New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 16最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the Effects of Standardised Treatment Protocols for Opportunistic Infection in Children Living with HIV/AIDS on Their Clinical Profile","authors":"S. Pawar, Sadhana S. Raut, S. Mundada, A. Suryawanshi, P. Patil","doi":"10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/4351f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/4351f","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: AIDS has become prevalent all across the world. As in adults, pediatric HIV/AIDS is on rise all over the world. Since 1981, about 25 million individuals have died around the world as a result of HIV. The risk of mother to child transmission of HIV infection varies from country to country and also within a country depending on the facilities available.   \u0000Aims and Objectives: To investigate a standardised treatment protocol for opportunistic infections in HIV/AIDS children. \u0000Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on children living with HIV/AIDS at the A.R.T. Centre, government medical college and hospital in Aurangabad from July to December, 2007. One of the primary goals of this project was to develop a standard treatment protocol for the management of opportunistic infections in HIV/AIDS-infected children. Necessary permission from NACO, MSACS and Parents or Care takers Consent was taken. A total of 280 paediatric patients were enrolled, with 50 of them receiving antiretroviral therapy. \u0000Result: The most frequent OI in the study group was tuberculosis, which was followed by diarrhoea and acute respiratory infection. After initiating the Standard Treatment Protocol in Children with HIV/AIDS, there was an overall rise in height, weight, and CD4 count. \u0000Conclusion: After starting the Standard Treatment Protocol in Children with HIV/AIDS, there was a positive response in the form of increased height, weight, and overall increase in CD4 Count, indicating that these standard protocols should be strictly followed for a better prognosis for opportunistic infections in children with HIV/AIDS.","PeriodicalId":436259,"journal":{"name":"New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 16","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116114309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study on Diet and Women Fertility","authors":"H. G. Oufi, Ruaa E. Alabd","doi":"10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/13015d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/13015d","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The goal of this study was to determine the impact of diet and dietary habits on women's fertility. \u0000Materials and Methods: Between January and September 2014, this study was conducted in seven different institutes and hospitals in Baghdad. The participants were 400 adult women, ranging in age from 17 to 47 years, who were separated into two groups. There were 300 fertile women in group I and 100 infertile women in group II.A specific questionnaire had been designed and used for data collection. \u0000Results: A significant difference in weight and body mass index (BMI) was discovered between the infertile and control groups. The mean weights for the infertile and control groups were 73.07 kg vs 69.06 kg, respectively, while the mean BMI was 28.83 vs 26.70 for the infertile and control groups. In addition, the infertile women consumed more carbonated beverages, tea, chicken, and fish than the control group, while consuming less milk and red meat. Furthermore, the infertile group consumed less corn oil and olive oil than the control group (5 and 0% vs 21 and 2%, respectively), but ingested more solid fat and mixed fat (2 and 6% vs 0 and 2.7%, respectively). \u0000Conclusion: Although there are treatment options for infertility, their high cost and high frequency of side effects have prompted researchers to look into dietary aspects that may contribute to infertility. This study confirmed the association between weight, BMI, and infertility. Diet was identified as one of the modifiable risk factors that may affect fertility in the selected groups in the current study; therefore, it is critical to focus more on the role of diet in women's fertility and raise women's awareness of it, as well as suggesting more educational programmes at the primary health care level.","PeriodicalId":436259,"journal":{"name":"New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 16","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122649332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives Associated with an Increase in the Incidence of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma in Uganda: An Advanced Study","authors":"Richard Wismayer","doi":"10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/4522f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/4522f","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a current review of work done on colorectal adenocarcinoma in Uganda highlighting the perspectives associated with the increased rate of cases observed in our hospitals. Differences in tumor location compared to the Western world and the challenges encountered in obtaining an early diagnosis of CRC in Ugandan patients are also highlighted in this work. A steady increase of CRC in other Sub-Saharan African countries is also currently being documented however this is associated with a higher CRC-associated morbidity and mortality. Reasons behind this increase may be the nutrition transition in Sub-Saharan Africa characterized by decreased consumption of dietary fibre, starch and plant proteins to a Western diet associated with consumption of fatty foods and red meat. The emergence of noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes and obesity coupled with increased alcohol consumption and smoking confers a higher risk to CRC. A shift in the demographics is observed in Uganda compared to high income countries with 22.8% of our CRC cases being diagnosed at <40years of age compared to 3-7% in high income countries. A challenge experienced with this early age onset is that it is associated with an aggressive biological behavior with a poor prognosis. The high proportion of left sided colon and rectal adenocarcinoma in Uganda makes our population more amenable to screening. However challenges experienced in Uganda and other Sub-Saharan African countries include the availability of endoscopic training and equipment, costs, availability of pathologic services and patient acceptance. The increased diagnosis of CRC cases that will result from screening will eventually require a parallel increase in surgical and oncological infrastructure to manage CRC patients. An improvement in diagnosing, screening and treating CRC by increasing surgical and endoscopic capacity with the aid of international medical and surgical societies should be a public health priority in Uganda given the observed epidemiological shifts. Future implementation of National screening programmes to detect CRC at an early stage is also necessary to reduce the mortality in the Ugandan population.","PeriodicalId":436259,"journal":{"name":"New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 16","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127948737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Nasopalatine Duct Cyst: A Common Lesion with Uncommon Presentation in a Young Girl","authors":"S. Desai, Sanika G. S. Kulkarni, Jaydeep N Pol, D. Patil","doi":"10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/4496f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/4496f","url":null,"abstract":"Nasopalatine cysts are developing cysts that are not odontogenic. These are the most common asymptomatic cysts in the oral cavity, and they appear as a bulge in the front maxillary region. Nasopalatine duct cyst is more common in men in their fourth to sixth decades of life. The objective of this study is to review the prevalence, epidemiology and clinical presentation, to describe the radiographic and pathological findings, and to explain surgical management of this entity in a 11-year-old female patient.","PeriodicalId":436259,"journal":{"name":"New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 16","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116316996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review and Update on Clinical Management on Burning Mouth Syndrome","authors":"J. Spanemberg, Eugenia Rodríguez de Rivera Campillo, E. J. Salas, A. E. Devesa, Jose L. Lopez","doi":"10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/12068d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/12068d","url":null,"abstract":"Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is a persistent condition that primarily affects postmenopausal middle-aged women. The absence of clinical indications and burning feelings of the oral mucosa identify this illness.BMS has a complicated aetiology that incorporates a number of factors.BMS can be caused by a variety of local, systemic, and psychological conditions, including stress, anxiety, and depression. BMS Type I, II, or III are possible classifications. Although there are no obvious organic changes and no health hazards associated with this illness, it can drastically affect the patient's quality of life. The objective is to review the available literature related to BMS, and makes special reference to its therapeutic management. The sections that follow will also go through important diagnostic criteria, etiological factors, and clinical aspects. The main objective of management is that of providing support to the patient and working towards symptom reduction, rather than total elimination of such symptoms. Tricyclic antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and antipsychotic medicines are the most frequently accepted therapy alternatives with variable results; nevertheless, there are other therapies that will be presented that can also be used.  The management of this group of patients should be done by professionals who talk and reaffirm to them the nature of the disease and discuss the benefits of intended therapies or possibility of pain relief. Patients should be educated about the need for a multidisciplinary team approach and the probability of needing multiple changes in therapies until effective treatment is achieved. Professionals in the field of dentistry should develop standardised symptoms and diagnostic criteria so that multidisciplinary research can more easily discover the most successful and reliable BMS treatment techniques.","PeriodicalId":436259,"journal":{"name":"New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 16","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115892468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Seroprevalence of HIV Infection among Tuberculosis Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"D. Kinariwala","doi":"10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/9260d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/9260d","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the most potent risk factor for Tuberculosis progression (TB). Surveillance of HIV among & TB patients has been recognized to be important as the HIV epidemic continues to fuel TB epidemic. In those who are infected with both HIV and TB, the interaction is bidirectional and synergistic. The purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HIV infection among patients with tuberculosis in a tertiary care hospital. \u0000Method: A one-year study of 4500 confirmed tuberculosis patients was conducted, and HIV antibodies were tested in accordance with National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) guidelines. The results showed that 244 (5.42 percent) of the 4500 patients screened were HIV positive. The male to female ratio was 2.34 (171/73), and the prevalence of co-infection was highest among those aged 35 to 50 years. \u0000Conclusion: The current study found 5.42 percent HIV seroprevalence in tuberculosis patients. Early diagnosis of HIV infection in tuberculosis patients will allow for quicker access to care and treatment, including antiretroviral therapy (ART).  This will reduce the number of deaths and illnesses among HIV-TB co-infected patients.","PeriodicalId":436259,"journal":{"name":"New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 16","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133375241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Uterine Cancer: Epithelioid Leiomyosarcoma","authors":"Upadhya Rekha, V. G. Poojari, M. Pai, J. Nambiar","doi":"10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/1906c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/1906c","url":null,"abstract":"A uterine epithelioid leiomyosarcoma is a type of uterine mesenchymal tumour that arises from the smooth muscle lining the walls of the uterus. The specific cause of leiomyosarcoma is uncertain, with uterine leiomyosarcoma accounting for 5 to 10% of cases. The most prevalent subtype of uterine sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, accounts for 1-2 percent of all uterine malignancies. Recent application of molecular techniques has identified numerous lesions with distinctive genetic abnormalities and clinicopathological characteristics. Menopausal women who are not on hormonal replacement medication and have tumour development should be suspected of malignancy. A 64-year-old woman had reached menopause 16 years prior and had been experiencing postmenopausal haemorrhage for the past two months, with a palpable mass measuring 16 weeks in size. The whorled mass lesions, endometrium, and myometrium could not be seen separately on ultrasonography. Uterus with both ovaries removed. Intraoperative investigations revealed a 16-week-old uterine mass with a diameter of 15x15 cm and a weight of 1kg, as well as an intramural fibroid. On cut section, necrotic and haemorrhagic regions with degenerative alterations suggest cancer. Epithelioid leiomyosarcoma was discovered using histopathology and immunohistochemistry.","PeriodicalId":436259,"journal":{"name":"New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 16","volume":"217 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134324465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Study of Financial Impact of COVID-19 on Ophthalmic Practices","authors":"N. Renu","doi":"10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/13204d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/13204d","url":null,"abstract":"The unprecedented threat of Covid-19 has forced transition from the normal way of life. The new norm now includes social distancing, the use of face masks, and reduced contact to only necessary cases. In ophthalmology, practice procedures are currently only limited to emergency procedures such as trauma and endophthalmitis. The state of affairs, as described in this review, is greatly reduced the number of patients seeking ophthalmology services. There are fewer patients making visits as a result of extreme caution on both their parts and the medics. Expectedly, many private practitioners are feeling the financial pinch, with as many as 90% of private practices seeking federal loans, among other initiatives to cushion their practices. Despite these efforts, the outlook is grim, with an estimated 6% of private practices expected to close, while those that pull through are predicted to be smaller in size and poor financial positions.","PeriodicalId":436259,"journal":{"name":"New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 16","volume":"64 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133877730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: An Approach to Boytchev Treatment","authors":"O. Benabdallah, A. Khamlichi","doi":"10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/13265d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nfmmr/v16/13265d","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Boytchev method, which has been used since 1951 to treat anterior glenohumeral instability, is an open anterior repair that entails rerouting the muscles that join the coracoid process deep to the subscapularis muscle between this and the capsule. In the anatomical position, the tip of the coracoid is reattached to its base by its muscles. \u0000Methods: We conducted a prospective study of twenty patients with recurrent shoulder dislocations who were treated by the Boytchev procedure. All are men, with an average age of 29.2 years (age range from 17 to 42 years). 14 patients were affected on the right shoulder, 6 on the left. All had a clinical history of recurrent dislocation. We also performed a search of all published articles in the literature (16),17 studies including our series, with the aim of estimating, via a statistical analysis, to shed light on the post-operative results of recurrent anterior dislocations of the shoulder, for determining the reliability of this technique and possible specific risk factors that might lead to recurrence. \u0000Results: Evaluated using the Rowe score in our series, 19 patients had excellent and good results; one patient, who suffered a recurrence, had a poor result in terms of stability. Another patient developed osteoarthrosis. For the 17 studies, the number of patients is 477 with 485 dislocated shoulders. The rate of recurrence is 7.33% .In 12 studies, the rate is 2%, versus 21.05% in 5 studies with a significant difference (1-p=99.89%). Concerning the gradation of results, we have 441 excellent and good results and 44 fair and poor (91% versus 9% with p=>99.9% which is also very significant). \u0000Conclusion: The Boytchev procedure exhibits low recurrence rates in compiled studies and so can be considered a reliable surgical technique.","PeriodicalId":436259,"journal":{"name":"New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 16","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133971989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}