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The Improbable Heroine: Lela Karayanni and the British Secret Services in World War II Greece by Stylianos Perrakis (review) 《不可思议的女主角:莱拉·卡拉亚尼和二战时期希腊的英国特工》作者:斯蒂利亚诺斯·佩拉基斯
4区 社会学
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/mgs.2023.a908563
Stathis N. Kalyvas
{"title":"The Improbable Heroine: Lela Karayanni and the British Secret Services in World War II Greece by Stylianos Perrakis (review)","authors":"Stathis N. Kalyvas","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2023.a908563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2023.a908563","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: The Improbable Heroine: Lela Karayanni and the British Secret Services in World War II Greece by Stylianos Perrakis Stathis N. Kalyvas (bio) Stylianos Perrakis, The Improbable Heroine: Lela Karayanni and the British Secret Services in World War II Greece. Munich: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2022. Pp. xix + 368. 17 illustrations. Hardcover €99.95. Perhaps the single greatest general misperception about the Greek resistance against the Axis occupation between 1941 and 1944 (and it is a scholarly misperception as well) is that it came in a single form, namely guerrilla war in the countryside—the Andartiko. Indeed, the expression “going up the mountain” has become a synonym for joining the resistance. Moreover, in popular and media discourse, and increasingly in collective memory as well, the wartime resistance is equated with the communist-controlled Greek Popular Liberation Army, or ELAS, and with its bearded leaders, the kapetanii. Of course, ELAS was the biggest guerrilla group, but it was just one among several. More importantly, however, resistance activity went beyond guerrilla warfare in the countryside in at least two ways. First, an initially spontaneous, unarmed, mass urban social movement sprang up, primarily in Athens. Although extremely important, it has now taken a back seat to the rural guerrillas. Second, a significant number of small groups emerged, acting in close liaison with British secret services in the Middle East and their Greek agents. Their activity was clandestine, their political orientation was either non-communist or anti-communist, their size was small, and their effect was out of proportion to their size. Today, these groups are all but forgotten—which is why Stylianos Perrakis’s biography of Lela Karayanni is so critical and timely. But who was Lela Karayanni? Here is the most striking fact about her: there was no way to tell, prior to the occupation, that this 43-year-old solidly middle-class wife of a successful Athenian pharmaceuticals and cosmetics merchant, mother of seven children with ages between four and twenty-four, would transform herself into the fearless leader of a spy network, willing to put her life, and that of her family, on the line. Perrakis ventures a plausible explanation for this astonishing transformation, but obviously there is no way to be totally certain about what caused it. Once Karayanni was engaged in the resistance, however, there was no turning back. She began by sheltering straggling British soldiers who were left behind during the hurried evacuation of the British army in April–May 1941 and helping them escape to the Middle East—the feat for which she is chiefly known today. As Perrakis documents, however, this was far from her main achievement. Nor was her main achievement her work, which stemmed from her experience with the British fugitives, in helping Greek Jews escape arrest and deportation—even though, thanks to Perrakis’s research and efforts, Karayanni is now recogni","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134935015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contested Antiquity: Archaeological Heritage and Social Conflict in Modern Greece and Cyprus . ed. by Esther Solomon (review) 有争议的古代:现代希腊和塞浦路斯的考古遗产和社会冲突。埃丝特·所罗门主编(评论)
4区 社会学
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/mgs.2023.a908562
Artemis Leontis
{"title":"Contested Antiquity: Archaeological Heritage and Social Conflict in Modern Greece and Cyprus . ed. by Esther Solomon (review)","authors":"Artemis Leontis","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2023.a908562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2023.a908562","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Contested Antiquity: Archaeological Heritage and Social Conflict in Modern Greece and Cyprus. ed. by Esther Solomon Artemis Leontis (bio) Esther Solomon, editor, Contested Antiquity: Archaeological Heritage and Social Conflict in Modern Greece and Cyprus. New Anthropologies of Europe series. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2021. Pp. xii + 330. 43 illustrations, 3 tables. Cloth $105.00, Paper $48.00, and E-book $47.00. A standout feature of this book on the social life of antiquities in Greece and, in one case, Cyprus is the range of subjects, issues, approaches, and disciplines covered under the rubric of “contested antiquity.” Artifact displays in Athens, excavated objects from Asine, the landscape of Dodona, and the Stoa of Attalos are all received as “antiquity,” which is understood as the record of past human activities. But what are antiquity’s connections with Greece’s Cold War international politics, Thessaloniki’s memory wars, or a former prison site? Contested Antiquity: Archaeological Heritage and Social Conflict in Modern Greece and Cyprus, carefully edited by Esther Solomon, brings together ten articles by anthropologists, archaeologists, museologists, geographers, and heritage practitioners whose work represents the current state of the interdisciplinary critical discussion about archaeological heritage in Greece. It is an exciting, demanding book and should be read by anyone in any discipline interested in the entanglements of ancient materials with people, power, and sociopolitical conflicts in the present era. About these entanglements, Solomon makes a sweeping claim: “Since the nineteenth century, almost all conflicts characterizing social reality in Greece and Cyprus have been linked to the use, and more generally the perception, of the two countries’ ancient material culture” (35). Solomon’s introduction (1–49) sets the stage while demonstrating impressive control of an extensive bibliography. She opens with a wide frame, reminding readers of the simultaneous global and local positions of Greek antiquity that have made archaeology “one of the most symbolically loaded disciplines” in the modern Greek nation-state (3). Western powers, foreign antiquarians and, later, archaeologists, the Greek state, and heritage institutions have all been involved in mobilizing archaeology’s symbolic capital. In different ways, each of these has made archaeology “an important agent that united modernity [End Page 293] with nation-building, colonialism, and territorial establishments” (4). Later, in the last two decades of the twentieth century, scholarship informed by post- processual, poststructuralist, and postcolonial approaches turned attention to the ideological uses of archaeology. Critiques came from archaeology (Shanks and Tilley 1992; Trigger 1989; Hamilakis and Yalouri 1996), history and meta-history (Lowenthal 1988; Brown and Hamilakis 2003), anthropology (Herzfeld 1982, 1988, 2002), and literary criticism (Tziovas ","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134933717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Z : Memory Politics in Youth Activism in the Greek 1960s Z:希腊1960年代青年运动中的记忆政治
4区 社会学
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/mgs.2023.a908557
Aimilia (Emilia) Salvanou
{"title":"Z : Memory Politics in Youth Activism in the Greek 1960s","authors":"Aimilia (Emilia) Salvanou","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2023.a908557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2023.a908557","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The Lambrakis Youth Movement in early 1960s Greece, although grounded in the nation’s post-Civil War political and social framework and oriented toward the future—trying to create a society of freedom, national independence, and social justice—nevertheless made memory and memory work an important aspect of its activism. More specifically, the Youth Movement cultivated a new memory and historical culture, and it was only through this process that the imagining of an alternative political and social future became possible. Memory is important not only for its symbolic content but for its relationship to the emergence of new identities.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134935205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cooperativism in a Dirigiste State: SEKE and the Reconstruction of Greece’s Tobacco Sector (1947–1967) 国家统制下的合作主义:SEKE和希腊烟草部门的重建(1947-1967)
4区 社会学
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/mgs.2023.a908559
Juan Carmona-Zabala
{"title":"Cooperativism in a Dirigiste State: SEKE and the Reconstruction of Greece’s Tobacco Sector (1947–1967)","authors":"Juan Carmona-Zabala","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2023.a908559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2023.a908559","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The Co-operative Union of Tobacco Producers of Greece (SEKE) made a series of key contributions to the reconstruction, and development, of Greek tobacco production and exports in the postwar period. Its strategies allowed tobacco growers to retain a larger part of the value that they produced. A historical analysis of SEKE’s emergence and early trajectory allows a complex narrative of the postwar economic reconstruction to emerge, one in which we can appreciate the role of sub-state actors more clearly than has been the case thus far. By influencing the institutional framework regulating the tobacco sector, opening up new export markets, and investing in human capital, SEKE partially actualized the agrarian political program of the interwar period. As a large trading firm owned by agricultural cooperatives, SEKE’s history forces us to revise the limited, often cynical view of Greek agrarian cooperativism as a mere mechanism for the enforcement of redistributive state policy and the management of credit from the Agricultural Bank.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134935192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Υπό τη σκιά του Παρθενώνα: Χορός στο Φεστιβάλ Αθηνών στην περίοδο του Ψυχρού Πολέμου (1955–1966) by Steriani Tsintziloni (Στεριανή Τσιντζιλώνη) (review) 帕台农神庙的阴影下:冷战期间雅典艺术节上的舞蹈(1955-1966 年)》,作者 Steriani Tsintziloni(评论)
4区 社会学
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/mgs.2023.a908567
Katia Savrami
{"title":"Υπό τη σκιά του Παρθενώνα: Χορός στο Φεστιβάλ Αθηνών στην περίοδο του Ψυχρού Πολέμου (1955–1966) by Steriani Tsintziloni (Στεριανή Τσιντζιλώνη) (review)","authors":"Katia Savrami","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2023.a908567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2023.a908567","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Υπό τη σκιά του Παρθενώνα: Χορός στο Φεστιβάλ Αθηνών στην περίοδο του Ψυχρού Πολέμου (1955–1966) by Steriani Tsintziloni (Στεριανή Τσιντζιλώνη) Katia Savrami (bio) Steriani Tsintziloni (Στεριανή Τσιντζιλώνη), Υπό τη σκιά του Παρθενώνα: Χορός στο Φεστιβάλ Αθηνών στην περίοδο του Ψυχρού Πολέμου (1955–1966) [Under the shadow of the Parthenon: Dance at the Athens Festival during the Cold War (1955–1966)]. Athens: Kapa, 2023. Pp. 236. Paper €19.09. In her recently published book, Steriani Tsintziloni explores the role of dance in “cultural diplomacy,” a term largely associated with international communication outside of traditional diplomatic channels. Tsintziloni applies phenomenological qualitative methods and draws on archival sources to analyze a series of ballet performances presented at the Athens Festival in the 1950s and 1960s. These performances formed part of cultural and educational exchange programs, organized by the USA and the USSR, that included tours of their ballet companies to both Western and non-Western countries. It can be said that, for the political leaders of the two superpowers, dance served as a diplomatic tool for maintaining global peace and preventing the use of nuclear weapons. The book consists of a prologue by Stacey Prickett (honorary senior research fellow in Dance Studies at Roehampton University, London); an introduction; five chapters devoted to political, social, and artistic issues surrounding Cold War diplomacy in Greece; an epilogue; and a bibliography in Greek and English. It is also supplemented by two indexes that include the names of dancers and choreographers, as well as the titles of the ballets, for the American, Soviet, British, Balkan, and French companies that performed, during the period under discussion, at the Odeon of Herodes Atticus. This iconic Roman theater, it turns out, hosted some of the world’s leading ballet names during the Athens Festival’s first decade of existence. The introduction begins with Rudolf Nureyev’s legendary defection to the West in 1961. This historical and political episode provides Tsintziloni with an ideal vantage point from which to reflect on how dance served as a powerful cultural and diplomatic tool in the context of the Cold War conflicts discussed here in interdisciplinary terms. The author stresses the necessity of examining the Athens Festival ballet performances during this period, noting that they constitute an under-researched area in the history of dance in Greece, and she situates her book’s conceptual framework at the intersection of three fields: Cold War and cultural diplomacy, the history of dance, and the Greek reception of the dance performances under consideration. Chapter 1 explores in detail the history of the Athens Festival and its significance for the modernization of the performing arts in postwar Greece, a topic that has not received adequate attention in performance studies. The founding of the Festival by the Greek state was fra","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134935232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Greece from Junta to Crisis: Modernization, Transition and Diversity by Dimitris Tziovas (review) 希腊从军政府到危机:现代化、转型与多样性迪米特里斯·齐奥瓦斯
4区 社会学
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/mgs.2023.a908561
Vangelis Calotychos
{"title":"Greece from Junta to Crisis: Modernization, Transition and Diversity by Dimitris Tziovas (review)","authors":"Vangelis Calotychos","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2023.a908561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2023.a908561","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Greece from Junta to Crisis: Modernization, Transition and Diversity by Dimitris Tziovas Vangelis Calotychos (bio) Dimitris Tziovas, Greece from Junta to Crisis: Modernization, Transition and Diversity. London: I. B. Tauris, 2021. Pp. vii + 309. Hardback $108.00, Cloth $35.95, and E-book (PDF) $28.76. Literary critics no longer content themselves with completing literary histories. Instead, they pursue not the diachrony of primarily literary texts but the synchrony of an entire cultural system. Such a shift is arguably discernible in the long and prodigious output of Dimitris Tziovas, professor emeritus of Modern Greek Studies at the University of Birmingham. His numerous monographs and edited volumes in English and in Greek fit schematically into just such a first and second phase. In his first phase, his primarily textual lens progressively widens from “the nationism of the demoticists” (Tziovas 1986) to a long-due evaluation of Greek modernism (Tziovas 1997), and thence to the conditions of the self and society as revealed through an appraisal of Greek fiction (Tziovas 2003b). His second phase draws from a series of topical conferences, presciently organized at the University of Birmingham by Tziovas himself, that highlighted contexts: the Balkans (Tziovas 2003a), the Greek diaspora (Tziovas 2009), antiquity (Tziovas 2014), and austerity and crisis (Tziovas 2017). These in turn spawned collected volumes under his editorship, many of them reviewed in this journal. Tziovas’s reorientation toward contexts also coincided with his stint as a regular columnist in the culture sections of the Greek press, when he occasionally found himself a reluctant combatant in the culture wars. Meanwhile, in the field of Modern Greek Studies, Tziovas often gamely defended critical theory to his colleagues in Greece or was caught in the crossfire of Anglo-American critical disputes. In various ways, these tributary streams all flow into the present rich volume on Greece “from junta to crisis,” a volume that marks the synthesis of so much important earlier work and is a fitting monument to a long and illustrious career. Greece from Junta to Crisis positions culture at the center of the period in question, the metapolitefsi. This decision should not be understood solely as the natural disciplinary inclination of a cultural critic weary of structural political [End Page 287] analysis, even if Tziovas does write that “we do not need yet another book about [the metapolitefsi’s] politics” (1). Instead, it springs from his contention that the collapse of the dictatorship’s centralized and authoritarian rule released diverse constituencies within Greek society from a longstanding chokehold. In a society marked by the weakness of intermediary and associational forms of power that might have nurtured better forms of social differentiation (Tsoukalas 1981, 295)—beyond party politics and top down hierarchies—the new openness produced fragmentary cultural understan","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134933776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contributors 贡献者
4区 社会学
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1353/mgs.2023.a908569
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引用次数: 0
Modern Odysseys: Cavafy, Woolf, Césaire, and a Poetics of Indirection by Michelle Zerba 米歇尔·泽巴的《现代奥德赛:卡瓦菲、伍尔夫、塞泽尔与间接诗学》
IF 0.4 4区 社会学
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1353/mgs.2023.0010
V. Kolocotroni
{"title":"Modern Odysseys: Cavafy, Woolf, Césaire, and a Poetics of Indirection by Michelle Zerba","authors":"V. Kolocotroni","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2023.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2023.0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45411731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Greek Connection: The Life of Elias Demetracopoulos and the Untold Story of Watergate by James H. Barron, and: Ένα σκοτεινό δωμάτιο, 1967–1974: Ο Ιωαννίδης και η παγίδα της Κύπρου—Τα πετρέλαια στο Αιγαίο—Ο ρόλος των Αμερικανών [A dark room, 1967–1974: Ioannidis and the Cyprus trap—Aegean oil—The role of the Americans]. by Alexis Papahelas (Αλέξης Παπαχελάς) 詹姆斯-H.-巴伦(James H. Barron)所著的《希腊关系:埃利亚斯-德米特拉科普洛斯的生平和水门事件的不为人知的故事》,以及亚历克西斯-帕帕赫拉斯(Alexis Papahelas)所著的《1967-1974 年的暗室:伊奥尼迪斯和塞浦路斯陷阱-爱琴海石油-美国人的作用》。 亚历克西斯-帕帕赫拉斯著
4区 社会学
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1353/mgs.2023.0005
Konstantina E. Botsiou
{"title":"The Greek Connection: The Life of Elias Demetracopoulos and the Untold Story of Watergate by James H. Barron, and: Ένα σκοτεινό δωμάτιο, 1967–1974: Ο Ιωαννίδης και η παγίδα της Κύπρου—Τα πετρέλαια στο Αιγαίο—Ο ρόλος των Αμερικανών [A dark room, 1967–1974: Ioannidis and the Cyprus trap—Aegean oil—The role of the Americans]. by Alexis Papahelas (Αλέξης Παπαχελάς)","authors":"Konstantina E. Botsiou","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2023.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2023.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: The Greek Connection: The Life of Elias Demetracopoulos and the Untold Story of Watergate by James H. Barron, and: Ένα σκοτεινό δωμάτιο, 1967–1974: Ο Ιωαννίδης και η παγίδα της Κύπρου—Τα πετρέλαια στο Αιγαίο—Ο ρόλος των Αμερικανών [A dark room, 1967–1974: Ioannidis and the Cyprus trap—Aegean oil—The role of the Americans]. by Alexis Papahelas (Αλέξης Παπαχελάς) Konstantina E. Botsiou (bio) James H. Barron, The Greek Connection: The Life of Elias Demetracopoulos and the Untold Story of Watergate. New York: Melville House. 2020. Pp. xiii + 482. 21 illustrations. Hardcover $31.67. Alexis Papahelas (Αλέξης Παπαχελάς), Ένα σκοτεινό δωμάτιο, 1967–1974: Ο Ιωαννίδης και η παγίδα της Κύπρου—Τα πετρέλαια στο Αιγαίο—Ο ρόλος των Αμερικανών[A dark room, 1967–1974: Ioannidis and the Cyprus trap—Aegean oil—The role of the Americans]. Athens: Metechmio, 2021. Pp. 630. Cloth €18.90. Due to a scarcity of archival sources and the aversion of historians, the foreign and defense policies of the seven-year Greek military dictatorship (1967–1974) have not been systematically researched. Although more widely explored than most of the dictatorship’s foreign connections, Greek-American relations during this period are no exception to the rule. Ideologically driven interpretations or “what ifs” hardly substitute for structured analyses of alliances, animosities, and political decisions. As a matter of fact, they strengthen the superficial perception of the junta as a tragic parenthesis in the history of postwar Greece. This tendency is changing, however, and two recent publications are especially noteworthy. James H. Barron and Alexis Papahelas both present detailed accounts of the dictators’ worldviews and actions. They also offer thorough overviews of the Greek political ecosystem in the 1950s and 1960s, where the future dictators thrived. Various continuities and discontinuities with the earlier period place the dictatorship in a historical context driven by anticommunism—and its local version, εθνικοφροσύνη (ethnikofrosyni)—which the colonels took up as their mission when Greek politicians loosened their grip in the era of international détente. Committed to the zeitgeist of bipolarity, the colonels baptized personal competitors as enemies of the state. Barron’s story of Elias Demetracopoulos’s multiple persecutions by Greek and American officials before and during the dictatorship captivates the reader. Demetracopoulos suffered the various types of character assassination that an [End Page 137] assertive journalist posing inconvenient questions would undergo. A prominent example of his research concerned the stationing of nuclear missiles on Greek soil as a result of the “Sputnik effect.” Demetracopoulos maintained many doubts about the Greek government’s denial of any participation in the US program of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), which had involved Italy and Turkey before the Cuban Missile Crisis of October 1962. He believed that Greek p","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136048805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contributors 贡献者
4区 社会学
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1353/mgs.2023.0011
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