Post-Medieval Archaeology最新文献

{"title":"Chinese ceramics at the “Hub of the World”","authors":"L. Pomper","doi":"10.1080/00794236.2022.2120722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2022.2120722","url":null,"abstract":"Encounters between Europeans and Americans opened a connection with the countries in Asia. Large amounts of silver from South America and Mexico were shipped to China to be exchanged for the porcelain, silk, and lacquer that were desired in Europe. The porcelain sherds found in the city of Panama confirm how global the trade was. This settlement was founded in 1519 on the Pacific side of the isthmus and played an important role in a complex trade route that facilitated the export of silver from the New World to the Old along with an influx of these goods from the Pacific maritime traffic. After an amalgamation process using mercury facilitating the extraction of silver was developed in the 1550’s, it was used at Potosi in present-day Bolivia. Beginning in 1572, New World silver production began to increase dramatically. Chinese mercury was imported into Latin America; demonstrating “clandestine shipping directly from Asia to Peru,” showing that “there was a high level of international connectedness.” Spanish trade in the Pacific began in the sixteenth century, when Ferdinand Magellan claimed the Philippine Islands for the Spanish Empire. The Philippines had a been a market for Chinese ceramics since the Tang dynasty (618-906) but after Spain established the trading post of Manila in the mid1500’s, Spanish traders quickly saw the opportunity to send Chinese porcelain to the Spanish colonies in the Americas. The first Spanish galleon crossed the Pacific from Manila to Acapulco, Mexico, in 1565, but large shipments of porcelain did not begin to arrive until 1573. Colonists from all over Latin America went to Acapulco to buy Asian goods. Porcelain was far superior to tin-glazed earthenware, such as maiolica, because it was hard, and the glaze and the body were fused together so that it would not crack or chip. Even the maiolica of the best quality might look attractive but could not endure frequent use or washing. The glaze and body could separate, leading to crazing or cracking. The advantages of porcelain were obvious, but Europeans could not make true porcelain until the Meissen factory at Dresden was started in the early 18 century. I have been studying the sherds found in Panama from the time I was first contacted by Beatriz Rovira, who was the chief archaeologist there and I have written several articles about the sherds. I also met with Dr. Felipe Gait an Ammann, who wrote a wonderful doctoral dissertation about the Genoese slave traders in Panama, which was then the “hub of the world.” The traders, Ambrosio Lomelin and Domingo Grillo, were given the contract in 1663 by Philip IV (r. 1621-65) of Spain to become the “first exclusive slave-trading concessionaire to operate directly from the Spanish Indies” and to negotiate directly with the English and the Dutch. Panama was one of the main commercial hubs in the Spanish Empire. Silver bullion was plentiful at Potosi, then in Peru, in present-day Bolivia. Panama was “a port of transit for all of ","PeriodicalId":43560,"journal":{"name":"Post-Medieval Archaeology","volume":"56 1","pages":"261 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48865231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timber and time: The Vyne roofs","authors":"Brigid Geist","doi":"10.1080/00794236.2022.2120720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2022.2120720","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY While the social and building history of the manor house known as The Vyne are well documented, much less is known about the historic roof structures, and the carpentry and construction techniques used there. Archaeological recording and analysis, including tree-ring dating, of the main areas of the roof complex revealed phases of development, together with features and construction techniques of particular interest. Elements of the early 16th-century roofs survive and demonstrate advances in building techniques and quality of materials. The reuse of early oak timber in later roofs contributes to our knowledge of the earlier buildings on the site and available timber resources.","PeriodicalId":43560,"journal":{"name":"Post-Medieval Archaeology","volume":"56 1","pages":"249 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43598870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Report of the Portable Antiquities Scheme 2020","authors":"Ian Richardson, Stuart Wyatt","doi":"10.1080/00794236.2022.2139516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2022.2139516","url":null,"abstract":"The work of the British Museum’s and National Museum Wales’ Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) has been highlighted in this journal since 2005 and an introduction to the organization and its work can be found in previous reports. In 2020 10,838 objects dating to the post-medieval and modern periods were recorded by the PAS in 8,384 records. This represents 22% of all objects recorded and 26% of all records created. Following the convention of earlier reports, the major functional categories (by numbers of objects recorded) were currency (coins and tokens) (40%), dress accessories (22%), trade equipment (8%), arms and armour (5%), entertainment and leisure (5%), household fittings (4%), vessels (4%), animal equipment (3%), and tools and utensils (2%). The number of recorded objects and records are fairly significantly lower than in recent years because of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The vast majority of finds recorded with the PAS are made through metal-detecting (89% of all finds in 2020), an activity which was restricted and virtually banned during the several periods of national lockdown in England and Wales. Moreover, from March 2020 most Finds Liaison Officers (FLO) and their volunteers, who create the lions’ share of PAS database records, were working from home and had little or no opportunity to meet finders in person. In the circumstances it is remarkable that so many objects were recorded. In the year 2000, post-medieval objects and coins comprised 25.25% of all Treasure finds (see Treasure Annual Report 2000), while in 2020 preliminary statistics show they comprised 36.77% of all Treasure finds. In addition to the global COVID-19 crisis, another major theme in 2020 was the growing awareness of entrenched and sometimes unconscious bias against ethnic minorities in Western democracies. This was brought to a head by the shocking murder of George Floyd in the United States and the subsequent protests and demonstrations organised by groups like Black Lives Matter. It caused many institutions, including the PAS, to reflect on issues of diversity and awareness, in terms of the makeup of its staff and the audience it engages with, and also in the language and content of its online records. The PAS now has a Diversity Working Group which seeks to address these issues. The following are a small selection of post-medieval finds discovered in 2020 and recorded with the PAS.","PeriodicalId":43560,"journal":{"name":"Post-Medieval Archaeology","volume":"56 1","pages":"215 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45683536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whitfield’s gun shop: contents of a 19th-century gunsmith’s shop","authors":"E. Harris, Daniel J. Leahy","doi":"10.1080/00794236.2022.2120714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2022.2120714","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY On 7 November 1864, George Whitfield, Australia’s most prominent gunsmith, was shot and killed in front of his King Street shop in Sydney by his competitor, Patrick McGlinn. Whitfield’s goods-in-trade were auctioned off and the remaining contents of the gun shop were discarded down an abandoned stone-lined well at the back of the property, which was excavated in 2010. The gun parts, ammunition and tools recovered from the well present a picture of a gunsmith’s workshop in colonial New South Wales. This artefact collection represents one of the first archaeological investigations of the gunsmithing trade in Australia.","PeriodicalId":43560,"journal":{"name":"Post-Medieval Archaeology","volume":"56 1","pages":"151 - 162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47133229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monstrous things: horror, othering, and the Anthropocene","authors":"Geneviève Godin","doi":"10.1080/00794236.2022.2120709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2022.2120709","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY This article approaches the masses of discarded things washed ashore and roaming waterways as the new monsters of the Anthropocene. It explores the ways in which monstrosity and archaeology intersect, and how the genre of horror simultaneously emerges from and informs the current epoch. As they embark on their post-abandonment journey, things’ immense scale, spread, and refusal to serve as proxies for human narratives result in the impossibility of fully grasping and making sense of them. Combining archaeological approaches and queer theory, this article attempts to get to the heart of the inevitable, complex entanglements between people and monstrous Others.","PeriodicalId":43560,"journal":{"name":"Post-Medieval Archaeology","volume":"56 1","pages":"116 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47309731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Around the hut’: an archaeological ethnography around the experimental construction of a shepherd’s hut in Konitsa, north-west Greece","authors":"Faidon Moudopoulos-Athanasiou, Traianos Bokas, Antonija Mikulić, Petya Dimitrova, Kristiyan Karaivanov, Anica Tubanović, İrem Sayılgan, Konstantina Papadopoulou, A. Banu","doi":"10.1080/00794236.2022.2120708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2022.2120708","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY This article reflects on the experimental building of a Vlach hut that took place in the 14th Summer School of the Balkan Border Crossings Network. The approach took the form of an archaeological ethnography and addressed a variety of subjects from ethnographic and experimental fieldworkto videography and critical heritage, all emerging from the same point: thebuilding of a shepherd’s roundhut in the plain of Konitsa. From interdisciplinary methodological encounters to reflections on pastoral identities, legislation and its effects on this built pastoral heritage, as well as fieldwork reflections, while experiencing and experimenting, this article reveals potential avenues for interdisciplinary engagement in contexts such as Summer Schools.","PeriodicalId":43560,"journal":{"name":"Post-Medieval Archaeology","volume":"56 1","pages":"97 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41580166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridewell Revisited: Finds From A Lost Palace","authors":"D. Killock, M. Gaimster, K. Hayward, C. Jarrett, Sophie White","doi":"10.1080/00794236.2022.2120716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2022.2120716","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The location and layout of Bridewell Palace, Henry VIII’s first major building project, have previously been documented through both historical research and archaeological excavation, though the latter has been extremely limited when compared to the extent of the palace complex. This article deals with the discovery of building remains that apparently formed part of the palace but are located beyond the generally accepted bounds of the precinct. Apart from the structural remains the excavation at Dorset Rise also recorded a remarkable assemblage of animal bone that probably derived from the king’s lavish kitchen. Finds analysis provides a more detailed picture of everyday life in the palace than previous excavations at Bridewell which focused heavily on the structure of the building.","PeriodicalId":43560,"journal":{"name":"Post-Medieval Archaeology","volume":"56 1","pages":"163 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44223370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sugar refining at Plymouth: archaeological excavations at the Boatyard, Sutton Harbour","authors":"A. Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1080/00794236.2022.2120712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2022.2120712","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY An excavation on the eastern side of Sutton Harbour, Plymouth, uncovered the remains of a sugar house and related buildings. Documentary evidence confirms that the sugar house was built anew around the middle of the 17th century and remained active for at least a century, being out of use by 1754. The excavation has produced a large assemblage of ceramics used in the refining of sugar, but very little of it is of local manufacture. Once the sugar house ceased functioning, the ceramics were discarded on site and used to infill structures and build new surfaces. The assemblage includes ceramic forms not previously catalogued in sugar-refining before.","PeriodicalId":43560,"journal":{"name":"Post-Medieval Archaeology","volume":"56 1","pages":"127 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45940236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metals, mines and moorland: the changing lead mining landscapes of the North Pennines, UK, 1700-1948","authors":"M. Kincey, Christopher D. Gerrard, J. Warburton","doi":"10.1080/00794236.2022.2058221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2022.2058221","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Intensive metal mining considerably altered many British upland landscapes between the 18th and 20th centuries, modifying both subterranean and surface environments and fundamentally changing the character of local settlements, infrastructure and society. However, our understanding of the landscape-scale patterns of development through time in mining districts is still limited. In this study, we take an interdisciplinary approach to understand the historical development of the mining industry within a nearly 200 km2 area of the North Pennines, UK. Our approach combines documentary and cartographic records, archaeological mapping, and geomorphological analysis of changes to the physical environment. We demonstrate pronounced spatio-temporal variability in the intensity of mining and the nature of associated landscape impacts. Production time series data indicate a widespread intensification of operations during the 18th century, with archaeological evidence suggesting that the environmentally destructive practice of hushing, a hydraulic mining technique, was also widespread during this period. The scale of ore production from subterranean mines increased considerably throughout the mid-19th century, before a rapid decline from the late 1800s onwards. The influence of large mining corporations reached into all aspects of the local economy and society; altering the settlement patterns, infrastructure and demographics of the area and shaping the finances, health and wellbeing of the miners and their families. The environmental and societal changes that accompanied the mining industry were profound, resulting in mining districts with a distinctive landscape character and legacy that persist to the present day.","PeriodicalId":43560,"journal":{"name":"Post-Medieval Archaeology","volume":"56 1","pages":"1 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45038749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matters of the heart: depictions of the heart and the archaeology of emotion, c. 1400–1700.","authors":"S. Hannesdóttir","doi":"10.1080/00794236.2022.2055316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2022.2055316","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY This paper presents a case study of finger rings and pendants from England and Wales from the period 1400–1700, which have been recorded with the Portable Antiquities Scheme, and that feature the shape of the heart or inscriptions of the word ‘heart’. The paper explores how these objects can inform us about the embodied experience, perception and expression of love and other emotions in the period in question, and how this reflects contemporary medical and popular ideas held about the heart. It also discusses more generally how objects actively communicated and invoked emotion.","PeriodicalId":43560,"journal":{"name":"Post-Medieval Archaeology","volume":"56 1","pages":"68 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48719416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}