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Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants最新文献

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Capturing valuable undocumented knowledge: lessons learned at electric utility sites 获取有价值的未记录的知识:在电力设施现场学到的经验教训
Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 2002-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042858
L. Hanes, M. M. Gross
{"title":"Capturing valuable undocumented knowledge: lessons learned at electric utility sites","authors":"L. Hanes, M. M. Gross","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042858","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides some important lessons learned that a utility might consider as it goes about implementing a new, or expanding an existing, program to capture valuable undocumented knowledge from departing or other potentially unavailable workers. The lessons learned relate to (1) the process that a utility may follow to value, elicit, store, and retrieve valuable undocumented knowledge, and (2) specific methods and tools that may be used to elicit, store, and retrieve the knowledge.","PeriodicalId":437142,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127407937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Differences between human reliability approaches in nuclear- and aviation-safety 核安全与航空安全中人的可靠性方法的差异
Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 2002-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042835
O. Straeter, B. Kirwan
{"title":"Differences between human reliability approaches in nuclear- and aviation-safety","authors":"O. Straeter, B. Kirwan","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042835","url":null,"abstract":"Any industry has its own constraints which led to certain approaches for running the business and for dealing with safety issues. However serious events and accidents are showing that industries can learn a lot from each other, in particular in the field of human factors and human errors. This paper is a contribution to a cross-industry discussion of human factor issues. It outlines an approach to learn from decisions taken in an industry and the dynamic development of human factor issues rather than a comparison of differences in the state of a technology regarding human factor issues. The paper presents the opinion of the authors and not necessarily the ones of Eurocontrol. It is based on the authors' experience in both nuclear power plant (NPP) industry and air traffic management (ATM) over several years.","PeriodicalId":437142,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125301672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Critique of current human reliability analysis methods 当前人的可靠性分析方法的批判
Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 2002-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042832
A. Spurgin, B. Lydell
{"title":"Critique of current human reliability analysis methods","authors":"A. Spurgin, B. Lydell","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042832","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a critical review of human reliability analysis methods and techniques as applied in current probabilistic safety assessments of nuclear power plants. Practitioners continue to rely on concepts, data and methodologies that have seen relatively little change since the early 1970s, however. The generic human reliability data developed for the seminal 1975 Reactor Safety Study is still being used. Using the review insights, the paper develops recommendations for using plant-specific information from operator training and procedure validation in the human reliability analysis applications.","PeriodicalId":437142,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"44 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115549590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
Internet reporting, analysis, and sharing of information about incidents and root causes 互联网报告、分析和分享有关事件和根本原因的信息
Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 2002-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042824
E. Skompski, M. Paradies, K. Dunnavant
{"title":"Internet reporting, analysis, and sharing of information about incidents and root causes","authors":"E. Skompski, M. Paradies, K. Dunnavant","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042824","url":null,"abstract":"Since the advent of the \"Information Superhighway\" and its subsequent growth through the 1990s, it has become one of the most powerful tools in industry. From e-mail to ebusiness, this tool gives us a communication path with almost unlimited potential and opportunity. Many companies have capitalized on this opportunity by building internal communication systems that use the Internet as part of the infrastructure. Part of this communication system should be the process of investigating and communicating process and quality related information. Along with the benefits provided, the Internet also brings with it several problems that can make or break an Internet-based program. These problems include the security, confidentiality, and the reliability of data.","PeriodicalId":437142,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114394936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A model to predict fatigue degraded performance 疲劳退化性能预测模型
Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 2002-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042839
J. French
{"title":"A model to predict fatigue degraded performance","authors":"J. French","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042839","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining alertness has always been a critical problem for personnel on shift work supporting around the clock operations. Yet vigilance on duty is increasingly threatened by a reliance on sophisticated electronic systems with the attendant increase in the cognitive workload, by a greater reliance on protracted, continuous operations, particularly at night, and by the current emphasis on reduced staffing. An empirically based mathematical algorithm was developed for a tool that can be used to manage fatigue on duty. The algorithm estimates fatigue resulting from extended duty days and fragmented or reduced sleep. It was validated by predicting the observed outcome from a separate study of performance degradation by fatigue (r=0.87; p<0.02). The algorithm would be useful in many human system integration problems such as predicting which crew duty schedules would produce the least fatigue. An example is described comparing shift schedules during two weeks of maritime activity.","PeriodicalId":437142,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117086382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Regulatory culture - A case study in Finland 监管文化——芬兰的案例研究
Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 2002-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042851
T. Reiman, L. Norros
{"title":"Regulatory culture - A case study in Finland","authors":"T. Reiman, L. Norros","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042851","url":null,"abstract":"A case study to investigate the organizational culture of the regulatory authority was conducted at the Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority of Finland's (STUK) Nuclear Reactor Regulation (YTO) - Department. Organizational culture is defined as a pattern of shared basic assumptions that are partially unconscious. A model of the demands of regulatory work was conceptualized and used in assessing the characteristics of the regulatory culture. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used in the research. Based on the results of the case study, we propose a model of the demands of regulatory culture, comprising of three occasionally conflicting roles: the authority role, the expert role and the public role. The implications of these roles and their conflicting demands are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":437142,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114192734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Task network modeling: resolving manning issues in complex environments 任务网络建模:解决复杂环境中的人员配置问题
Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 2002-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042838
C. Wetteland, S. Bowen, J. French
{"title":"Task network modeling: resolving manning issues in complex environments","authors":"C. Wetteland, S. Bowen, J. French","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042838","url":null,"abstract":"Limitations that humans impose on task execution are rarely integrated into simulations of complex systems, resulting in loss of outcome fidelity. A discrete-event simulation tool has been used to model the impact of human interactions in US Navy and Coast Guard vessels. Models for these vessels have been used to estimate workload and fatigue. In workload measuring applications detailed task networks for teams of individuals were modeled over the 14-day scenarios. Predictions of operator utilization for several manning configurations were used to optimize manning and task allocations for the team. Models predicting fatigue were developed for entire crews to estimate the impact of work and sleep schedules over the same 14-day period on individual fatigue levels. Used in combination, these models provide predictions of the appropriate team size needed to maintain that watch level around the clock for a sustained period of time.","PeriodicalId":437142,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"51 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129365502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effective trending of human performance data 人类表现数据的有效趋势
Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 2002-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042827
R. Wagner
{"title":"Effective trending of human performance data","authors":"R. Wagner","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042827","url":null,"abstract":"In any labor-intensive industry there is a need to continuously improve performance of employees and the processes that guide them. One challenge in achieving this goal is the integration of human performance monitoring processes and the subsequent trend analysis of data collected. Such integration can be technically challenging if not incorporated in the processes prior to implementation. This is especially true with today's dynamic \"virtual organizations\". The foundation of efforts to improve human performance is built upon trend analysis of documented errors and challenges, whether self-identified by the culpable individual or identified by the observation of others. Therefore, the trend evaluator must have the ability to analyze all human performance issues identified. Creating an atmosphere of self-critical behavior where employees proactively self-identify their errors is typically one of the most difficult challenges in the area of human performance improvement. Due to the difficulty in reaching this level of maturity, organizations often rely on various methods of observation, audits, reviews, and assessments. These various methods must be integrated such that value of information gather is utilized in all human performance monitoring processes. This document discusses an organized approach to human performance improvement through utilization of integrated processes aimed at recording human errors/challenges and subsequently trending this data to identify areas for improvement.","PeriodicalId":437142,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121809659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring power plant data resources for organizational epidemiology 为组织流行病学探索电厂数据资源
Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 2002-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042874
T. Ayres, M. M. Gross
{"title":"Exploring power plant data resources for organizational epidemiology","authors":"T. Ayres, M. M. Gross","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042874","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational epidemiology is the empirical study of factors or conditions that may lead to human performance problems in organizational settings. The EPRI Strategic Human Performance Program has supported investigation of the extent to which existing data at power plants (as opposed to potential new types of observations) could enable prediction of operational trends reflecting human performance. This paper presents an overview of the project and its principal findings.","PeriodicalId":437142,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125261530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Assessing safety culture in an organizational context 在组织环境中评估安全文化
Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants Pub Date : 2002-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042849
S. Haber, D.A. Shurberg
{"title":"Assessing safety culture in an organizational context","authors":"S. Haber, D.A. Shurberg","doi":"10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042849","url":null,"abstract":"Many organizations depend on human performance to avoid adverse incidents ranging from costly employee injury rates to significant penalties for inadequate environmental performance to widespread damage or loss of human life. Without an effective organizational safety culture, a safe working environment is impossible. This paper describes a method that provides an objective and quantitative measurement of organizational processes deemed to impact overall safety performance. The effectiveness of this method has been demonstrated in organizations representing industries as diverse as nuclear power, research, mining, health care, and chemical reprocessing. Generic results from the use of the methodology are presented, with particular emphasis placed on those attributes of organizational functioning that most effectively discriminate between facilities and are related to overall safety performance.","PeriodicalId":437142,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131549465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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