International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications最新文献

{"title":"Weighted ensemble classifier for malicious link detection using natural language processing","authors":"S. A, S. Balasubaramanian, Pradeepa Ganesan, Justin Rajasekaran, K. R","doi":"10.1108/ijpcc-09-2022-0312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-09-2022-0312","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The internet has completely merged into contemporary life. People are addicted to using internet services for everyday activities. Consequently, an abundance of information about people and organizations is available online, which encourages the proliferation of cybercrimes. Cybercriminals often use malicious links for large-scale cyberattacks, which are disseminated via email, SMS and social media. Recognizing malicious links online can be exceedingly challenging. The purpose of this paper is to present a strong security system that can detect malicious links in the cyberspace using natural language processing technique.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The researcher recommends a variety of approaches, including blacklisting and rules-based machine/deep learning, for automatically recognizing malicious links. But the approaches generally necessitate the generation of a set of features to generalize the detection process. Most of the features are generated by processing URLs and content of the web page, as well as some external features such as the ranking of the web page and domain name system information. This process of feature extraction and selection typically takes more time and demands a high level of expertise in the domain. Sometimes the generated features may not leverage the full potentials of the data set. In addition, the majority of the currently deployed systems make use of a single classifier for the classification of malicious links. However, prediction accuracy may vary widely depending on the data set and the classifier used.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000To address the issue of generating feature sets, the proposed method uses natural language processing techniques (term frequency and inverse document frequency) that vectorize URLs. To build a robust system for the classification of malicious links, the proposed system implements weighted soft voting classifier, an ensemble classifier that combines predictions of base classifiers. The ability or skill of each classifier serves as the base for the weight that is assigned to it.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The proposed method performs better when the optimal weights are assigned. The performance of the proposed method was assessed by using two different data sets (D1 and D2) and compared performance against base machine learning classifiers and previous research results. The outcome accuracy shows that the proposed method is superior to the existing methods, offering 91.4% and 98.8% accuracy for data sets D1 and D2, respectively.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47959785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized security algorithm for connected vehicular network","authors":"Deepak Choudhary","doi":"10.1108/ijpcc-12-2021-0300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-12-2021-0300","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000As the number of devices that connect to the Internet of Things (IoT) has grown, privacy and security issues have come up. Because IoT devices collect so much sensitive information, like user names, locations, phone numbers and even how they usually use energy, it is very important to protect users' privacy and security. IoT technology will be hard to use on the client side because IoT-enabled devices do not have clear privacy and security controls.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000IoT technology would be harder to use on the client side if the IoT did not offer enough well-defined ways to protect users’ privacy and security. The goal of this research is to protect people's privacy in the IoT by using the oppositional artificial flora optimization (EGPKC-OAFA) algorithm to generate the best keys for the ElGamal public key cryptosystem (EGPKC). The EGPKC-OAFA approach puts the most weight on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for MAC, which is the most important part of the standard. The security field is part of the MAC header of this standard. In addition, the MAC header includes EGPKC, which makes it possible to make authentication keys as quickly as possible.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000With the proliferation of IoT devices, privacy and security have become major concerns in the academic world. Security and privacy are of the utmost importance due to the large amount of personally identifiable information acquired by IoT devices, such as name, location, phone numbers and energy use. Client-side deployment of IoT technologies will be hampered by the absence of well-defined privacy and security solutions afforded by the IoT. The purpose of this research is to present the EGPKC with optimum key generation using the EGPKC-OAFA algorithm for the purpose of protecting individual privacy within the context of the IoT. The EGPKC-OAFA approach is concerned with the MAC standard defined by the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, which includes the security field in its MAC header. Also, the MAC header incorporates EGPKC, which enables the fastest possible authentication key generation. In addition, the best methodology award goes to the OAFA strategy, which successfully implements the optimum EGPKC selection strategy by combining opposition-based (OBL) and standard AFA ideas. The EGPKC-OAFA method has been proved to effectively analyze performance in a number of simulations, with the results of various functions being identified.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000In light of the growing prevalence of the IoT, an increasing number of people are becoming anxious about the protection and confidentiality of the personal data that they save online. This is especially true in light of the fact that more and more things are becoming connected to the internet. The IoT is capable of gathering personally identifiable information such as names, addresses and phone numbers, as well as the quantity of energy that is used. It will be challenging for customers to adopt IoT technology because of worries about the","PeriodicalId":43952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42186331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on various detectors in massive MIMO technology: a performance analysis","authors":"M. ManjuV., S. GaneshR.","doi":"10.1108/IJPCC-11-2020-0188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPCC-11-2020-0188","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62802273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection IoT attacks using Lasso regression algorithm with ensemble classifier","authors":"K. Sheelavathy, V. Udaya Rani","doi":"10.1108/ijpcc-09-2022-0316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-09-2022-0316","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Internet of Things (IoT) is a network, which provides the connection with various physical objects such as smart machines, smart home appliance and so on. The physical objects are allocated with a unique internet address, namely, Internet Protocol, which is used to perform the data broadcasting with the external objects using the internet. The sudden increment in the number of attacks generated by intruders, causes security-related problems in IoT devices while performing the communication. The main purpose of this paper is to develop an effective attack detection to enhance the robustness against the attackers in IoT.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In this research, the lasso regression algorithm is proposed along with ensemble classifier for identifying the IoT attacks. The lasso algorithm is used for the process of feature selection that modeled fewer parameters for the sparse models. The type of regression is analyzed for showing higher levels when certain parts of model selection is needed for parameter elimination. The lasso regression obtains the subset for predictors to lower the prediction error with respect to the quantitative response variable. The lasso does not impose a constraint for modeling the parameters caused the coefficients with some variables shrink as zero. The selected features are classified by using an ensemble classifier, that is important for linear and nonlinear types of data in the dataset, and the models are combined for handling these data types.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The lasso regression with ensemble classifier–based attack classification comprises distributed denial-of-service and Mirai botnet attacks which achieved an improved accuracy of 99.981% than the conventional deep neural network (DNN) methods.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Here, an efficient lasso regression algorithm is developed for extracting the features to perform the network anomaly detection using ensemble classifier.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48085826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embedding and Siamese deep neural network-based malware detection in Internet of Things","authors":"T. S. Lakshmi, M. Govindarajan, Asadi Srinivasulu","doi":"10.1108/ijpcc-06-2022-0236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-06-2022-0236","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000A proper understanding of malware characteristics is necessary to protect massive data generated because of the advances in Internet of Things (IoT), big data and the cloud. Because of the encryption techniques used by the attackers, network security experts struggle to develop an efficient malware detection technique. Though few machine learning-based techniques are used by researchers for malware detection, large amounts of data must be processed and detection accuracy needs to be improved for efficient malware detection. Deep learning-based methods have gained significant momentum in recent years for the accurate detection of malware. The purpose of this paper is to create an efficient malware detection system for the IoT using Siamese deep neural networks.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In this work, a novel Siamese deep neural network system with an embedding vector is proposed. Siamese systems have generated significant interest because of their capacity to pick up a significant portion of the input. The proposed method is efficient in malware detection in the IoT because it learns from a few records to improve forecasts. The goal is to determine the evolution of malware similarity in emerging domains of technology.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The cloud platform is used to perform experiments on the Malimg data set. ResNet50 was pretrained as a component of the subsystem that established embedding. Each system reviews a set of input documents to determine whether they belong to the same family. The results of the experiments show that the proposed method outperforms existing techniques in terms of accuracy and efficiency.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The proposed work generates an embedding for each input. Each system examined a collection of data files to determine whether they belonged to the same family. Cosine proximity is also used to estimate the vector similarity in a high-dimensional area.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41616960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving GPU performance in multimedia applications through FPGA based adaptive DMA controller","authors":"S. B, K. E.","doi":"10.1108/ijpcc-06-2022-0241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-06-2022-0241","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Deep learning techniques are unavoidable in a variety of domains such as health care, computer vision, cyber-security and so on. These algorithms demand high data transfers but require bottlenecks in achieving the high speed and low latency synchronization while being implemented in the real hardware architectures. Though direct memory access controller (DMAC) has gained a brighter light of research for achieving bulk data transfers, existing direct memory access (DMA) systems continue to face the challenges of achieving high-speed communication. The purpose of this study is to develop an adaptive-configured DMA architecture for bulk data transfer with high throughput and less time-delayed computation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The proposed methodology consists of a heterogeneous computing system integrated with specialized hardware and software. For the hardware, the authors propose an field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based DMAC, which transfers the data to the graphics processing unit (GPU) using PCI-Express. The workload characterization technique is designed using Python software and is implementable for the advanced risk machine Cortex architecture with a suitable communication interface. This module offloads the input streams of data to the FPGA and initiates the FPGA for the control flow of data to the GPU that can achieve efficient processing.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000This paper presents an evaluation of a configurable workload-based DMA controller for collecting the data from the input devices and concurrently applying it to the GPU architecture, bypassing the hardware and software extraneous copies and bottlenecks via PCI Express. It also investigates the usage of adaptive DMA memory buffer allocation and workload characterization techniques. The proposed DMA architecture is compared with the other existing DMA architectures in which the performance of the proposed DMAC outperforms traditional DMA by achieving 96% throughput and 50% less latency synchronization.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The proposed gated recurrent unit has produced 95.6% accuracy in characterization of the workloads into heavy, medium and normal. The proposed model has outperformed the other algorithms and proves its strength for workload characterization.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46957573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ElGamal algorithm with hyperchaotic sequence to enhance security of cloud data","authors":"Aruna Kumari Koppaka, V. N. Lakshmi","doi":"10.1108/ijpcc-06-2022-0240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-06-2022-0240","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000In the cloud-computing environment, privacy preservation and enabling security to the cloud data is a crucial and demanding task. In both the commercial and academic world, the privacy of important and sensitive data needs to be safeguarded from unauthorized users to improve its security. Therefore, several key generations, encryption and decryption algorithms are developed for data privacy preservation in the cloud environment. Still, the outsourced data remains with the problems like minimum data security, time consumption and increased computational complexity. The purpose of this research study is to develop an effective cryptosystem algorithm to secure the outsourced data with minimum computational complexity.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A new cryptosystem algorithm is proposed in this paper to address the above-mentioned concerns. The introduced cryptosystem algorithm has combined the ElGamal algorithm and hyperchaotic sequence, which effectively encrypts the outsourced data and diminishes the computational complexity of the system.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000In the resulting section, the proposed improved ElGamal cryptosystem (IEC) algorithm performance is validated using the performance metrics like encryption time, execution time, decryption time and key generation comparison time. The IEC algorithm approximately reduced 0.08–1.786 ms of encryption and decryption time compared to the existing model: secure data deletion and verification.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The IEC algorithm significantly enhances the data security in cloud environments by increasing the power of key pairs. In this manuscript, the conventional ElGamal algorithm is integrated with the pseudorandom sequences for a pseudorandom key generation for improving the outsourced cloud data security.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42526360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Source location privacy preservation in IoT-enabled event-driven WSNs","authors":"Nidhi Sharma, Ravindara Bhatt","doi":"10.1108/ijpcc-05-2022-0214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-05-2022-0214","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Privacy preservation is a significant concern in Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled event-driven wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Low energy utilization in the event-driven system is essential if events do not happen. When events occur, IoT-enabled sensor network is required to deal with enormous traffic from the concentration of demand data delivery. This paper aims to explore an effective framework for safeguarding privacy at source in event-driven WSNs.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This paper discusses three algorithms in IoT-enabled event-driven WSNs: source location privacy for event detection (SLP_ED), chessboard alteration pattern (SLP_ED_CBA) and grid-based source location privacy (GB_SLP). Performance evaluation is done using simulation results and security analysis of the proposed scheme.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The sensors observe bound events or sensitive items within the network area in the field of interest. The open wireless channel lets an opponent search traffic designs, trace back and reach the start node or the event-detecting node. SLP_ED and SLP_ED_CBA provide better safety level results than dynamic shortest path scheme and energy-efficient source location privacy protection schemes. This paper discusses security analysis for the GB_SLP. Comparative analysis shows that the proposed scheme is more efficient on safety level than existing techniques.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The authors develop the privacy protection scheme in IoT-enabled event-driven WSNs. There are two categories of occurrences: nominal events and critical events. The choice of the route from source to sink relies on the two types of events: nominal or critical; the privacy level required for an event; and the energy consumption needed for the event. In addition, phantom node selection scheme is designed for source location privacy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48589771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A load-balanced hybrid heuristic for allocation of batch of tasks in cloud computing environment","authors":"Sophiya Shiekh, Mohammad Shahid, Manas Sambare, R. Haidri, D. Yadav","doi":"10.1108/ijpcc-06-2022-0220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-06-2022-0220","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Cloud computing gives several on-demand infrastructural services by dynamically pooling heterogeneous resources to cater to users’ applications. The task scheduling needs to be done optimally to achieve proficient results in a cloud computing environment. While satisfying the user’s requirements in a cloud environment, scheduling has been proven an NP-hard problem. Therefore, it leaves scope to develop new allocation models for the problem. The aim of the study is to develop load balancing method to maximize the resource utilization in cloud environment.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In this paper, the parallelized task allocation with load balancing (PTAL) hybrid heuristic is proposed for jobs coming from various users. These jobs are allocated on the resources one by one in a parallelized manner as they arrive in the cloud system. The novel algorithm works in three phases: parallelization, task allocation and task reallocation. The proposed model is designed for efficient task allocation, reallocation of resources and adequate load balancing to achieve better quality of service (QoS) results.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The acquired empirical results show that PTAL performs better than other scheduling strategies under various cases for different QoS parameters under study.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The outcome has been examined for the real data set to evaluate it with different state-of-the-art heuristics having comparable objective parameters.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46539485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced cipher text-policy attribute-based encryption and serialization on media cloud data","authors":"M. R., H. M. T. Gadiyar, Sharath S. M., M. Bharathrajkumar, S. K","doi":"10.1108/ijpcc-06-2022-0223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-06-2022-0223","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000There are various system techniques or models which are used for access control by performing cryptographic operations and characterizing to provide an efficient cloud and in Internet of Things (IoT) access control. Particularly in cloud computing environment, there is a large-scale distribution of these traditional symmetric cryptographic techniques. These symmetric cryptographic techniques use the same key for encryption and decryption processes. However, during the execution of these phases, they are under the problems of key distribution and management. The purpose of this study is to provide efficient key management and key distribution in cloud computing environment.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This paper uses the Cipher text-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) technique with proper access control policy which is used to provide the data owner’s control and share the data through encryption process in Cloud and IoT environment. The data are shared with the the help of cloud storage, even in presence of authorized users. The main method used in this research is Enhanced CP-ABE Serialization (E-CP-ABES) approach.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results are measured by means of encryption, completion and decryption time that showed better results when compared with the existing CP-ABE technique. The comparative analysis has showed that the proposed E-CP-ABES has obtained better results of 2373 ms for completion time for 256 key lengths, whereas the existing CP-ABE has obtained 3129 ms of completion time. In addition to this, the existing Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) scheme showed 3449 ms of completion time.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The proposed research work uses an E-CP-ABES access control technique that verifies the hidden attributes having a very sensitive dataset constraint and provides solution to the key management problem and access control mechanism existing in IOT and cloud computing environment. The novelty of the research is that the proposed E-CP-ABES incorporates extensible, partially hidden constraint policy by using a process known as serialization procedure and it serializes to a byte stream. Redundant residue number system is considered to remove errors that occur during the processing of bits or data obtained from the serialization. The data stream is recovered using the Deserialization process.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44979570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}