Harvard Business School Working Papers最新文献

Accounting for Product Impact in the Pharmaceuticals Industry 制药行业的产品影响会计

Harvard Business School Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3877517

A. Rischbieth, George Serafeim, Katie Trinh

引用次数: 9

The Customer May Not Always Be Right: Customer Compatibility and Service Performance 客户不一定总是对的:客户兼容性和服务性能

Harvard Business School Working Papers Pub Date : 2020-01-28 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3128468

Ryan W. Buell, D. Campbell, F. Frei

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引用次数: 9

Shareholder Activism and Firms' Voluntary Disclosure of Climate Change Risks 股东行动主义与企业自愿披露气候变化风险

Harvard Business School Working Papers Pub Date : 2019-10-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3468896

Caroline Flammer, M. Toffel, Kala Viswanathan

引用次数: 126

The Strategic Management of Execution 执行的战略管理

Harvard Business School Working Papers Pub Date : 2019-09-11 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3452838

David J. Collis

引用次数: 0

How Transparency into Internal and External Responsibility Initiatives Influences Consumer Choice 内部和外部责任举措的透明度如何影响消费者的选择

Harvard Business School Working Papers Pub Date : 2019-05-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3385443

Ryan W. Buell, Basak Kalkanci

{"title":"How Transparency into Internal and External Responsibility Initiatives Influences Consumer Choice","authors":"Ryan W. Buell, Basak Kalkanci","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3385443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3385443","url":null,"abstract":"Amid growing calls for transparency and social and environmental responsibility, companies are employing different strategies to improve consumer perceptions of their brands. Some pursue internal initiatives that reduce their negative social or environmental impacts through responsible operations practices (such as paying a living wage to workers or engaging in environmentally sustainable manufacturing). Others pursue external responsibility initiatives (such as philanthropy or cause-related marketing). Through two experiments conducted in the field and complementary online experiments, we compare how transparency into these internal and external initiatives affects customer perceptions and sales. We find that transparency into both internal and external responsibility initiatives tends to dominate generic brand marketing in motivating consumer purchases, supporting the view that consumers take companies’ responsibility efforts into account in their decision making. Furthermore, the results provide converging evidence that transparency into a company’s internal responsibility practices can be at least as motivating of consumer sales as transparency into its external responsibility initiatives, incrementally increasing a consumer’s probability of purchase by 6.40% and 45.85% across our two field experiments, conducted in social and environmental domains, respectively. Our results suggest that it may be in the interest of both business and society for managers to prioritize internal responsible operations initiatives to achieve both top- and bottom-line benefits while mitigating social and environmental harms. This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.","PeriodicalId":439945,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Business School Working Papers","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132755626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 45

Government Technology Policy, Social Value, and National Competitiveness 政府技术政策、社会价值与国家竞争力

Harvard Business School Working Papers Pub Date : 2019-03-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3355486

F. Nagle

{"title":"Government Technology Policy, Social Value, and National Competitiveness","authors":"F. Nagle","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3355486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3355486","url":null,"abstract":"This study seeks to better understand the impact that government technology procurement regulations have on social value and national competitiveness. To do this, it examines the impact of a change in France’s technology procurement policy that required government agencies to favor open source software (OSS) over proprietary software in an attempt to reduce costs creating an unexpected demand shock for OSS. Analysis using the rest of the EU as controls via difference-in-differences and synthetic control frameworks shows that this policy change led to an increase of nearly 600,000 OSS contributions per year from France, creating social value by increasing the availability and quality of free and open source software. Estimates indicate this would have cost paid software developers roughly $20 million per year to replicate. However, the open nature of such goods means that any country can reap the benefits of these efforts. Therefore, additional economic outcomes that enhance France’s competitiveness are also considered. The results show that within France, the regulation led to a 0.6% - 5.4% yearly increase in companies that use OSS, a 9% - 18% yearly increase in the number of IT-related startups, a 6.6% - 14% yearly increase in the number of individuals employed in IT related jobs, and a 5% - 16% yearly decrease in software related patents. All of these outcomes help to increase productivity and competitiveness at the national level. In aggregate, these results show that changes in government technology policy that favor OSS can have a positive impact on both global social value and domestic national competitiveness.","PeriodicalId":439945,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Business School Working Papers","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130365571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Gifts of the Immigrants, Woes of the Natives: Lessons from the Age of Mass Migration - Online Appendix A to E 移民的礼物，本地人的悲哀:大规模移民时代的教训-在线附录A至E

Harvard Business School Working Papers Pub Date : 2019-01-26 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3274730

M. Tabellini

{"title":"Gifts of the Immigrants, Woes of the Natives: Lessons from the Age of Mass Migration - Online Appendix A to E","authors":"M. Tabellini","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3274730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3274730","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I jointly investigate the political and the economic effects of immigration, and study the causes of anti-immigrant sentiments. I exploit exogenous variation in European immigration to U.S. cities between 1910 and 1930 induced by World War I and the Immigration Acts of the 1920s, and instrument immigrants’ location decision relying on pre-existing settlement patterns. I find that immigration triggered hostile political reactions, such as the election of more conservative legislators, higher support for anti-immigration legislation, and lower redistribution. Exploring the causes of natives’ backlash, I document that immigration increased natives’ employment, spurred industrial production, and did not generate losses even among natives working in highly exposed sectors. These findings suggest that opposition to immigration was unlikely to have economic roots. Instead, I provide evidence that natives’ political discontent was increasing in the cultural differences between immigrants and natives. Results in this article indicate that, even when diversity is economically beneficial, it may nonetheless be socially hard to manage.","PeriodicalId":439945,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Business School Working Papers","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128430576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 225

Design Rules, Volume 2: Chapter 11 Platform Systems vs. Step Processes - The Value of Options and the Power of Modularity 设计规则，第2卷:第11章平台系统与步骤过程-选项的价值和模块化的力量

Harvard Business School Working Papers Pub Date : 2019-01-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3320494

Carliss Y. Baldwin

{"title":"Design Rules, Volume 2: Chapter 11 Platform Systems vs. Step Processes - The Value of Options and the Power of Modularity","authors":"Carliss Y. Baldwin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3320494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3320494","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this chapter is to contrast the value structure of platform systems (e.g. a computer or a marketplace) with step processes (e.g. an assembly line or a steel mill). In distinguishing between step processes and platform systems, the chapter lays out the core theoretical arguments of the book. A step process is a technology that changes the material world in a predictable way that humans find useful or valuable. In contrast, a platform system is a technology designed to support the creation of options. Historically, the increasing importance of platform systems is inextricably bound up with the spread of digital technology and the related use of modular technical architectures to manage complexity and accommodate technical change. I go on to explain why platform systems have modular technical architectures, and to trace the intellectual history of modularity in early digital computers and software. I then use option theory to identify a set of complementary conditions—risk, modularity, and openness—that are favorable to the adoption of platform systems, I contrast these to the conditions—growing markets, automated machinery, and systematic management— favorable to the creation of large-scale flow production processes. This analysis in turn leads to a predicted correspondence between technologies and organizations. In essence, interdependent step processes require and reward modern corporations characterized by risk aversion, unified governance, hierarchical structure, coordinated by managers exercising direct authority. In contrast, platform systems require and reward platform ecosystems characterized by risk-taking, distributed governance, autonomy, coordinated by centralized rules and shared resources. Finally, I show how the benefits of flexible platform systems may be balanced against the benefits of efficient step processes in designing the architecture of large technical systems. ","PeriodicalId":439945,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Business School Working Papers","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130024877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Relative Performance Transparency: Effects on Sustainable Choices 相对绩效透明度:对可持续选择的影响

Harvard Business School Working Papers Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3324306

Ryan W. Buell, Shwetha Mariadassou, Yanchong Zheng

{"title":"Relative Performance Transparency: Effects on Sustainable Choices","authors":"Ryan W. Buell, Shwetha Mariadassou, Yanchong Zheng","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3324306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3324306","url":null,"abstract":"We study how transparency into the levels and changes of relative sustainability performance affects consumer choices. Our work considers two forms of transparency: process transparency, in which customers receive information about the company's sustainability performance relative to other companies, and customer transparency, in which customers receive information about their own sustainability performance relative to other customers. Through three studies with 7,308 participants, we observe that revealing the levels of relative performance is more motivating for customers in the process transparency domain, whereas revealing relative changes in performance is more motivating for customers in the customer transparency domain. We employ structural equation modeling to identify the underlying mechanisms for these results. We show that levels information is more reflective of objective performance comparison, thus strengthening motivation in the domain of process transparency. In contrast, changes information helps to mitigate self-serving attribution biases in the customer transparency domain, thus playing a more significant role in affecting motivation.","PeriodicalId":439945,"journal":{"name":"Harvard Business School Working Papers","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131305167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

The Impact of Pensions and Insurance on Global Yield Curves 养老金和保险对全球收益率曲线的影响

Harvard Business School Working Papers Pub Date : 2018-12-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3196068

R. Greenwood, Annette Vissing-Jorgensen

引用次数: 46