematode 43% in site 3,42% in site 1),(Physa sp 41% in site 1). The physical and chemical factors were measured BOD between (4.4- 1 mg L-1), DO (10.3-8.3 mg L-1), E.C (893-532 ‰), NO3 (3.12-1 mg L-1), O.M (4.76-1 %), pH (6.8-7.5), PO4 (0.39-0.1 mg L-1), S (0.340-0.571 %), T.H. (321-489 mg L-1), TDS (450-276 mg L-1), Turb (6.3-3.4 mg L-1), C.W. (0.97-0.51 m sec-1), W.T. (13-7 D°). Keywords: environmental monitoring; water quality; aquatic macroinvertebrates.   Invertebrados bentônicos em três locais do Rio Tigres, Bagdá, Iraque   RESUMO: O estudo foi realizado de novembro de 2021 a maio de 2022, em três locais na província de Bagdá, objetivando identificar o impacto das atividades humanas no Rio Tigre; nesse caso, foi escolhida uma área livre de atividades humanas – representando o ponto de coleta 1. Foram diagnosticados 48 tipos, 6.204 ind/m3 distribuídos em três locais. Foram avaliados os seguintes indicadores ambientais: índice de constância (S), Índice de Abundância Relativa (Ra), Índice de Riqueza entre (17.995-23.251), Shannon Weiner Índice (0,48-1,25 bit/ind.), índice de uniformidade (0,124 -0,323) e índice de estabilidade. The study showed that the highest percentage recorded was for the phylum Annileda (34%) and that the species Stylaria sp, Aoelosoma sp, Branchinra Sowerby, Chrironomidae sp were found in 100% of the evaluations; the relative abundance index shows that Seinura sp represents 46% at site 2; other nematodes represent 43% at site 2 3.42% at site 1; Physa sp represents 41% of observations at site 1. Os fatores físicos e químicos medidos apresentaram os seguintes resultados: BOD entre (4.4- 1 mg L-1), DO (10.3-8.3 mg L-1), E.C (893-532 ‰), NO3 (3.12-1 mg L-1), O.M (4.76-1 %), pH (6.8-7.5), PO4 (0.39-0.1 mg L-1), S (0.340-0.571 %), T.H. (321-489 mg L-1), TDS (450-276 mg L-1), Turb (6.3-3.4 mg L-1), C.W. (0.97-0.51 m sec-1), W.T. (13-7 D°). Palavras-chave:  monitoramento ambiental; qualidade da água; macroinvertebrados aquáticos.","PeriodicalId":44324,"journal":{"name":"Nativa","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139131621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AVALIAÇÃO “IN VITRO” DO AMINOFOSFITO DE COBRE® EM FUNGOS FITOPATOGÊNICOS","authors":"Leonardo Maciel Terra","doi":"10.31413/nat.v11i4.13087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v11i4.13087","url":null,"abstract":"Os fosfitos são compostos à base de fósforo que atuam como indutores do sistema de defesa das plantas, ou são diretamente tóxicos aos patógenos, constituindo uma das alternativas no manejo integrado de doenças. Este trabalho avalia o efeito in vitro do Aminofosfito de Cobre® (Ubyfol) sobre os  fungos fitopatogênicos: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Exserohilum turcicum, Fusarium oxysporum, Stenocarpella maydis. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, realizado em duplicata, com 5 tratamentos e 5 repetições, constituídos das doses de 0; 0,25; 0,5; 0,75 e 1,0 L.ha-1 de Aminofosfito de Cobre®, acrescidas em meio de cultura BDA. O experimento foi realizado no Laboratório de Microbiologia das Faculdades Associadas de Uberaba (FAZU), mensurando-se o Índice de Velocidade de Crescimento Micelial (IVCM) e o Percentual de Inibição de Crescimento (PIC) micelial dos fungos. A dose de 0,25 L.ha-1 reduziu significativamente o IVCM dos fungos S. sclerotiorum e S. maydis, e apresentou valores consideráveis de PIC micelial. Os fungos E. turcicum e F. oxysporum apresentaram redução significativa do IVCM apenas a partir da dose 1,0 L.ha-1. Esse foi o primeiro estudo com a avaliação do Aminofosfito de Cobre® no controle dos fungos citados. Os resultados indicam que o uso desse produto apresenta efeito direto sobre determinados microrganismos causadores de doenças em plantas.","PeriodicalId":44324,"journal":{"name":"Nativa","volume":"122 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139134271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PLANEJAMENTO DA REDE VIÁRIA NO MANEJO DE FLORESTA NATIVA UTILIZANDO SIG","authors":"Fidel Cándano Acosta, Adalfredo Sousa Dziubat, Gean Marcos Xavier da Silva, Marcos Leandro García, José Luís Martínez Cantón","doi":"10.31413/nat.v11i4.15624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v11i4.15624","url":null,"abstract":"O trabalho teve como objetivo planejar a rede de estradas, pátios de estocagem de toras e trilhas de arraste na extração das árvores comerciais na floresta nativa com auxílio dos sistemas de informação geográfica (SIG). As camadas de informações consideradas foram: hidrologia, declividade do terreno e a distribuição das árvores comerciais. Foi calculada a densidade ótima de estradas (DOE) baseada no custo de arraste e no custo de estradas e pátios. A partir da estrada primária foram alocadas as estradas secundárias, os pátios e por fim se alocaram as trilhas primárias e as trilhas secundárias.  De acordo com os cálculos da DOE, o espaçamento de 500 m entre estradas e o espaçamento entre pátios 250 m apresentou o menor custo total. Quando comparado com o planejamento convencional, de 400 m entre estradas e 500 m entre pátios, a densidade de estradas diminuiu 5 m/ha, embora o número de pátios tenha aumentado de 18 para 26 e a área total da infraestrutura tenha sido iguais de 1,6 %, porém a produtividade do arraste de toras aumentou em 8,47 m3/h devido à diminuição da distância de arraste em 103,48 m e o custo total da colheita foi reduzido em R$ 2,37/m3.  Palavras-chave: manejo florestal; custo mínimo; planejamento florestal com SIG.   Road network planning in native forest management using GIS   ABSTRACT: The objective of the work was to plan the network of roads, log storage yards and skid trails in extracting commercial trees in the native forest with the aid of geographic information systems (GIS). The layers of information considered were hydrology, the slope of the land, and the distribution of commercial trees. The optimal road density (DOE) was calculated based on the cost of skidding and the cost of roads and storage yards. From the primary road, the secondary roads were allocated, then the courtyards, and finally, the primary and secondary skid trails were allocated. According to DOE calculations, the spacing of 500 m between roads and the spacing between yards of 250 m had the lowest total cost. When compared to conventional planning, of 400 m between roads and 500 m between yards, the density of roads decreased by 5 m/ha, although the number of yards increased from 18 to 26 and the total infrastructure area was equal to 1 .6%, however log dragging productivity increased by 8.47 m3/h due to the reduction in the skidding distance by 103.48 m and the total harvest cost was reduced by R$ 2.37/m3. Keywords: forest management; minimum cost; forest planning with GIS.","PeriodicalId":44324,"journal":{"name":"Nativa","volume":"59 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139130852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CAPACIDADE DE BROTAÇÃO DE DOIS CLONES DE EUCALIPTO EM SISTEMA SILVIPASTORIL NO SUDOESTE DA AMAZÔNIA","authors":"Cristiane Dos Santos Miranda, Felippe Coelho de Souza, Giuliano Casagranda","doi":"10.31413/nat.v11i4.16315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v11i4.16315","url":null,"abstract":"O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade de brotação de dois clones de eucalipto sob diferentes níveis de adubação em sistema silvipastoril no sudoeste da Amazônia. O povoamento onde se conduziu a brotação foi implantado em dezembro de 2018 em Capixaba, Acre. As árvores foram submetidas a decepa em dezembro de 2021. O delineamento estatístico foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial de 2 (clones) x 3 (níveis de adubação), com três repetições e seis tratamentos. Os tratamentos com o cloneVM01 demonstraram valores de sobrevivência acima de 95%, o que evidencia boa adaptação às condições ambientais da região. Os tratamentos do clone I144 apresentaram sobrevivência abaixo de 55% na última avaliação. Verificou-se forte correlação de diâmetro da cepa (dt) com sobrevivência (R), número de brotos (NB) e altura das brotações (H), o que contribuiu para que os tratamentos com o clone VM01 apresentassem os maiores valores para R, NB e H. A diferenciação nas doses de NPK aplicadas não resultou em variações (p>0,05) no crescimento inicial e nos tecidos foliares. A condução da brotação mostrou-se um método promissor para o clone VM01, enquanto para o manejo do clone I144, esta técnica não deve ser recomendada para a região do estudo. Palavras-chave: talhadia; integração pecuária floresta; Eucalyptus spp; sistemas agroflorestais.   Sprouting capacity of two eucalyptus clones in silvopastoral system in Southwest Amazonia   ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to evaluate the sprouting capacity of two eucalyptus clones under different levels of fertilization in a silvopastoral system in southwest Amazonia. The stand where budding was conducted was implanted in December 2018 in Capixaba, Acre. The trees underwent felling in December 2021. The statistical design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme of 2 (clones) x 3 (fertilization levels), with three replications and six treatments. Treatments with cloneVM01 showed survival values ​​above 95%, which shows good adaptation to the environmental conditions of the region. Clone I144 treatments showed survival below 55% in the last evaluation. There was a strong correlation between vine diameter (dt) and survival (R), number of shoots (NB) and height of shoots (H), which contributed to the fact that treatments with clone VM01 presented the highest values ​​for R, NB and H. Differentiation in applied NPK doses did not result in variations (p>0.05) in initial growth and leaf tissues. Sprouting proved to be a promising method for clone VM01, while for the management of clone I144; this technique should not be recommended for the study region. Keywords: coppice; forest livestock integration; Eucalyptus spp; agroforestry systems.","PeriodicalId":44324,"journal":{"name":"Nativa","volume":"113 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139133503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining The Concentration of Heavy Metals in Soil Contaminated with Crude Oil at Al-Kasak and Al-Qayyarah Sites According to Environmental Indices of Pollution","authors":"Basil younis","doi":"10.31413/nat.v11i4.16521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v11i4.16521","url":null,"abstract":"Contaminated soil samples were collected from Al-Kasak refinery and Al-Qayyarah refinery in western and southern Nineveh, at specific distances in six dimensions (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300) meters from the source of pollution, to study the concentrations of heavy metals Pb, Mn, Ni, Cd, and the effect of oil refinery pollutants on some soil pollution standards, in addition to some physical and chemical properties of the soil and their concentrations. The results showed an increase in the concentration of heavy metals in the soil near the sources of pollution, with cadmium significantly superior to Al-Qayyarah site over Al-Kasak site (491.744) mg/kg, and lead, nickel and manganese recorded a higher concentration at Al-Kasak site compared to Al-Qayyarah site (166.356, 114.687, 36.487) mg/kg, respectively, and the order of mineral elements in the two study sites was Cd>Pb>Ni>Mn. As for the Contamination Factor (CF), it was Cd > Pb > Ni > Mn with values of 684.50, 9.91, 5.13, and 0.1701, where the concentration factor was highly polluted for cadmium and lead, and with significant contamination for nickel, while manganese was low in contamination, cadmium recorded severe pollution at Al-Qayyarah site compared to Al-Kasak site, while lead, nickel and manganese recorded significant contamination at Al-Kasak site compared to Al-Qayyarah. In addition, the pollution load index (PLI) was at the level of 5.81, 4.67 highly polluted at D1 and D2, while the rest of the percentages were at the level of 2, moderate pollution, Al-Kasak site had the highest pollution (PLI) value of (6.28), while the ecological risk (ER) averaged (20534.88, 16896.71, 19867.11, 19063.14, 18721.07, 18888.61), which indicates that all the sites had very high pollution, and the ecological risk index was also within the limits of very high pollution, with the highest value on D1 recorded (20568.45), and the potential ecological risk of cadmium was very high at Al-Qayyarah site with a value of (19410.95) compared to Al-Kasak site, where the ecological risk of lead, nickel and manganese was very high, and the ecological risk indices for Al-Qayyarah site were high compared to Al-Kasak site. The aim of the study is to estimate the concentration of heavy metals, according to environmental indices and the impact of oil refineries on the ecosystem in raising the level of heavy metal concentration.","PeriodicalId":44324,"journal":{"name":"Nativa","volume":"80 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139130403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA O CONHECIMENTO DA FAUNA DE BORBOLETAS DA FLORESTA NACIONAL DE PASSO FUNDO","authors":"C. Ribeiro, Júlia de Moraes Brandalise, Michelle Helena Nervo, Cristiano Roberto Buzatto","doi":"10.31413/nat.v11i4.16160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v11i4.16160","url":null,"abstract":"As borboletas mantêm uma relação estreita com as espécies de plantas e podem fornecer informações cruciais sobre a qualidade ambiental de seus habitats, atuando como valiosas bioindicadores. Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar as espécies de borboletas presentes na Mata Atlântica da Floresta Nacional de Passo Fundo. Foram selecionados oito fragmentos para amostragem ativa, visando capturar borboletas nectarívoras, e em cinco desses fragmentos, realizou-se tanto amostragem ativa quanto passiva para capturar borboletas frugívoras. O esforço combinado totalizou 70 horas de amostragem ativa e 84.750 horas de amostragem passiva, resultando na identificação de 169 espécies de borboletas. Dentre essas, 123 são espécies nectarívoras e 46 são espécies frugívoras. Nymphalidae destacou-se como a família mais diversa, abrangendo cerca de 50% das espécies. Notavelmente, diversas espécies proeminentes foram registradas, incluindo Arcas ducalis (Westwood, 1852), que é indicativa de ambientes preservados. O estudo também oferece insights significativos sobre interações entre as espécies e inclui documentação visual de alguns espécimes individuais. Palavras-chave: Nymphalidae; Mata Atlântica; interação animal-planta; borboletas frugívoras; borboletas nectarívoras.   Contribution to the knowledge of Lepidoptera fauna in Passo Fundo National Forest   ABSTRACT: Butterflies maintain a close relationship with plant species and can provide crucial insights into the environmental quality of their habitats, serving as valuable bioindicators. This study aims to investigate butterfly species occurring in the Atlantic Forest of Passo Fundo National Forest. Eight fragments were selected for active sampling to capture nectar-feeding butterflies, and among these, five fragments underwent both active and passive sampling to capture fruit-feeding butterflies. The combined effort involved 70 hours of active sampling and 84,750 hours of passive sampling, resulting in the identification of 169 butterfly species. Among these, 123 are nectar-feeding species, and 46 are fruit-feeding species. Nymphalidae emerged as the most diverse family, encompassing approximately 50% of the species. Notably, several prominent species were registered, including Arcas ducalis (Westwood, 1852), which is indicative of preserved environments. The study also provides significant insights into species interactions and includes visual documentation of certain individual specimens. Keywords: Nymphalidae; Atlantic Forest; animal-plant interaction; fruit-feeding butterflies; nectarivorous butterflies.","PeriodicalId":44324,"journal":{"name":"Nativa","volume":"106 s412","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}