AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY最新文献_第6页

The European and Eurafrican Population of the Danish Forts on the Eighteenth-Century Gold Coast 18世纪黄金海岸丹麦堡垒的欧洲和欧洲非洲人口

IF 0.2 4区历史学

AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-05-23 DOI: 10.1353/AEH.2018.0001

H. Weiss

{"title":"The European and Eurafrican Population of the Danish Forts on the Eighteenth-Century Gold Coast","authors":"H. Weiss","doi":"10.1353/AEH.2018.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/AEH.2018.0001","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This essay focuses on the demographic consequences of entanglement in the Danish possessions on the Gold Coast in West Africa. Two sets of data will be analyzed, one on the European composition of the Danish enclaves and discusses demographic trends and ruptures, the other on the Eurafrican population in the Danish enclaves. The first part of the study focusses on the survival of the European personnel in the Danish possessions on the Gold Coast. Similar to the experience of other European trading nations in West Africa, the Guinea Coast was a \"White Man's Grave\" for the Danish personnel as about half of the newly arrived staff members died within the first year on the coast. The second part deals with the employment and careers of the Eurafricans, i.e., the children of Danish fathers and local African or Eurafrican women. While the Danish authorities enlisted some of the Eurafrican boys as military staff members, the fate of the Eurafrican girls was unclear. In contrast to the Europeans, the Eurafrican population seldom succumbed to the coastal climate. Instead, demographic data suggests that their life expectancy was relatively high, at least compared to that of the European personnel.","PeriodicalId":43935,"journal":{"name":"AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY","volume":"46 1","pages":"36 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/AEH.2018.0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47188852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

American Rum, African Consumers, and the Transatlantic Slave Trade 美国朗姆酒、非洲消费者与跨大西洋奴隶贸易

IF 0.2 4区历史学

AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY Pub Date : 2018-04-17 DOI: 10.1353/AEH.2018.0004

S. Kelley

{"title":"American Rum, African Consumers, and the Transatlantic Slave Trade","authors":"S. Kelley","doi":"10.1353/AEH.2018.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/AEH.2018.0004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The present article examines the North American rum-for-captives trade, which like other New World-based trades, relied heavily on sugar cane-derived alcohol. It argues that African consumption patterns played a key role in shaping the American rum-for-captives trade during the years 1730–1807. Most interpretations of the rum trade offer what might be termed a \"supply-side\" interpretation of the slave trade, with an emphasis on voyage planning and decision making on the part of European and American slave traders. While these were important factors, an examination of the rum trade highlights the important demand-side factors that shaped the slave trade. The most important market for American rum was the Gold Coast, but slave traders still needed to adopt a range of practices in order to cope with the problem of oversupply. The Upper Guinea Coast served as secondary market, but here the expansion of Islam, in part a response to the growing trade in captives, imposed limits on the demand for alcohol. After independence in 1783, American merchants were able to gain access to French and Dutch India goods, which allowed them to diversify their assortment of trade goods, especially after 1793. Carrying textiles in addition to rum helped the United States to become the third-largest carrier immediately before abolition in 1808.","PeriodicalId":43935,"journal":{"name":"AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY","volume":"46 1","pages":"1 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/AEH.2018.0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47296575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender, Spirituality, and Economic Change in Rural Gambia: Agricultural Production in the Lower Gambia Region, c. 1830s–1940s 冈比亚农村的性别、精神和经济变化：下冈比亚地区的农业生产，约1830年代至1940年代

IF 0.2 4区历史学

AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1353/AEH.2017.0004

Assan Sarr

{"title":"Gender, Spirituality, and Economic Change in Rural Gambia: Agricultural Production in the Lower Gambia Region, c. 1830s–1940s","authors":"Assan Sarr","doi":"10.1353/AEH.2017.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/AEH.2017.0004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Across the Gambia River basin, farmers grew varieties of grains for local consumption and for sale. Maize, millet, and rice formed an important part of a complex social organization. In the mid-nineteenth century, however, the shift to cash crops changed important aspects of this social organization. The cash crop economy, which was highly restrictive, also encouraged social separation and alterations in the gender configurations of the region. The change from a household economy relying on growing grains for consumption to one of producing a legume to sell, which was eased along by the transformation of local spiritual ideas, resulted in alterations in settlement patterns impacting the lives of many female farmers. One particularly interesting area that scholars have noted but is yet to be fully developed is the ways in which religion or spirituality influenced African economic life. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the ways spirituality or religion influenced the growth and the development of what became arguably the most important economic activity in West Africa during the second half of the nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries as well as gender dynamics in the affected societies.","PeriodicalId":43935,"journal":{"name":"AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY","volume":"45 1","pages":"1 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/AEH.2017.0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41751776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Electricity Access Inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1950–2000 撒哈拉以南非洲的电力获取不平等，1950-2000

IF 0.2 4区历史学

AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1353/AEH.2017.0008

Hanaan Marwah

引用次数: 7

Virtual Abolition: The Economic Lattice of Luwalo Forced Labor in the Uganda Protectorate 虚拟废除：乌干达保护国卢瓦洛强迫劳动的经济格局

IF 0.2 4区历史学

AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1353/AEH.2017.0006

O. Okia

{"title":"Virtual Abolition: The Economic Lattice of Luwalo Forced Labor in the Uganda Protectorate","authors":"O. Okia","doi":"10.1353/AEH.2017.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/AEH.2017.0006","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Luwalo was a type of \"traditional,\" unpaid forced labor used during the colonial period in the Uganda Protectorate until the mid-1940s. After the passage of the International Labour Organization's Forced Labor Convention in 1930, the British Colonial Office put pressure on the various colonial administrations to phase out forced labor. In Uganda the administration eventually abolished luwalo. With the looming prospect of abolition, the administration was forced to assess the monetary value of luwalo to better determine the scale of a new tax that would replace the labor. This paper examines this episode of forced labor abolition in the Uganda Protectorate to highlight two points regarding the use of unpaid traditional forced labor during the colonial era in Africa. First of all, although luwalo was construed as an artifact of tradition that was in some ways outside the market, the administration's own appraisal of luwalo showed that the unpaid labor actually served as an important revenue generation stream for the various local administrations within Uganda Protectorate, contributing tremendously to their base revenues. Secondly, despite the ideological and administrative effect of the Forced Labour Convention, the abolition of luwalo in Uganda shows that forced labor was not so much abolished as converted into an extractive tax. Even before abolition, the administration was, essentially, converting luwalo into a tax through the progressive extension of commutation payments paid by African males in order to avoid the work. With abolition, the administration simply made real what was already apparent by shifting the burden of the financial loss of luwalo onto the backs of Africans through a new Native Administration Tax. This virtual abolition of luwalo was a reflection of its economic importance.","PeriodicalId":43935,"journal":{"name":"AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY","volume":"45 1","pages":"54 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/AEH.2017.0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41338558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Indian Textiles and Gum Arabic in the Lower Senegal River: Global Significance of Local Trade and Consumers in the Early Nineteenth Century 塞内加尔河下游的印度纺织品和阿拉伯胶:19世纪早期当地贸易和消费者的全球意义

IF 0.2 4区历史学

AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1353/AEH.2017.0005

Kazuo Kobayashi

{"title":"Indian Textiles and Gum Arabic in the Lower Senegal River: Global Significance of Local Trade and Consumers in the Early Nineteenth Century","authors":"Kazuo Kobayashi","doi":"10.1353/AEH.2017.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/AEH.2017.0005","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This article proposes to give a new answer to one of the central questions in African and global economic histories: how West Africa contributed to economies outside the region. Recent studies have highlighted that consumers played a significant role in the processes of trade and production. The article combines this consumer-led perspective with a new set of quantitative and qualitative data. Trade figures drawn from the British and French trade statistics reveal the peculiar demand for Indian indigo-blue cotton textiles, called guinées, in Senegal compared with other regions of West Africa in the early nineteenth century. This finding revises Joseph Inikori's argument about the triumph of British cottons in West Africa. Subsequently, this article places the consumption of guinées within the wider context of commercial networks in the trade in gum arabic in the lower Senegal River region and analyzes the social and ecological factors that underpinned the persistent demand for guinées among local consumers, taking into account the continuation of local textile production in West Africa. In so doing, this article argues that consumer behavior in Senegal mattered not only for the gum trade and but also conditioned a part of global trade networks that extended from South Asia through Western Europe and reached Africa in the early nineteenth century.","PeriodicalId":43935,"journal":{"name":"AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY","volume":"45 1","pages":"27 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/AEH.2017.0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44566930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Secondary Industry and Settler Colonialism: Southern Rhodesia before and after the Unilateral Declaration of Independence 第二产业与移民殖民主义:单方面宣布独立前后的南罗得西亚

IF 0.2 4区历史学

AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1353/AEH.2017.0007

Ian Phimister, V. Gwande

引用次数: 1

The Rise and Fall of African Indigenous Entrepreneurs' Economic Solidarity in Lesotho, 1966–1975 1966–1975年莱索托非洲土著企业家经济团结的兴衰

IF 0.2 4区历史学

AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-06-16 DOI: 10.1353/AEH.2017.0003

Sean Maliehe

{"title":"The Rise and Fall of African Indigenous Entrepreneurs' Economic Solidarity in Lesotho, 1966–1975","authors":"Sean Maliehe","doi":"10.1353/AEH.2017.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/AEH.2017.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the rise and fall of African indigenous entrepreneurs' economic solidarity in Lesotho between 1966 (independence) and 1975. It rebuts the historical metanarrative that the black African indigenous entrepreneurs (the Basotho) lacked adequate entrepreneurial spirit, business acumen and economic solidarity. Using historical records and oral histories, this article demonstrates that there is sufficient historical evidence to argue otherwise. Rather, Basotho traders became victims of sinister political and economic interests of the first postcolonial government, which acted to protect interests of minority European traders—a common phenomenon in postcolonial Africa. Furthermore, the article makes two significant contributions—first to the growing literature on the history of African business and entrepreneurship, and secondly, it uses the constructed economic history of Basotho entrepreneurs to critique the dominant nationalistic and geo-political view that Lesotho's position as landlocked by South Africa is predominantly responsible for the country's sluggish economic growth, poverty and lack of economic independence.","PeriodicalId":43935,"journal":{"name":"AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY","volume":"45 1","pages":"110 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/AEH.2017.0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49574071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Counting People and Homes in Urban Mozambique in the 1820s: Population Structures and Household Size and Composition 19世纪20年代莫桑比克城市人口和住宅的统计:人口结构、家庭规模和组成

IF 0.2 4区历史学

AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-06-16 DOI: 10.1353/AEH.2017.0001

Filipa Ribeiro da Silva

{"title":"Counting People and Homes in Urban Mozambique in the 1820s: Population Structures and Household Size and Composition","authors":"Filipa Ribeiro da Silva","doi":"10.1353/AEH.2017.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/AEH.2017.0001","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, important contributions have been made to improve our understanding of household size and composition worldwide. Most of this scholarship, however, has focused mainly on Europe, Asia, and the Americas, paying little attention to Africa. In this article, I contribute toward filling this gap in the literature by studying the urban population of three main towns in Mozambique and their surrounding areas in the 1820s: the island of Mozambique, Inhambane and Tete. To do this, I use the first known and comparable population counts available for these towns that include disaggregated data at the household level. The study is divided into three main parts. First, I explore the outstanding value of these source materials for the general understanding of the behavior of urban populations in pre-colonial southern Africa, as well as the context of the production and the producers of these sources, their coverage and the criteria adopted during production. Next, I examine the profile of the population living in these three urban centers. To conclude, I analyze the household size, structure and composition among the free population living in these three towns and their outskirts.","PeriodicalId":43935,"journal":{"name":"AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY","volume":"45 1","pages":"46 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/AEH.2017.0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47822890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

British Sterling Imperialism, Settler Colonialism and the Political Economy of Money and Finance in Southern Rhodesia, 1945 to 1962 1945年至1962年南罗得西亚的英镑帝国主义、殖民主义与货币金融政治经济学

IF 0.2 4区历史学

AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY Pub Date : 2017-06-16 DOI: 10.1353/AEH.2017.0002

Tinashe Nyamunda

{"title":"British Sterling Imperialism, Settler Colonialism and the Political Economy of Money and Finance in Southern Rhodesia, 1945 to 1962","authors":"Tinashe Nyamunda","doi":"10.1353/AEH.2017.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/AEH.2017.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This article contributes to the emerging field of African financial history. Although there has been work on Britain's sterling arrangements in its colonies, very few studies examine the specific experiences of particular colonies within the sterling area. Foregrounded by an account of the establishment of Southern Rhodesia's monetary and banking system, this article focuses on that colony's experiences during the post-Second World War period when Britain established and eventually dismantled its discriminatory sterling area as a way to bolster post-war economic recovery. This coincided with the rise of economic liberalism as the United States became more prominent in global financial arrangements while the colony of Southern Rhodesia sought political and economic independence to operate in this emerging world order. Because the Salisbury agreement was so crucial to the recovery of London, Southern Rhodesia was forced to remain within the discriminatory sterling area until the mid-1950s. Thereafter, as Britain retreated from empire and abandoned discriminatory sterling, it became interested in a majority-ruled Rhodesia. However, the white minority government retaliated, interested in maintaining political power. The article unpacks how the political and economic development of empire and its aftermath in the post-war period to 1962 was so inextricably intertwined with Rhodesia's political, financial, and economic development.","PeriodicalId":43935,"journal":{"name":"AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY","volume":"45 1","pages":"109 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/AEH.2017.0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48510335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10