Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Red Blood Cells Alloimmunization and Autoimmunization in Multi-transfused Thalassemia Patients in South of Iran","authors":"Farogh Homeirani, M. Keramati, M. Sadeghian, Zeynab Mozafari, Azam Moradi Zarmehri","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v9i1.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v9i1.295","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recurrent blood transfusion is a common treatment in patients with thalassemia. The development of antibodies against red blood cell (RBC) antigens complicates RBC cross-matching, enhances the in vivo destruction of transfused cells, accelerates tissue iron overloading, delays the provision of safe transfusion, and reduces health-related quality of life. \u0000Materials and Methods: In total, 516 thalassemia patients with a mean age of 18.5 years were included in this cross-sectional study in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran, in cooperation with the Abu Rayhan Special Medical Center and Hormozgan Blood Transfusion Organization between June 2015 and May 2016. The detection and identification of alloantibodies were done using 3 screen cells and 11 panel cells, respectively. To detect autoantibodies, auto-control was performed using polyspecific Coombs (IgG + C3d) standard method. \u0000Results: Alloantibodies and autoantibodies were observed in 16 (3.1%) and 21 (4.1%) patients, respectively. Among patients with alloantibodies, 2 patients (12.5%) developed 3 antibodies (Anti-c,E,P1; Anti-c,E,K), 1 patient (6.25%) developed 2 antibodies (Anti-D,C), and 13 patients developed 1 antibody (4 patients Anti-D (25%); 3 Anti-K (18.75%); 2 Anti-E (12.5%); 2 Anti-C (12.5%); 1 Anti-Jka (6.25%); and 1 Anti-Jkb (6.25%)). A statistically significant correlation between patient age (P = 0.031), age of splenectomy (P = 0.006), Rh(D) (P = 0.001), leukoreduction of RBCs (P = 0.043), and type of disease (P = 0.006) with RBC alloimmunization was seen. \u0000Conclusions: This study emphasized the need for the determination of RBC minor antigens, especially for Rh, Kell, and Kidd blood group systems, before the first transfusion and transfusion of antigen-matched blood. In addition, transfusion of prestorage leukoreduced packed cells is recommended for these patients. \u0000Keywords: Alloimmunization, Autoimmunization, Blood Transfusion, Thalassemia","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76805416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary kaposiform hemangioendothelioma of ulna","authors":"Sami Sam Hajialiloo, A. Izanloo, M. Mirkazemi","doi":"10.18502/IJPHO.V9I1.297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/IJPHO.V9I1.297","url":null,"abstract":"Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular neoplasm that can be potentially low malignant and mainly affects infants and adolescents. This tumor usually is seen in the skin, soft tissue, and retroperitoneum. This study is a case of KHE in the long bone of the ulna. The subject was a 7-year-old female patient with osteolytic lesion in the forearm without cutaneous lesions. Histologically, the neoplasms comprised of nodules of spindle-to oval-shaped cells that grew in an infiltrative fashion. The results of 2-year follow-up of the patient after enblec resection were desirable and no recurrence was observed. This is the first study to report a case of KHE of the bone in Iran. Keywords: Bone, Hemangioma, Hemangioendothelioma, Kaposiform","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73922758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pubertal status and its relation with serum ferritin level in thalassemia major patients","authors":"M. A. Aghamaleki, A. Tamaddoni, H. M. Nesheli, M. Hajiahmadi, Motahareh Amouzadeh Samakoush, Faeze Aghajanpour","doi":"10.18502/IJPHO.V9I1.294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/IJPHO.V9I1.294","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thalassemia major (TM) is one of the most common hereditary anemia with multiple endocrinopathies (especially hypogonadism). So, we evaluated the rate of delayed puberty (DP) and its relation with serum ferritin level in patients. \u0000Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study was conducted on 100 patients with TM between 14-64 years old, admitted to Amirkola Thalassemia Center, Babol, Iran, in 2016. The pubertal status, (Marshall-Tanner scale), existance of DP, and its different types were evaluated. Mean serum ferritin level was measured and the data were classified to three groups of <1500, 1500-2500, and >2500 ng/ml. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version20). \u0000Results: Out of 100 patients, 64 (64%) and 36 (36%) were female and male, respectively. Considering age, 23, 77 patients (%) were under and over 20 years old, respectively. Totally, 69 (69%) of them had DP, of whom 64 (92.8%) ones had secondary (central) hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Mean serum ferritin level (±SD) was 2707.94±1683.42 ng/ml. In addition, 26, 29, and 45 patients had ferritin level <1500, 1500-2500, and >2500 ng/ml, respectively. Thirty two patients with DP (46.4%) had ferritin level above 2500 ng/ml (p-value= 0.623). \u0000Conclusion: The results showed a high frequency of DP in TM patients, requiring careful examination and follow-up in terms of puberty for early diagnosis and proper treatment to improve their quality of life, and prevention of the complications like osteoporosis. We couldn't find any significant relationship between serum ferritin level and hypogonadism, even for cases who received enough iron chelators. \u0000Keywords: Delayed Puberty, Ferritin, Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism, Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism, Thalassemia Major \u0000  \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82821227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic induced hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia among pediatric patients admitted to intensive care unit","authors":"Hassan Taherahmadi, Alireza Moradabadi, Ali Arjomand Shabestari, J. Nazari, M. Kahbazi","doi":"10.18502/IJPHO.V9I1.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/IJPHO.V9I1.291","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Drug induced hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia (DIHA and DIT) are common drug adverse effects of antibiotics in patients admitted to hospital.  This reaction is important in patients who have a chronic disease especially in pediatrics. In this study, possible hemolytic anemia was investigated before and after the antibiotics administration. \u0000Materials and Methods: A total of 835 children were investigated in this retrospective study. The laboratory tests were performed before and at least one week after antibiotics administration. The red blood cell (RBC), platelet (plt), hematocrit (Hct), and hemoglobin (Hb) were measured. \u0000Results: With respect to age, 76.11% of studied patients were under 6 years old. The others were between 6-10 years (mean 5.38 years). The two tailed T tests results on the patients’ information showed  a difference between RBC, platelet, hematocrit, and hemoglobin values before and after antibiotics administration to the point where the RBC mean counts before and after administration were 4.53 to 3.82 *1012/L, respectively. These changes for plt, Hb, and Hct were 323.5 to 232.5 *109/L, 13.61 to 11.46 mg/dL, and 40.83 to 34.38 %, respectively. The p-values were 0.000025, 0.000051, 0.000061, and 0.000032 for RBC, platelet, hematocrit, and hemoglobin; respectively. This finding confirmed that antibiotics administration can decrease the platelets and RBC count. The antibiotics used in the children were ceftriaxone (38.2%), clindamycin (23.3%), Clarithromycin (19.6%), and acyclovir (12.1%); respectively. The dose of the ceftriaxone varied from 50 mg/kg to 70 mg/kg in shigelloses and pneumonia, respectively. Additionally, clindamycin, clarithromycin, and acyclovir were prescribed for 10 mg/kg, 5-10, and 10 mg/kg per day; respectively. \u0000Conclusion: This study showed that antibiotics administration had adverse effects and should be considered when they are prescribed to children with chronic diseases. The physicians should be awarded about proper dosing to decrease adverse effects. \u0000Keywords: Anti-Bacterial Agents, Drug-Related Side Effects, Adverse Reactions, Hemolytic Anemia, Pediatric, Thrombocytopenia  ","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79505010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity, Dyslipidemia and Insulin Resistance in Survivors of Childhood Cancer","authors":"Soundarya Mahalingam MD, K. G. Md, Anita Dhulipalli Mbbs, Saravanan Ramaswamy MD","doi":"10.18502/ijpho.v9i1.290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpho.v9i1.290","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: With the increased survival rates following the treatment of childhood cancer, it becomes equally important that the need for evidence based surveillance of long term effects of cancer therapy is addressed. This includes the risk of development of metabolic syndrome features like obesity, altered lipid and sugar profile, which was attempted in the present study. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional case study, 50 survivors of childhood cancer aged between 5 – 18 years were recruited. Positive history of obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and stroke in family were recorded and their anthropometry was noted with calculation of their Body Mass Index (BMI). Fasting lipid profile, blood sugar, and serum insulin levels were tested; the Homeostatic model assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA IR) value and the Fasting Glucose to Insulin Ratio(FGIR) were derived as markers of insulin sensitivity.  The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 17.0). Results: In these fifty children, the risk factors studied for dyslipidemia and insulin resistance due to chemotherapy were: age at diagnosis, sex, radiation exposure, steroid, and L-asparaginase use during the treatment for cancer. Among the fifty survivors, 7 were found obese, 32 normal, and 11 underweight as per the age specific BMI charts. Their metabolic parameters showed that 12 had raised cholesterol levels, 8 had raised triglyceride levels, and 4 had lowered HDL-C levels. Nine survivors also had raised HOMA-IR levels. However, these metabolic derangements were not found to be statistically significant (p value>0.05) and no correlation was found between the risk factors and obesity, dyslipidemia, or insulin resistance. Conclusion: As against the prior evidence, there was no risk of developing obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in survivors of childhood cancers.  Keywords: Dyslipidemias, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Survivors of childhood cancer","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68128861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation Efficacy of Ferrous Sulfate Therapy on Headaches of 5-15 Years Old Iron Deficient Children with Migraine.","authors":"R Fallah,&nbsp;S Zare Bidoki,&nbsp;M Ordooei","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Some researches have shown the association between iron deficiency and migraine headache in adults. The aim of present study was to evaluate efficacy of ferrous sulfate treatment on migraine headaches of 5-15 years old migraineur children with iron deficiency.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In a quasi- experimental study, monthly frequency, severity, duration and disability of headaches of 5-15 years old migraineur children that prophylactic therapy was indicated in them and had iron deficiency who were referred to Pediatric Neurology Clinic of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran between 2013 and 2015 and were treated with 2mg/kg/day topiramate plus 4mg/kg/day of ferrous sulfate for three consecutive months, were evaluated and headache characteristics before and after treatment were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 98 children with mean age of 9.72±3.19 were evaluated that 31children (31.6%) had iron deficiency. Monthly frequency (22.89±7.18 vs.14.5±4.56, P= 0.02), severity score (8.12± 1.76 vs. 5.03±1.15, P= 0.02) and disability score of headache (38.23±10.7vs. 30.12±7.46, P= 0.03) were more in children with iron deficiency. Iron therapy was effective in decreasing of monthlyfrequency 22.89± 7.18 vs. 10.13±4.51, P = 0.001), severity score (8.12±1.76 vs. 5.11±1.62, P =0.001), duration (2.14±1.23 vs.1.14±1.01, P= 0.001) and disability score of headache (38.23±10.7 vs. 22.87±8.65, P= 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In children, iron deficiency increased monthly frequency, severity and disability of migraine headache and ferrous sulfate can be used as a safe and effective drug in migraine prophylaxis.</p>","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"32-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4867169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34515536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Hospitalized Children Under 2-Years Old.","authors":"H Farhangi,&nbsp;A Ghasemi,&nbsp;A Banihashem,&nbsp;Z Badiei,&nbsp;L Jarahi,&nbsp;G Eslami,&nbsp;T Langaee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the most prevalent cause of thrombocytopenia in children. Despite the importance of ITP in children under 2-years old, only a few publications are available in the literature.ITP usually presents itself as isolated thrombocytopenia and mucocutaneous bleeding.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was conducted on 187 under 2-year-old children diagnosed with ITP and treated at Dr. Sheikh Hospital from 2004 to 2011.In this retrospective study, clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, history of viral infections, vaccination history, and treatment efficacy in children under 2-years old with ITP were investigated.Patients were followed for one year after being discharged from the hospital.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk of the disease developing into chronic form was higher in older children (0.001). ITP in children under 3-months old was significantly associated with vaccination (p=0.007). There was no significant differences between male and female patients in regards to newly diagnosed ITP, persistent, and chronic disease status (p = 0.21). No significant difference in bleeding symptoms was observed between patients under 3-months old and 3 to 24-months old (p=0.18).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Infantile ITP respond favorably to treatment. The risk of the disease developing into chronic form is higher in 3-to-24-month-old children compared to under-three-month olds.</p>","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"24-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4867168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34515535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Anemia and Helicobacter Pylori Infection in school age Children; A case reports.","authors":"Sh Gheibi,&nbsp;M Noroozi,&nbsp;S Hejazi,&nbsp;M Karamyyar,&nbsp;H Farrokh-Eslamlou","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iron-deficiency anemia is a widespread public health problem with major consequences for human health especially, children. However, in a fraction of patients an underlying cause is never found during routine investigation. Recent studies have suggested an association between Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection and iron-deficiency anemia.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Here is reported four school aged children (two male, two female) with refractory severe iron-deficiency anemia associated H. Pylori gastritis. Mean age of the patients was 13.62 years old and they were admitted with chief complaints of abdominal, chest pain weakness, headache and respiratory distress. Mean hemoglobin level in patients was 6.2 g/dl with persistence to iron therapy. After the diagnosis and therapy of H. pylori infection, clinical complaints, hemoglobin level and iron profiles were being normal and they gained weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests screening of H. pylori infection and appropriate treatment in any case of refractory moderate to severe iron-deficiency anemia, especially with clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal tract in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"64-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4867173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34516724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological Indices in Children with Non-organic Failure to Thrive: a Case-Control Study.","authors":"A H Jafari Nodoshan,&nbsp;A Hashemi,&nbsp;A Golzar,&nbsp;F Karami,&nbsp;R Akhondzaraini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-organic failure to thrive (NFTT) is the most common cause of failure to thrive (FTT) which is attributed to inadequate nutrition due to economic factors or parental neglect . NFTT can lead to a vicious cycle of poor and inadequate eating and severity of anemia. The aim of this study was to determine the hematological indices in children with NFTT.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In a cross sectional case control study, iron status and blood indices of forty five aged 6-60 months children with NFTT were evaluated and compared with 45 healthy control children (with matching of age and sex).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, the prevalence of anemia was 48.9% in NFTT compared to 11.4% in the control group (p<0.001). Microcytic anemia was significantly more prevalent among the subjects than the controls (77.8% versus 27.3%; p<0. 001). The serum iron level was 73.2 and 62.8 mcg/dl for the case and control groups (P=0.29). The ferritin level in the study group was 29.8 versus 35.47 ng/ml in the control group (p=0.227). The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among children with mild, moderate, and severe underweight was 44.4%, 45.5%, and 48%, respectively. The highest prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia was seen between age group of 12 and 24 months (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results of this study, a correlation between malnutrition and anemia was found. However, further studies are needed to assess and confirm the current outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"38-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4867170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34515537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implantable Port Devices, Complications and outcome in Pediatric Cancer, a Retrospective Study.","authors":"H Esfahani,&nbsp;M Ghorbanpor,&nbsp;A Tanasan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peripheral blood vessels, due to availability are used for many years in cancer patients, however in patients with potentially harmful drugs to skin (vesicant drugs) or difficult accessibility to vessels, the use of implantable port (totally implantable venous access port-TIVAP) devices with central vascular access are important.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, 85 pediatric cancer patients younger than 16 years, with TIVAP implantation, were followed for their complications and outcome. In addition to demographic data, patients' port complications were assessed and compared with published articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean days of implanted port usage were 531 ± 358 days in all patients. This period was 287 ±194 days in complicated patients. Complications included as infection (tunnel infection and catheter related blood-stream infection), malfunction and thrombosis, skin erosion, tube avulsion, and tube adhesion to the adjacent vessels were seen in 30.6% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the published data and this experience, the most common complications in TIVAP are infection and catheter malfunction. It is important to notice that in order to prolong its efficacious life, effective sterilization methods, prevention of clot formation and trauma, are the most useful measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":44212,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4867165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34515532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}