Journal of Language and Aging Research最新文献

A study of the semantic preference and semantic prosody associated with the denominations of aging people 与老年人教派相关的语义偏好和语义拟声研究

Journal of Language and Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.15460/jlar.2024.2.1.1183

Denis Jamet, Christophe Coupé

{"title":"A study of the semantic preference and semantic prosody associated with the denominations of aging people","authors":"Denis Jamet, Christophe Coupé","doi":"10.15460/jlar.2024.2.1.1183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/jlar.2024.2.1.1183","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the representation and conceptualization of aging people depending on the way they are referred to through a series of near synonyms: old / older / elderly / middle-aged / mature + N. A specific focus will be laid on the notions of \"semantic preference,\" i.e., \"the tendency for an item to co-occur with a set of semantically related words,\" and \"semantic prosody,\" a.k.a. \"evaluative, pragmatic, emotive or attitudinal prosody,\" to account for the evaluative aspect linked to certain denominations. This paper compares semantic preference and semantic prosody with five near-synonymous adjectives. It shows that denominations of aging people acquire a specific evaluation – a negative or positive semantic prosody – through their semantic preference, in that specific case the different attributive adjectives used in prenominal position of the sequences under scrutiny. This study addresses the question of the frequent negative axiology linked to the discourses on old age and aging through the notion of semantic prosody and will mostly examine the potential gender differences in the denominations of aging people.","PeriodicalId":438554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Aging Research","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140738793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Language and Aging Research in Open Science platforms 开放科学平台中的语言与老龄化研究

Journal of Language and Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.15460/jlar.2024.2.1.1424

David Bowie, A. Gerstenberg

引用次数: 0

Morphological processing across the adult lifespan: a tale of gains and losses 成年人一生中的形态加工：得与失的故事

Journal of Language and Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.15460/jlar.2024.2.1.1053

Jana Reifegerste

{"title":"Morphological processing across the adult lifespan: a tale of gains and losses","authors":"Jana Reifegerste","doi":"10.15460/jlar.2024.2.1.1053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/jlar.2024.2.1.1053","url":null,"abstract":"Despite increasing research on language in aging, age effects on morphological processing have received comparatively little attention. Some previous evidence suggests that while regular morphology (e.g., walk-walked) may remain relatively stable in older age, irregular morphology (e.g., bring-brought) shows signs of age-related decreases in processing efficiency. However, the underlying reasons for these declines are unclear. The current study sought to investigate the cognitive underpinnings of age-related effects on German noun plurals: default plurals (posited to follow a default rule [e.g., Zebra-Zebras 'zebra(s)']) and predictable and unpredictable non-default plurals (closed class plurals, in which the plural is either phonologically predictable from the singular [e.g., Flasche-Flaschen 'bottle(s)'] or unpredictable [e.g., Nest-Nester 'nest(s)']). In a cross-modal priming experiment, 283 healthy German native speakers (aged 18–91 years) performed lexical decisions on singular nouns which take different types of plural affixes, and which were primed by either their plural form (\"morphological condition\") or an unrelated noun (\"unrelated condition\"). Additionally, several cognitive abilities (declarative, procedural, and working memory, interference control, processing speed) were tested to assess their mediating role for morphological processing. The results revealed distinct developmental trajectories for default versus non-default plurals: priming effects (unrelated-morphological condition) for predictable and unpredictable non-default plurals decreased with increasing age, with age-related declines in declarative memory mediating these declines. In contrast, priming effects for default plurals increased with increasing age. Although the reasons for this increase remain to be clarified, we suggest lifelong experience with the computation of these forms as a possible mechanism.","PeriodicalId":438554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Aging Research","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140740869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dementia stigma: representation and language use 痴呆症耻辱化：代表性和语言使用

Journal of Language and Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.15460/jlar.2024.2.1.1266

E. Putland, Gavin Brookes

{"title":"Dementia stigma: representation and language use","authors":"E. Putland, Gavin Brookes","doi":"10.15460/jlar.2024.2.1.1266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/jlar.2024.2.1.1266","url":null,"abstract":"Linguistic choices are widely understood to have the potential to contribute to, but also to challenge, dementia stigma. This scoping review therefore aims to better understand: 1) the characteristics of language-oriented studies into representations of dementia and people with dementia, particularly regarding theoretical engagement with dementia stigma; and 2) what specific linguistic features have the potential to contribute to and/or challenge dementia stigma. Using Scopus, PubMed, PsychInfo and Google Scholar, 44 papers published between January 2000 and December 2022 were selected and thematically synthesized. We found that the number of publications addressing language and dementia stigma increased dramatically over the period covered. Most studies (75 %) did not explicitly define their use of the term stigma, and those that did drew on a range of theories and sources. Linguistic features associated with stigma included catastrophizing metaphors and the personification of dementia as a cruel enemy. Distancing and delegitimizing strategies were popularly used for people living with dementia, including homogenization, negative group labels, dehumanizing metaphors, infantilization and passivization. Humor could be used to perpetuate dementia stigma, but also to resist and reclaim stigmatizing discourses. Dementia stigma could be challenged through redefining the roles attributed to social actors, directly critiquing harmful discourses, and by providing counter-discourses. Counter-discourses used normalizing, holistic, person-centerd, rights-based, optimistic and affirmative language. Overall, a complex picture of language and dementia stigma emerges. Based on our review of the 44 papers considered, we argue that much language has the potential to perpetuate or resist stigma, and that this is shaped by and depends upon the broader discursive context within which such language use takes place.","PeriodicalId":438554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Aging Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140739050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Including older adults in variationist sociolinguistics via mobile self-recording 通过移动自记录将老年人纳入变异社会语言学

Journal of Language and Aging Research Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.15460/jlar.2023.1.1.1241

S. Wagner

引用次数: 0

“¿Cómo te sientes? – With my butt!”: code-choice-related humor in bilingual speakers living with dementia of the Alzheimer’s type “哎哟!”-用屁股!:患有阿尔茨海默氏症的双语者与语码选择相关的幽默

Journal of Language and Aging Research Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.15460/jlar.2023.1.1.1052

Carolin Schneider, Besa Qalaj

引用次数: 0

In support of researching later-life language variation and change 支持研究晚年语言的变异和变化

Journal of Language and Aging Research Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.15460/jlar.2023.1.1.1240

H. Pichler

引用次数: 0

Aging language and language typology, or why we should pay attention to cross-linguistic features when studying aging 老龄化语言与语言类型学，或者为什么我们在研究老龄化时要注意跨语言特征

Journal of Language and Aging Research Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.15460/jlar.2023.1.1.1239

O. Ivanova

引用次数: 1

In the prime of life: ERP evidence for syntactic comprehension priming in older adults 在生命的黄金期:老年人句法理解启动的ERP证据

Journal of Language and Aging Research Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.15460/jlar.2023.1.1.1108

Willem S. van Boxtel, L. Lawyer

{"title":"In the prime of life: ERP evidence for syntactic comprehension priming in older adults","authors":"Willem S. van Boxtel, L. Lawyer","doi":"10.15460/jlar.2023.1.1.1108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/jlar.2023.1.1.1108","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recent studies suggest older adults’ implicit learning of syntactic patterns remains largely intact. Syntactic priming has proven to be a sensitive tool to examine this implicit sensitivity. However, most priming studies with older adults have focused on production, and none have included an electrophysiological component. This study explores the neural correlates of syntactic priming in older adults’ comprehension. Method: We used a self-paced reading and event-related potential paradigm with groups of older and younger adults. Reduced Relative targets were primed, unprimed, or lexically boosted, while reading times and EEG recordings were obtained. Pre-tests of Working Memory and Processing Speed were also recorded. Results: Older adults showed intact priming and lexical boost on reading times, while lexical facilitation was dependent on syntactic overlap in the older but not the younger group. Syntactic priming was evident on N400 and P600 modulations on verbs and nouns in Reduced Relatives, and generally did not differ by age group. This suggests older and younger adults are equally susceptible to syntactic facilitation, and makes the case for more non-declarative, electrophysiological measurements of older adults’ sentence processing ability in future studies.","PeriodicalId":438554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language and Aging Research","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117201415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Language and aging research: contradictions and aspirations 语言与老龄化研究:矛盾与愿望

Journal of Language and Aging Research Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.15460/jlar.2023.1.1.1243

David Bowie, A. Gerstenberg

引用次数: 0