National Journal of Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Social and Cultural Norms; Still a Resistance to Nursing Care Homes for Older Patients in KPK, Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Shoaib","doi":"10.21089/njhs.84.0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21089/njhs.84.0142","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The percentage of the elderly population is increasing worldwide. The same trend is also observed in Pakistan. The elderly face many health problems in their advanced age. Elderly those who have chronic conditions like stroke need special and long-term care. So, for the provision of long-term care nursing care homes are crucial in a community. But, unfortunately in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, there is strong resistance to nursing care homes due to cultural and social norms.","PeriodicalId":441304,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"329 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139149160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Photographic Assessment of Smile by Modifying Crown Height, Width and Angulation of Maxillary Lateral Incisor among Orthodontic Patients of Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"H. Pervez, A. Sattar, Marium Iqbal, Nasreen Iqbal Nagani, Sadia Shabbir, H. Sultan, Khadija Zafar, Zainab Javed","doi":"10.21089/njhs.84.0168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21089/njhs.84.0168","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Smile aesthetics vary culturally, influenced by media and the Golden Proportion in dental beauty. Challenges arise with missing lateral incisors, treated through composite build-up or canine substitution, highlighting the importance of crown dimensions and the need for clinician expertise in personalized treatments. Objectives: The objective of the study is to evaluate the influence of altering height, width and angulation of maxillary lateral incisors on the perception of smile. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at OPD of Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi from January 2020 to June 2020, on 120 orthodontic patients (44 males and 76 females) aged between 15 and 35 years. Photoshopped photographs of an ideal smile were shown to the participants. In an ideal smile photo, the width of lateral incisor was 62% of the width of maxillary central incisors. The pictures showed to the participants had modifications in terms of crown heights, width and angulation of only maxillary lateral incisor without doing any changes to the other maxillary teeth. The responses of the participants were graded on the basis of perception of attractiveness. Result: Mean score for height, width and angulation changes were obtained. The highest score by males was given to lateral incisor whose length was increased by 1mm (6.87±2.21) and in females; the highest score was given to lateral incisor which is modified by adding 0.5 mm increment (6.98±1.05). Both males and females preferred narrow lateral incisors as esthetically attractive. The mean highest scores for the decrease in width given by males were 6.52±2.52 and 6.8±2.217 by females, respectively. Both males (6.37±2.18) and females (6.64±1.81) preferred 10 degrees of mesial angulation of lateral incisor as more esthetically pleasing. Changes in distal angulation of more than 5 degrees are considered unattractive by both genders. Mean values were 6.04±2.15 for males and 6.00±1.99 for females. Conclusion: In conclusion females are more concerned to the change in height, while in terms of width both genders preferred narrower maxillary lateral incisors over wider ones. Both genders perceived a 10 degree mesially angulated lateral incisor as more attractive.","PeriodicalId":441304,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139149917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed Presentation of Traumatic anterior Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation - A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Muhammad Noman, Sajjad Ahmed, Saleha Bint e Shuaib, Taimoor Ali, Syed Bilal Ali, Muhammad Waqas Khan","doi":"10.21089/njhs.84.0216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21089/njhs.84.0216","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Traumatic sternoclavicular joint dislocations are uncommon, accounting for just 1% of all documented upper limb dislocations, despite the fact that upper limb dislocations are very common literature offers only a handful of documented instances of such dislocations. Among them, anterior dislocations are more frequently observed than posterior dislocations, owing to the robust ligamentous support in this area. We describe the case of a 35-year-old male patient who had isolated anterior sternoclavicular dislocation and a successful reduction procedure used on him. The rarity of such cases is emphasized by the satisfactory outcomes presented in our report.","PeriodicalId":441304,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"274 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139152698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibia Fractures","authors":"Muhammad Inam, Mian Asadullah, Suliaman Dawood, Waseeq Ur Rahman","doi":"10.21089/njhs.84.0158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21089/njhs.84.0158","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Distal tibia fractures, challenging for surgeons due to unique anatomy, often result from high-energy trauma. Traditional treatments like ORIF entail significant soft tissue dissection. MIPO, a promising alternative, lacks sufficient empirical support for treating distal tibia fractures, warranting further study. Materials and Methods: This Prospective case series study was conducted on 36 consecutive patients of either sex having age range of 18 and above seen between May 2017 and December 2020 at the Department of Orthopedic and Trauma, Government Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institute, Peshawar. The Effectiveness of the MIPO was assessed radiographically and functionally. Healing in bone as seen in three cortices out of four is called radiographic healing and pain free full weight bearing is called functional healing. Result: A total of 36 individuals were investigated for this investigation. 27 men and 9 women, or a 75% to 25% gender split. The patients ranged in age from 18 to 60, with an average age of 36.36. The standard deviation of 13.749 indicates that the patients’ ages varied, but the results were usually reliable. Thirteen (36.1%) of the instances were falls, whereas 23 (63.9%) of the cases involved high-velocity trauma such automobile collisions. The AO/OTA categorization system allowed for the identification of several fracture forms. Type A fractures were recorded in 17 instances (47.25%) of all reported fractures. Type B fractures were found in 13 cases (36.15%), while Type C fractures were documented in 6 cases (16.7%). Of the patients who got treatment, thirty (83.3%) experienced no complications at all. Six patients experience rare problems. It’s noteworthy that conservative approaches were used to solve every one of these problems. Conclusion: MIPO is a safe and effective treatment option for distal tibia fractures, providing adequate fracture reduction and favorable functional results. Because there is less soft tissue injury, patients heal more quickly and have fewer complications.","PeriodicalId":441304,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"49 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139151073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Level of Anxiety and Pain in Patients’ Receiving Endodontic Treatment","authors":"Zehra Abdul Karim, Mehwish Feroz Ali, Gulrukh Askary, Hussain Askary, Umer Nisar Siddiqui","doi":"10.21089/njhs.84.0152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21089/njhs.84.0152","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Dental anxiety is a vicious cycle in which avoidance of dental care, poor oral health, and psychosocial consequences are prevalent. It might be a significant impediment to receiving prompt dental care until absolutely required. Objectives: To evaluate the level of dental anxiety and pain in patients receiving root canal treatment and to identify factors that might increase anxiety levels. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Fatima Jinnah Dental College Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from the period of August-December 2022. The study included participants who scheduled their first appointment for endodontic treatment during this period. Participants were included between the ages of 18 and 60, those who provided verbal consent. The sample size of 100 cases were calculated through power analysis at a 95% confidence interval. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20 software. P-value <0.05 was considered significant. Result: According to the Modified dental anxiety scale, the average score was 12.7±4.53, which is considered to be a moderate anxiety. The Pearson correlation of mean anxiety score showed statistically significantly results such as gender (p<0.001), age (p<0.001), level of education (p=0.015), employment (p=0.029), ethnicity (p=0.009) and level of pain (p=0.008). The study showed a lower pain threshold among female patients than males with a statistically significant result (p=0.008). Conclusion: The incidence of dental anxiety among study participants ranged from mild to moderate. Women, young patients, and those with less education were more concerned than their male counterparts. Patients who need urgent root canal therapy more commonly experience dental pain and anxiety.","PeriodicalId":441304,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139151987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Outpatient Quality Services on Patient Satisfaction","authors":"Paras Azam, A. Akhlaq, Mahwish Mumtaz Niazi, Sadaf Nawaz","doi":"10.21089/njhs.84.0162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21089/njhs.84.0162","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: The success and survival of any healthcare organization depends on the patient’s satisfaction and quality. Patient satisfaction plays a vital role in the performance of care. Objective: To identify the factors influencing patient satisfaction with outpatient quality services in public and private hospitals. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on outpatient patients from different public and private hospital settings in Karachi, Pakistan. Data was collected through virtual tools such as Google Docs, asking about their experience of outdoor patients (OPD) in public or private hospitals. Using a non-probability, convenience sampling technique, a 5% margin of error and a confidence interval of 95%, the sample size was calculated as 377 participants rounded off to 400. Respondents were divided into males and females who visited any specialty department or general OPD. A self-administered questionnaire was designed to gather data, and a digital tool such as Google Docs was used to reach a wider audience. The reliability of the pre-validated tools has been assessed through Cronbach’s alpha. The Cronbach alpha for outpatient quality services is 0.717, and patients’ satisfaction is 0.98. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 25V by IBM Corporation. Result: Most respondents were from the age group (26-35 years), making up 42% of the entire population. Data gathered showed private hospitals preference over public hospitals and satisfaction as well. All the quality service variables identified in the study had a direct relationship with patient satisfaction except waiting time, which had a negative relationship. Regression Analysis showed a positive impact on the availability of services; thus 1% increase in service will lead to a 0.484% change in patient satisfaction. A negative relationship was also witnessed with a 1% increase in waiting time patient satisfaction is down by 0.119%. Conclusion: The level of satisfaction in public hospitals was not quite adequate, and the services were correspondingly rated as exceptional. The findings suggest that focusing on the nature of physician-related services, waiting for test results, and waiting for appointments are the most important factors impacting patient satisfaction in the outpatient division.","PeriodicalId":441304,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"46 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139151346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Beliefs Related to Covid-19 Vaccine in a Rural Area of Peshawar, Pakistan","authors":"Abdul Adil Khan, Syed Imran Gillani, Qazi Haris Wadan, Syed Ibne Ali","doi":"10.21089/njhs.82.0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21089/njhs.82.0067","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: After the corona virus outbreak, a new challenge has presented itself in the form of vaccine hesitancy, a decision which stems from personal beliefs and perceptions, which may lead to the prevalence of a disease that can otherwise easily dealt with. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the barriers and beliefs related to COVID-19 vaccine in a rural area of Peshawar, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2021 to October 2021 on a population from rural areas of Peshawar with a non-probability convenience sampling technique. An interview based self-administered questionnaire was used with questions regarding beliefs and about the COVID-19 vaccine as well as their vaccination status. An SPSS software was used to analyze the data for descriptive as well as inferential statistics. Results: A total of 526 people from the rural area participated in our study with 73% males (n = 384) and 27% females (n = 142). Only 23.6% got vaccinated voluntarily, 8% agreed that there was enough information available regarding the vaccine to trust, around 17.5% agreed the vaccine does not cause adverse reactions, only 15.6% believed that the vaccine had no unknown side effects, 22.1% trusted the vaccine to be effective in combating the coronavirus while 54.4% believed it to be a conspiracy. Conclusion: Vaccine hesitancy was quite profound which was caused by the amalgamation of many negative beliefs based on claims that had no sound basis. A great confusion surrounds the COVID-19 vaccine for the people of the rural area who are concerned about various aspects of the vaccine.","PeriodicalId":441304,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114041801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Visceral Fat Index with Coronary Collateral Circulation in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease","authors":"S. Nazar, Erum Afaq, Shayan Zufishan, Nahida Baigam, G. Farrukh, Sumera Mustafa","doi":"10.21089/njhs.82.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21089/njhs.82.0051","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Coronary collateral circulation (CCC) is a network of anastomosing channels, established by heart in response to ischemia of myocardium. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and BMI are well established risk factors for development of poor CCC. Good CCC minimizes symptoms of angina, reduce the size of infarcts and prevent adverse cardiac events. The current research study was designed to find out the association of visceral adiposity and development of CCC among patients with coronary artery disease. Materials and Methods: The prospective study, conducted in Civil Hospital Karachi, comprised of 270 patients of coronary artery disease. According to the Rentrop Cohen categorization, patients were placed into two groups: the group with good collateral circulation having Rentrop grades i2-3 (n = 140) and the group with poor collateral circulation having Rentrop grades i0-1(n = 130). Rentrop score was determined by angiography. Segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer was used to determine body fat mass and body muscle mass. Using Omron body fat and weight measurement systems, visceral fat index (VFI) was evaluated to determine the composition of visceral adipose tissue. SPSS was used for data analysis (Version 22). To assess the independent risk factor for poor CCC, logistic regression analysis was used. ROC curve was constructed to assess the efficacy of VFI in identifying CCC. Results: Overall, good collateral circulations were observed in 51.9% (n=140) of CAD patients, whereas poor collateral circulations were ound in 48.1% (n=130) of patients. Poor CCC was significantly associated with hypertension (OR=3, 95%CI= 0.111-8.231, p = .001) and VFI (OR=2, 95%CI= 1.451-3.567, p =.001). ROC analysis revealed a VFI > 9 to be a potential predictor of poor CCC with AUC=0.9, sensitivity of 95.00% and specificity of 86%. Conclusion: The current study concluded that greater VFI and concomitant hypertension considerably increase the likelihood of having poor CCC, therefore, visceral adiposity can be considered as a potential target for preventing poor collateral circulation in patients with established cardiac disease.","PeriodicalId":441304,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125827882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant Lipoma of Unusual Regions: A Case Series of Two Unfortunate Adults","authors":"Badaruddin Sahito, J. Qamar, Sajjad Ahmed, M. Khan","doi":"10.21089/njhs.82.0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21089/njhs.82.0088","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Lipomas are prevalent, benign, asymptomatic mesenchymal tumors that can develop in various areas where adipose tissue is present. However, when lipomas reach sizes larger than 10 cm in width or exceed 1 kilogram in weight, they are classified as giant lipomas [1-3]. These oversized lipomas can lead to functional restrictions, aesthetic concerns, and compression-related injuries, all of which can negatively impact an individual’s quality of life. They are usually surgically removed to avoid injury to major neurovascular structures; however, they have a predisposition for recurrence and the risk of malignancy following surgery. This case series discusses the clinical findings and surgical treatment of two patients who had enormous, deformable, fatty tumors of buttocks and thigh, respectively.","PeriodicalId":441304,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122416791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pantothenate Kinase Deficiency Related Neurodegeneration (PKAN) – An Ultra Rare Inherited Metabolic Disorder","authors":"Mahnoor Saeed, Muhammad Saeed, A. Maqbool, Badriah G Alasmari, A. Tahir","doi":"10.21089/njhs.82.0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21089/njhs.82.0085","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Pantothenate Kinase-related Neurodegeneration (PKAN) is an Autosomal Recessive (AR) inherited disease identified by focal iron accumulation in the basal ganglia. Formerly recognized as Hallervorden-Spatz disease. PKAN is now considered to be one of several diseases that clinically presents with Neurodegeneration due to deposition of iron in brain (NBIA). Here, we describe an eleven-year-old boy identified as typical PKAN.","PeriodicalId":441304,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117046344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}