A Century in Books最新文献

Acknowledgments 致谢

A Century in Books Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.20

引用次数: 0

BOOKS, 1950–1955

A Century in Books Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.9

W. Kaufmann, J. Pritchard, J. Bonner, Hans Baron

引用次数: 0

Back Matter 回到问题

A Century in Books Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.22

引用次数: 0

Mathematics and Science 数学与科学

A Century in Books Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.18

R. May

{"title":"Mathematics and Science","authors":"R. May","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.18","url":null,"abstract":"Roughly one-third of these one hundred Princeton University Press books (PUP) fall in the domain of science or mathematics, approximately evenly divided between the two. Some readers, particularly those who disliked both science and mathematics in school, may ask why distinguish the two. Surely science and mathematics are inseparable, two sides of the same coin. Given that most of this essay will belabor the essential truth of this belief, it seems a good idea to begin by explaining the ways in which mathematics, qua mathematics, does differ from science (as conventionally understood, embracing medicine and engineering). Mathematics, in its purest forms, deals with logical systems: assume this, prove that. If a triangle has two angles equal, then it will have two sides of equal length. No ifs, buts, or maybes. As amplified somewhat in the brief essay on Gödel’s Consistency of the Continuum Hypothesis, there can be circumstances when the answer to a well-posed mathematical problem is undecidable, but this theorem itself can be proved. In contrast, science asks questions about how the world actually works. All answers must be anchored in observations about how things really are. Although it may seem utterly certain that the sun will rise tomorrow, we cannot prove it in the same way as we can prove mathematical theorems within the confines of their closed logical structures. This being acknowledged, it of course remains true that mathematics and science have been closely entwined since humans first began to inquire about the world around them and the heavens above. We still experience this every day, with  seconds in a minute,  minutes in an hour, and  degrees in a circle preserving the memory of the Babylonians’ -based number system in practical things, despite its being supplanted by decimal systems in all other contexts. If we fast-forward to the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, we find Newton and Leibniz quarreling about who “invented” calculus.1 More interesting than this question, I think, is that one of Newton’s first applications of this new mathematics was to show that, under an inverse square law of gravitational","PeriodicalId":438112,"journal":{"name":"A Century in Books","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131094777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Index of Books by Subject 按主题分类的图书索引

A Century in Books Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.21

引用次数: 0

BOOKS, 1956–1963

A Century in Books Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.11

H. Cartan, S. Eilenberg, G. Kennan, N. Frye, B. Hammond, E. Kantorowicz, Gresham M. Sykes, C. Gillispie, L. Benson, J. Blum, C. Green, F. Machlup, G. Dantzig, M. Friedman, A. Schwartz

引用次数: 0

BOOKS, 1963–1974 1974书局仗,在1963烷基。

A Century in Books Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.13

J. Milnor, G. Almond, S. Verba, C.W.J. Grange, M. Hatanaka, George C. Williams, Robert H. MacArthur, Edward O. Wilson, Elias M. Stein, J. Strayer, F. Jameson, R. May, J. Moser, J. Campbell

引用次数: 0

Chronological List of Books 图书时间顺序表

A Century in Books Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.3

E. Corwin, J. Jameson, K. Gödel, G. A. Craig, Felix Gilbert

{"title":"Chronological List of Books","authors":"E. Corwin, J. Jameson, K. Gödel, G. A. Craig, Felix Gilbert","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.3","url":null,"abstract":"Note on the illustrations: The descriptions of the one hundred books are illustrated by images from the books themselves. Where possible, the original jacket or cover front is depicted. In some instances, the illustration represents the jacket or cover of a later edition, or the title page of the original or a later edition. The Constitution and What It Means Today, by Edward S. Corwin () The Meaning of Relativity, by Albert Einstein () Medieval Cities: Their Origins and the Revival of Trade, by Henri Pirenne () The American Revolution Considered as a Social Movement, by J. Franklin Jameson () Modern Architecture, by Frank Lloyd Wright () The Classical Groups: Their Invariants and Representations, by Hermann Weyl () And Still the Waters Run: The Betrayal of the Five Civilized Tribes, by Angie Debo () The Consistency of the Axiom of Choice and of the Generalized Continuum-Hypothesis with the Axioms of Set Theory, by Kurt Gödel () Twelve Who Ruled: The Committee of Public Safety during the Terror, by R. R. Palmer () Finite Dimensional Vector Spaces, by Paul R. Halmos () Topics in Topology, by Solomon Lefschetz () The Life and Art of Albrecht Dürer, by Erwin Panofsky () Makers of Modern Strategy: Military Thought from Machiavelli to Hitler, edited by Edward Mead Earle, with the collaboration of Gordon A. Craig and Felix Gilbert () Introduction to Mathematical Logic, by Alonzo Church ()","PeriodicalId":438112,"journal":{"name":"A Century in Books","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116568529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Economics at the Center of the Mathematical Universe 经济学在数学宇宙的中心

A Century in Books Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.12

Sylvia Nasar

{"title":"Economics at the Center of the Mathematical Universe","authors":"Sylvia Nasar","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.12","url":null,"abstract":"“Small events at times can have large consequences,” write Milton Friedman and Anna Schwartz in A Monetary History of the United States (), paraphrasing Shakespeare in Richard III. At one point, they trace the greatest economic calamity in the last century, the Great Depression, to the untimely death of a single individual.“Because no great strength would be required to hold back the rock that starts a landslide,” they argue, “it does not follow that the landslide will not be of major proportions.” Friedman and Schwartz’s study set off an intellectual avalanche that ultimately altered the landscape of economic thinking—just as the authors intended. So, in fact, did a half dozen or so other books published by Princeton in the s, s, and s that have since attained the status of classics. That’s an impressive record for a press that ignored economics entirely before World War II, dedicated just 1 percent of its titles to the topic for the next forty years, and acquired an actual economics list only in the last fifteen—all while MIT, Harvard, and McGraw-Hill dominated the market. As Paul Samuelson, sitting in his MIT office in Cambridge, Massachusetts, said the other day, “Princeton had the mathematicians; we had the economists.” But Princeton’s tilt toward mathematics actually helps explain some of Princeton’s biggest successes. A little history will show why: By the time World War II started, Princeton had become the world capital of mathematics. Intellectuals from Russia and from eastern and central Europe—including top mathematicians and physicists—had been flocking to the United States to escape revolution, war, economic collapse, and anti-Semitism since the s. Princeton had opened its arms (and wallets) to the newcomers, going so far as to establish the Institute for Advanced Study, an Olympus comprising equal parts German university and Vienna café, to make them feel at home. Inside the Princeton town line, the belief that “the human mind could accomplish anything with mathematical ideas”—specifically, that mathematics could do for the social sciences what it had done for the natural ones—seemed no more far-fetched than expecting to bump into Albert Einstein or Kurt Gödel on Mercer Street.","PeriodicalId":438112,"journal":{"name":"A Century in Books","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128342962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

History, Politics, and Culture 历史、政治和文化

A Century in Books Pub Date : 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.10

A. Grafton

{"title":"History, Politics, and Culture","authors":"A. Grafton","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1wmz43x.10","url":null,"abstract":"In , Princeton University Press published a slender book by one of its longtime authors, Felix Gilbert: History: Politics or Culture? Reflections on Ranke and Burckhardt. This learned and eloquent study of two of the nineteenth century’s greatest historians, Leopold von Ranke and Jacob Burckhardt, sums up many of the Press’s accomplishments in two of its central fields. Gilbert was one of the many distinguished European émigrés whose work appeared on the Press’s list in the second half of the twentieth century, transforming American scholarship. A scion of the Mendelssohn family of Berlin, he studied history there with Friedrich Meinecke. Coming to America in the s, he worked in the OSS during World War II, taught at Bryn Mawr, and eventually became a professor in the School of Historical Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. Though Gilbert never formally sponsored a doctoral dissertation, he inspired many younger students of the Italian Renaissance with his mastery of both archival sources, which he had studied intensively in Italy since the s, and textual analysis. His own scholarship transformed the study of political and historical thought in the High Renaissance, the age of Machiavelli and Guicciardini, as he rooted the texts in the institutions in which their authors served, the crisis of the Italian Wars through which they lived, and the language of the political and social elite, which Gilbert reconstructed from archival records of their debates. A preeminent cultural historian, he taught generations of specialists in the Renaissance that they would impoverish it if they ignored politics, economics, and warfare. At the end of Gilbert’s life, when he returned to two master historians of the modern German tradition, one of whom had studied with the other, he dedicated his packed, concise essay to the big question their work posed: should history concentrate on the state, the great organizing force in history, and on its efforts to shape society by making laws and waging wars, or on culture, the rich tapestry of meanings woven by ordinary men and women, not only through art and literature but also through manners, rituals, and clothing? Gilbert, as his wonderfully fluent but heavily accented English made clear, was a European, the product of a culture and an academic system radically different from the American. He saw most","PeriodicalId":438112,"journal":{"name":"A Century in Books","volume":"385 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131648567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0