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Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia最新文献

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Hacia una historia revisada de la teoría organizacional-activacional 迈向组织激活理论的修订历史
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.3989/asclepio.2020.22
Federico Nahuel Bernabé
{"title":"Hacia una historia revisada de la teoría organizacional-activacional","authors":"Federico Nahuel Bernabé","doi":"10.3989/asclepio.2020.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2020.22","url":null,"abstract":"En las últimas décadas la neuroendocrinología del comportamiento ha pasado de un área marginal de la incipiente revolución neurocientífica a una disciplina bien consolidada, hasta el punto de convertirse en el abordaje estándar para las diferencias y la diferenciación sexual de la conducta. Tanto en los trabajos de historia general de la endocrinología, como en las reviews de la especialidad y las aproximaciones críticas desde el feminismo académico, se ha generado un racconto según el cual la teoría central de la neuroendocrinología, esto es, la Teoría Organizacional Activacional habría sido fundada en 1959 por W. C. Young y sus colaboradores al descubrir los efectos de la testosterona fetal sobre conejillas de indias hembra. En el presente artículo se propone una revisión de tal historia oficial, comenzando con los trabajos de Arnold Berthold, profundizando en los desarrollos endocrinos de los años veinte y treinta del siglo pasado y revisando las disputas entre Young y Beach en los años previos a la publicación del 59. Con esta revisión, se pretende mejorar el conocimiento histórico de la teoría organizacional activacional, lo cual de forma derivada puede ayudar a iluminar algunas polémicas en torno a las explicaciones biológicas de la sexualidad humana.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85693226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Un periódico de considerable interés” en Essex y “Sotto-Pancia” en Florencia. Dos publicaciones, pioneras y olvidadas, editadas en establecimientos psiquiátricos 埃塞克斯的《相当有趣的报纸》和佛罗伦萨的《索托-潘西亚》。在精神病院出版的两份开创性和被遗忘的出版物
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.3989/asclepio.2020.18
Óscar Martínez Azumendi
{"title":"“Un periódico de considerable interés” en Essex y “Sotto-Pancia” en Florencia. Dos publicaciones, pioneras y olvidadas, editadas en establecimientos psiquiátricos","authors":"Óscar Martínez Azumendi","doi":"10.3989/asclepio.2020.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2020.18","url":null,"abstract":"RESUMEN: Resulta sorprendente que algunas publicaciones periódicas, editadas por personas con enfermedad mental en diversos entornos psiquiátricos, se remontan a hace casi dos siglos. Primero en las grandes instituciones psiquiátricas como parte integrante del tratamiento moral, para más recientemente dar el salto a otros entornos asistenciales y comunitarios, como son hospitales de día y comunidades terapéuticas. Sin embargo, a pesar de su dilatada historia y haber sobrevivido a las diferentes corrientes teóricas y asistenciales, siendo un fiel reflejo de sus postulados y métodos, llama la atención el poco caso e interés despertado en los ámbitos académicos en relación con su estudio y conservación, habiéndose perdido irremediablemente muchas de ellas para el futuro. El trabajo pretende rescatar del olvido dos de aquellos pioneros periódicos. Uno, “un periódico de considerable interés” en Essex (Inglaterra), que reclamaría para sí el honor de ser el primero de esas características en la historia, desplazando de esa posición a la Retreat Gazette de Connecticut (Estados Unidos). El segundo, el Sotto-Pancia, en Florencia, que precedió en el tiempo al Diario dell’ ospizio di San Benedetto promovido por Lombroso en Pesaro y considerado hasta ahora el primero en Italia.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84759381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
El “darwinismo puro” de Alfred Russel Wallace: aportaciones a la teoría evolutiva moderna 阿尔弗雷德·拉塞尔·华莱士的“纯粹达尔文主义”:对现代进化论的贡献
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.3989/asclepio.2020.25
Juan Manuel Rodríguez Caso
{"title":"El “darwinismo puro” de Alfred Russel Wallace: aportaciones a la teoría evolutiva moderna","authors":"Juan Manuel Rodríguez Caso","doi":"10.3989/asclepio.2020.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2020.25","url":null,"abstract":"History tends to insist on remembering the case of Alfred Russel Wallace as one who, secondarily, supported Darwin’s proposal. For the purposes of this work it is presented what Wallace called in his work Darwinism (1889) the basic elements of ‘pure Darwinism’, which would serve as the basis for what George John Romanes would call Neodarwinism, based on both Wallace’s and August Weismann’s work. These elements include ideas that are commonly associated exclusively with Charles Darwin’s work, such as the biological concept of species, the different types of variation and their origin, the importance of natural selection as the preponderant mechanism to understand evolution, the rejection of Lamarckian mechanisms, among other points. From the above, the aims of this work are twofold: on the one hand, to rescue those basic concepts from Wallace’s pure Darwinism; and on the other, to establish some possible explanations as to why the idea persists that Wallace’s work does not seem to have been of importance for the development of Modern Synthesis.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72968297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
De Alejandría a Córdoba: la Medicina según Ibn Rushd y la tradición araboislámica 从亚历山大到科尔多瓦:根据伊本·鲁什德和阿拉伯-伊斯兰传统的医学
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.3989/asclepio.2020.13
Miquel Forcada
{"title":"De Alejandría a Córdoba: la Medicina según Ibn Rushd y la tradición araboislámica","authors":"Miquel Forcada","doi":"10.3989/asclepio.2020.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2020.13","url":null,"abstract":"Ibn Rushd considered medicine as a productive art in his al-Kulliyyāt fī l-ṭibb, written between 1162 and 1169, and as a science in his commentary on Ibn Sīnā’s poem on the subject (Sharḥ Urjūzat Ibn Sīnā fī l-ṭibb), written in 1180. In Kulliyyāt, Ibn Rushd followed quite strictly the ideas on the status of medicine propounded by the philosopher al-Fārābī. In Sharḥ Urjūzat Ibn Sīnā, Ibn Rushd summarised the conceptions of several works including Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq’s Masā’il fīl-ṭibb, Ibn Sīnā’s Qānūn fī l-ṭibb and al-Fārābī’s works on Aristotle’s logic. The joint analysis of these sources and the evidence provided by a new manuscript of Ibn Rushd’s Sharḥ give us a clearer idea of the conception of medicine extant in this latter work and, in consequence, we can reconsider and relativise the difference between it and the conception expounded in Kulliyyāt. Ibn Rushd’s ideas on the status of medicine are analysed according to the sociopolitical context in which they were conceived, taking particular account of the fact that Sharḥ Urjūza Ibn Sīnā fī l-ṭibb was written for the intellectual and political elites of the Almohad regime.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83266429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Piezas owenianas en el rompecabezas darwiniano 达尔文拼图中的欧文斯部分
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.3989/asclepio.2020.26
D. Blanco, Santiago Ginnobili
{"title":"Piezas owenianas en el rompecabezas darwiniano","authors":"D. Blanco, Santiago Ginnobili","doi":"10.3989/asclepio.2020.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2020.26","url":null,"abstract":"En este trabajo discutimos la extensión de la influencia que el pensamiento de Richard Owen tuvo sobre el de Charles Darwin. Además, se intentará mostrar lo heterogéneo de tal influencia, que va desde teorías específicas a giros retóricos. Esta influencia es en muchos casos subestimada, dando la sensación de que la novedad darwiniana consistió únicamente en mirar con ojos desprejuiciados lo que los otros no habían visto. Esta visión resulta injusta con Owen, y también con el esfuerzo conceptual llevado adelante por Darwin con las piezas brindadas por sus precursores. Finalmente, este es un caso interesante para entender el tipo de novedad aportada por las revoluciones científicas y el modo sofisticado en que tal novedad se sustenta sobre el trabajo de los enfoques previos.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79069102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Los Médicos irlandeses y las ideas (pre)ilustradas: Raymond Everard (1675-1754) 爱尔兰医生和(预)插图思想:雷蒙德·埃弗拉德(1675-1754)
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.3989/asclepio.2020.16
Ekain Cagigal
{"title":"Los Médicos irlandeses y las ideas (pre)ilustradas: Raymond Everard (1675-1754)","authors":"Ekain Cagigal","doi":"10.3989/asclepio.2020.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2020.16","url":null,"abstract":"Historiography has extensively demonstrated that Irish doctors played a very relevant role in the medicine of the Spanish Monarchy along 18th century. Nevertheless, beyond the prominent figures linked to the court and military circles –such as Higgins, Purcell, Gorman or O’Scanlan–, a significant number of Irish doctors can be claimed, who practised medicine in public-private spheres of less projection. In any case, they were well established professionals, who conveyed the new ideological currents generated in the continent and acquired along their migration pathways. Raymond Everard, born in co. Waterford (Ireland), truly depicts the archetype of the Irish doctor who, after being immersed in the French enlightened circles and universities, settled down in Bilbao as municipal doctor, where he took care of the town for nearly forty years, imbuing it with the existing technical-scientific modernity through his medical work.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79004269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Con los nervios de punta: de la medicalización a la psicologización de los quebrantos mentales en el trabajo. Bogotá y Medellín, 1898-1961 神经紧张:从医学化到工作中精神障碍的心理化。bogota和medellin, 1898-1961
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.3989/asclepio.2020.20
Eugenio Castaño González
{"title":"Con los nervios de punta: de la medicalización a la psicologización de los quebrantos mentales en el trabajo. Bogotá y Medellín, 1898-1961","authors":"Eugenio Castaño González","doi":"10.3989/asclepio.2020.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2020.20","url":null,"abstract":"In this article it will analize the way in which nervous exhaustion and fatigue were objectified by the medicine inside the labour environment in the cities of Bogota and Medellin, during the first half of twentieth century. From there the necessity of taking as reference identification of alleged hardship related to intellectual and physical work sphere. To the demand of frugal behaviours to minimize the effects of that hardship, it added the growing psychologization of world work in the middle of the century. That psychologization was turned into a tool that extended the spectrum of anormality, in the midst of the metamorphosis experienced by the productive system and diversification of labour structure nationally.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91366510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Los inicios de la ciencia moderna en el Caribe Neogranadino: Pedro López de León teoría y práctica en la cirugía de la Cartagena del Siglo XVII 新格拉纳达加勒比地区现代科学的起源:佩德罗lopez de leon 17世纪卡塔赫纳外科的理论与实践
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.3989/asclepio.2020.17
Antonino Vidal Ortega, Jairo Solano Alonso
{"title":"Los inicios de la ciencia moderna en el Caribe Neogranadino: Pedro López de León teoría y práctica en la cirugía de la Cartagena del Siglo XVII","authors":"Antonino Vidal Ortega, Jairo Solano Alonso","doi":"10.3989/asclepio.2020.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2020.17","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this work is surgeon Pedro Lopez de Leon and the contribution of his manual of medicine and surgery, which he wrote in Cartagena de Indias in the early seventeenth century. Through the reconstruction of his life, and the analysis of his work and bibliographical references, we highlight the transatlantic notoriety of the effort to develop the scientific knowledge of modern medicine in a central port of the Caribbean in the Atlantic Trade.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81777333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Los cuerpos indígenas entre textos y silencios. El caso de una niña Aché 在文本和沉默之间的土著身体。一个女孩ache的案例
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.3989/asclepio.2020.24
M. Sardi, Diego Ballestero
{"title":"Los cuerpos indígenas entre textos y silencios. El caso de una niña Aché","authors":"M. Sardi, Diego Ballestero","doi":"10.3989/asclepio.2020.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2020.24","url":null,"abstract":"The organization of collections of human remains of different “races”, during the end of the XIX century and the beginning of the XX century, was associated with archival work that enabled to certificate the authenticity of the specimens. These files contain individual data, such as the origin, sex, age and name, but also data about the collector or donor. This study analyses the different material and textual strategies carried out on a young Ache indigenous woman by the German anthropologist Robert Lehmann-Nitsche (1872-1938), responsible of the Seccion Antropologica of the Museo de La Plata (Argentina); strategies through which the anthropologist built the epistemological value of the indigenous body and his own scientific authority. We also discuss how certain practices were inspired in written and non-written instructions, but sometimes personal motivations interrupted procedures for elaborate scientific objects, leaving “silences” that can only recently be interpreted in light of the claims existing over museums that house human remains.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75426153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Historia del vanadio, 1801-1831. Disputa por la autoria del descubrimiento 钒的历史，1801-1831。关于发现作者身份的争论
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.3989/asclepio.2020.23
José Alfredo Uribe Salas
{"title":"Historia del vanadio, 1801-1831. Disputa por la autoria del descubrimiento","authors":"José Alfredo Uribe Salas","doi":"10.3989/asclepio.2020.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2020.23","url":null,"abstract":"There are research topics and problems whose nature, structure and dynamics provide the analytical route and the methodological perspective to unravel its global dimension. This is the case of erythronium, a chemical element that was discovered in 1801 by the Spanish mineralogist Andrés Manuel del Río Fernández (1764-1849) in the laboratory of the Real Seminario de Minería in Mexico City, New Spain. The discovery went around the western world immersed in a controversy over its authenticity, until the European scientific community decided to close the case by granting paternity to the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström (1787-1845), who 30 years later had rediscovered it, making its name official as vanadium in 1831. The 30 years that passed also revealed the dispute between France, Germany and the United States for the appropriation of nature and the gradual displacement that they experienced in their hegemony over chemical science, as a scientific tool of power and global control.","PeriodicalId":44082,"journal":{"name":"Asclepio-Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84338753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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