Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity最新文献_第3页

Validity-reliability of the e-Healthy Diet Literacy Scale in Turkish adults 土耳其成人电子健康饮食素养量表的效度-信度

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.09

Sevil Karahan Yilmaz, Gunay Eskici, Osman Emir Sarac

{"title":"Validity-reliability of the e-Healthy Diet Literacy Scale in Turkish adults","authors":"Sevil Karahan Yilmaz, Gunay Eskici, Osman Emir Sarac","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.09","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study aims to establish the validity-reliability of the Turkish version of adult e-Healthy Diet Literacy Scale and to determine its relationship with the Health Literacy Instrument Scale (short-form), the Digital Healthy Diet Literacy Scale, and participants’ characteristics. Ma-terial and Methods: Drawing on a methodological and descriptive design, this research was per-formed in two steps. It was conducted with 240 participants in the first step and 879 participants in the second step. The participants filled out the eHealthy Diet Literacy Scale, Health Literacy In-strument Scale (short-form), and Digital Healthy Diet Literacy Scale. The questionnaire form was sent to the participants online. Results: Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the 11-item e-Healthy Diet Literacy scale was found to be 0.555. There was a significant relationship between the Health Literacy Instrument Scale (short-Form) and age groups, educational level, occupations, marital status, BMI, weekly physical activity and chronic disease status. Conclusions: This study evaluated the Turkish validity and reliability of the e-HDL, which was originally designed in Taiwan as a valid and reliable tool to evaluate the individuals’ ability to access, understand, appraise, and apply healthy diet information.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136278201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The COL27A1 and COL11A1 gene variants are not associated with the susceptibility to anterior cruciate ligament rupture in Polish athletes COL27A1和COL11A1基因变异与波兰运动员前交叉韧带断裂易感性无关

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Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.02

Zhuo Sun, Aleksandra Bojarczuk, P. Cięszczyk

{"title":"The COL27A1 and COL11A1 gene variants are not associated with the susceptibility to anterior cruciate ligament rupture in Polish athletes","authors":"Zhuo Sun, Aleksandra Bojarczuk, P. Cięszczyk","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sports injuries are the most common cause of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures. Previous research has demonstrated links between some of the COL27A1 and COL11A1 genetic variants and musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries. However, no previous research has investigated the COL27A1 rs1570460 and the COL11A1 rs3753841 in the context of ACL rupture in any population. Thus, our study aimed to assess the association between specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), i.e., COL27A1 rs946053 and COL11A1 rs3753841, and the occurrence of ACL injury (ACL-I) in a cohort of Polish athletes. Methods: The study enrolled 233 athletes with ACL-I (161 males and 71 females) and 228 healthy control athletes (143 males and 85 females) with no prior ACL-I history. Genotyping was conducted to assess the presence of COL27A1 rs946053 and COL11A1 rs3753841 genetic variants. Statistical analyses were performed using the R programming environment and package, and an association between SNPs and ACL-I was tested in four genetic models: dominant, co-dominant recessive, and over-dominant. Results: All the analyzed polymorphisms conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The study revealed no significant differences between the ACL-I and control groups. Conclusions: Despite the absence of significant associations between the investigated SNPs and ACL-I in this study, our findings highlight the importance of continued research to unravel the precise genetic risk mechanisms and etiological factors contributing to ACL-I.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84079664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.04

E. Demirkan, Tugrul Ozkadi, Ismet Alagoz, Esin Çağla Çağlar, Furkan Camici

{"title":"Age-related physical and performance changes in young swimmers: The comparison of predictive models in 50-meter swimming performance","authors":"E. Demirkan, Tugrul Ozkadi, Ismet Alagoz, Esin Çağla Çağlar, Furkan Camici","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of the study was to investigate the age-related anthropometric and motor performance changes over time and their contributions to swimming style-specific performance in young different chronological age swimmers. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on a total of forty swimmers who were divided into 2 groups. The Anthropometric meas-urements were executed from 12 body parts, and body composition analysis was determined by using the skinfold method. The motor performance tests were performed for the assessment of standing horizontal jump, handgrip strength, flexed-arm hang strength, sit-up, flexibility, aerobic endurance, speed, agility, and balance. Simple Linear Regression analysis was performed to build the models for each of the swimming styles. Results: All the models indicated that aerobic endur-ance was a significantly predictive variable on all swimming styles (p < 0.001). The results indicated that the anthropometric and motor performance predictors changed depending upon the age pro-gression in each swimming style (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The effect of many variables on swimming performance is seen to be more evident in the following periods based on the increase of age. Aerobic endurance is a common variable that shows effectiveness on swimming performance for both all age groups and swimming styles.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78520839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictors of meeting physical activity recommendation before and during COVID-19 pandemic in adults 成人在COVID-19大流行之前和期间满足身体活动建议的预测因素

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Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.01

Ayda Karaca, Sinem HAZIR AYTAR, F. Akcan, Necip Demirci, E. Caglar

{"title":"Predictors of meeting physical activity recommendation before and during COVID-19 pandemic in adults","authors":"Ayda Karaca, Sinem HAZIR AYTAR, F. Akcan, Necip Demirci, E. Caglar","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study aimed to determine the variables that predict whether WHO's global recommendation for physical activity (PA) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic can be met among adults. Material and Methods: A total of 921 adults voluntarily participated in this study. A demographic information form and the Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire for Turkish people were administered by self-report. The participants were also asked whether they regularly do PA and if the duration of PA is over 150 minutes. Results: The number of adults doing regular PA at the level recommended by WHO significantly decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the rate of not doing regular PA significantly increased compared to the period before the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.05). Variables that reduce the likelihood of doing regular PA at the recommended level include being male, being under 45 years old, being married, having high school education or below, having a moderate and low-income, having a high BMI, and having a high recreational sedentary screen time (RSST) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The results of this study provide a priori information for implementations aimed at improving the recommended PA level for adults during social isolation or lockdown.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81098848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical activity in managing stress among managers during a COVID-19 pandemic – systematic review 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间管理人员管理压力的体育活动——系统综述

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Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.02

A. Hryniewicz, A. Gmiat, Magdalena Jaroch-Lidzbarska, M. Lipowski

{"title":"Physical activity in managing stress among managers during a COVID-19 pandemic – systematic review","authors":"A. Hryniewicz, A. Gmiat, Magdalena Jaroch-Lidzbarska, M. Lipowski","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic managers experienced additional stress connected with taking responsibility for workers at the time of a worldwide crisis. Maintaining a high level of physical activity in this specific group possibly could have contributed to keeping both management skills and health condition at a high required standard. The purpose of this review is to verify the range of scientific interest on the subject of physical activity among managers as a stress coping strategy during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: For this systematic review six studies were chosen (two of them are qualitative descriptive, three are cross-sectional, one is a report). The inclusion criteria were as follows: studies focusing on stress, physical activity and managers; studies conducted in the years of COVID-19 epidemic available in full-text. The exclusion criteria applied to studies where the managers’ group was not specified. The number of study participants ranged from 20 to 255. Results: The frequency of exercise was insufficient and unsuitable to the managers’ specific needs, especially during the demanding time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The managers were highly aware of the role of sport in lowering stress and improving health, especially during the pandemic. However, this has not resulted in more frequent physical activity among this group. There is a high probability that further confronting the leaders with their real physical activity daily habits would have influenced their reflection about the subject and initiated change.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72844045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute effects of three different stretching techniques on hamstring flexibility in professional football players 三种不同的拉伸技术对职业足球运动员腿筋柔韧性的急性影响

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Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.08

Erkan Erol, Ramazan Yıldız, Aysel Yıldız, F. Doğan, B. Elbasan

{"title":"Acute effects of three different stretching techniques on hamstring flexibility in professional football players","authors":"Erkan Erol, Ramazan Yıldız, Aysel Yıldız, F. Doğan, B. Elbasan","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hamstring injuries are common in physically active people and athletes. Lack of hamstring flexibility is the one of the most important characteristics of hamstring injuries in athletes. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of three different stretching techniques on hamstring flexibility in professional football players. Materials and Methods: Fifty-five male football players between the ages of 18–20 years old were involved in the study. The participants were divided into 3 groups: static stretching, neuromobilization and Mulligan traction straight leg raise (TSLR), respectively. Each participant’s dominant lower extremity was assessed with a straight leg raise test (SLR) using a goniometer before and after the intervention. Results: There was a significant difference in the SLR range of motion before and after the intervention in all groups. There was no difference in the range of SLR between the groups at the beginning and at the end. However, the increase in the SLR range of motion was significantly higher in the Mulligan TSLR group. Conclusions: It was concluded that all 3 stretching techniques are effective in increasing hamstring flexibility in football players. However, the Mulligan TSLR technique could provide a greater increase in the range of motion than other techniques.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79327834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in ACTN3, ACE, and ADBR3 polymorphisms between Croatian National Team and non-national team elite soccer players 克罗地亚国家队和非国家队精英足球运动员ACTN3、ACE和ADBR3多态性的差异

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Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.06

L. Ružić, I. Radman, B. Matkovic

{"title":"Differences in ACTN3, ACE, and ADBR3 polymorphisms between Croatian National Team and non-national team elite soccer players","authors":"L. Ružić, I. Radman, B. Matkovic","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study investigated the differences in ACTN3, ACE and ADRB3 variants in top-level soccer players who entered the Croatian National Team and the ones who did not but played for two best Croatian teams. Material and Methods: The buccal swabs were collected from 56 soccer players playing for the Croatian National Team (N = 31) and/or for one of the two most prestigious Croatian soccer clubs (N = 25). Each participant’s genotype was determined by analyzing the single-nucleotide polymorphism. The ACTN3 gene (rs1815739) on chromosome 11 and the ACE (rs1799752) gene on chromosome 17 were determined. Results: No significant differences between the players who entered the national team and the ones who did not were found in ACTN3 R577X (p = 0.437) and ADRB3 (p = 0.202) polymorphism distribution, while the differences existed in ACE (p = 0.044). The significant differences were determined in the “Athletic index” between the national-team and non-national-team players (p = 0.023). Regarding the position, the “Athletic index” was significantly higher only in national team midfielders (2.50 ±1.08 points vs. 1.38 ±1.06; p = 0.034). Conclusion: It seems that the soccer players with a favorable genetic combination on the ACTN3 gene and ACE gene might have had a better chance to enter the National Team.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74066197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic variants and anterior cruciate ligament rupture – elastin proteins gene and fibromodulin gene polymorphisms 遗传变异和前交叉韧带断裂-弹性蛋白基因和纤维调节蛋白基因多态性

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Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.03

E. Lulinska, J. Żelazny, Agnieszka Lulińska, Elzbieta Grzywacz, Aleksandra Stroinska-Pluta, M. Sawczuk

{"title":"Genetic variants and anterior cruciate ligament rupture – elastin proteins gene and fibromodulin gene polymorphisms","authors":"E. Lulinska, J. Żelazny, Agnieszka Lulińska, Elzbieta Grzywacz, Aleksandra Stroinska-Pluta, M. Sawczuk","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most common ligament injuries of the knee and often require reconstruction. The etiology of the molecular mechanisms of rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is poorly understood, and many external and internal factors have been associated with it, including genetics. This study aimed to investigate the association of sequence variants in the ELN and FMOD candidate genes with ACL ruptures based on the essential biological functions of these two proteoglycan-encoding genes in maintaining the structural integrity of tissues and regulating fibrillogenesis. Material and Methods: The partici-pants consisted of 229 (164 male and 65 female) individuals with a surgically diagnosed ACL rup-ture (ACLR) who qualified for ligament reconstruction and 192 (107 male and 85 female) healthy participants with no history of ACL injury (CON group). All 229 participants in the ACLR group sustained injuries through non-contact mechanisms. The chi-square tests were used for association analysis of ELN rs2071307 and FMOD rs7543148 between the anterior cruciate ligament rupture (ACLR) group and the control (CON) group. Results: It follows from the study that the tested group of athletes shows a statistically significantly more frequent AA genotype in the ELN rs2071307 gene polymorphism than the control group. However, looking at gender, one can observe that these are significantly more frequent. In the polymorphism of the FMOD rs7543148 gene, a significantly rarer TT genotype was observed in the study group compared to the control group and, similarly to the previous polymorphism, the TT genotype was significantly less frequent in the group of males com-pared to the control group. Conclusions: Genetic research in sports, especially concerning injuries connected to characteristic polymorphic variants of selected genes, is justified, particularly as regards gender-homogenous groups.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89337709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relative age effect of female and male handball players participating in the Olympics Games Tokyo 2020 2020年东京奥运会男女手球运动员的相对年龄效应

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Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.07

Paweł Krawczyk, Adam Dyjas, Adam Szelag, Maciej Cedro

{"title":"Relative age effect of female and male handball players participating in the Olympics Games Tokyo 2020","authors":"Paweł Krawczyk, Adam Dyjas, Adam Szelag, Maciej Cedro","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine whether the relative age effect (RAE) was present among handball players participating in the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. Materials and Methods. The study involved a group of handball players participating in the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. All data was collected from the website of the IHF. The research material consisted of data on the players’ dates of birth, which were broken down by four quarters (Q1: January 1–March 31, Q2: April 1–June 30, Q3: July 1–September 30, Q4: October 1–December 31) and two semesters (S1: January 1–June 30, S2: July 1–December 31). The following independent variables were used: game position, continent and world region. Differences between the dates of birth were determined using the chi-square test. To determine the strength of correlations, Cramér’s V was used. Results. In general terms, the main factor differentiating the RAE among handball players participating in the Tokyo 2020 Olympics was the geographical location of the country they represented (continent). There was no RAE among female handball players. Among male handball players, the RAE was differentiated by the region of the world (Europe, others). Conclusions. In order to thoroughly investigate and describe the RAE, further research and the search for factors that differentiate it should be carried out.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78998347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Action distance as a predictor of winning and losing matches at FIVB Volleyball Men’s World Championship 国际排联世界男子排球锦标赛中动作距离对胜负的预测

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Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.05

D. Mroczek, D. Pawlik

{"title":"Action distance as a predictor of winning and losing matches at FIVB Volleyball Men’s World Championship","authors":"D. Mroczek, D. Pawlik","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Technology determines the emergence of functional tools to monitor and control motor activity during the game. One of the solutions for monitoring the player in indoor sports are computer video analyses, which determine basic kinematic parameters. The study aims to compare team and player activity with the outcome of a given set and the effect of the game status on player activity during a championship-level match. Materials and Methods: The study analysed 140 volleyball players aged 19 to 40 years (27.05 ± 4.33 years, height: 197.15 ± 9.63 cm, body mass: 88.51 ± 9.23 kg) participating in the FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship. The observed matches were categorised by score (3:0, 3:1, 3:2 and 0:3, 1:3 and 2:3). Depending on winning or losing, each set was described as W – a winning set, P – a losing set and O – as the first set. Results: The average distance covered in all observed matches was 10.7 ± 0.09 m, while for matches completed in 3 sets, it was 10.48 ± 0.13 m. Attackers covered the longest distance in action (11.43 ± 1.68 m), while the libero covered the shortest distance from among all observed players (8.79 ± 1.91 m). The losing teams covered a significantly greater distance in action (10.87 ± 2.24 m) in action than the winning teams (10.54 ± 1.91 m). Conclusion: The results of this study allow the conclusion that teams winning sets cover a smaller average distance in action than their opponents. The highest covered distance was observed in the first set and in sets 4 and 5 when teams were losing a set after losing the previous one. The smallest distance was covered by teams that lost set 5 after winning the previous set.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88119400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0