Criminologie最新文献

{"title":"Agression sexuelle et violence dans les relations amoureuses : Le rôle médiateur du stress post-traumatique.","authors":"Martine Hébert, Marie-Ève Daspe, Martin Blais, Francine Lavoie, Mireille Guerrier","doi":"10.7202/1039800ar","DOIUrl":"10.7202/1039800ar","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper explores the mediating role of post-traumatic stress symptoms in the association between sexual abuse and different forms of victimization in dating relationships. The study is based on the Quebec Youth Romantic Relationships Survey, a survey that explores victimization experiences, including childhood sexual abuse, and any emotional, physical, and sexual dating violence in the past 12 months. The sample involved 8,194 students at 34 secondary schools in Quebec. Post-traumatic stress symptoms were evaluated by means of the UCLA PTSD Index. 15 % of girls and 4 % of boys reported a history of child sexual abuse. Path analyses suggest that sexual abuse is positively associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms, which in turn are associated with psychological, physical, and sexual victimization of dating partners. The study has significant implications for prevention of and intervention in dating violence involving victims of sexual abuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":43509,"journal":{"name":"Criminologie","volume":"50 1","pages":"157-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5758334/pdf/nihms6809.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35725877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sense of guilt in sexually abused children : Mediating role of avoidance coping on anxiety and self-esteem].","authors":"Amélie Gauthier-Duchesne,&nbsp;Martine Hébert,&nbsp;Marie-Ève Daspe","doi":"10.7202/1039801ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1039801ar","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prior studies have suggested self-blame and sense of guilt as important elements associated with the effects of childhood sexual abuse on adult survivors (Cantón-Cortés, Cantón, Justicia & Cortés, 2011). However, few studies have explored the potential impact of the sense of guilt on outcomes in child victims. This study examines the mediating role of avoidance coping on the relationship between sense of guilt and outcomes (anxiety and self-esteem) in sexually abused children. The sample consisted of 447 sexually abused children (319 girls and 128 boys) aged 6 to 12. Path analysis indicated that children with higher feelings of guilt about the abuse showed more anxiety and lower levels of self-esteem. Indirect effects also indicated that sense of guilt predicted avoidance coping, which in turn contributed to higher anxiety and lower self-esteem. This model, which fits the data well for both girls and boys, explains 24.4 % of the variance in anxiety and 11.2 % of the variance in self-esteem. Results suggest that sense of guilt is an important target for clinical intervention with sexually abused children.</p>","PeriodicalId":43509,"journal":{"name":"Criminologie","volume":"50 1","pages":"181-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7202/1039801ar","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35833715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quand la réadaptation blesse? Éducateurs victimes de violence.","authors":"Steve Geoffrion,&nbsp;Frédéric Ouellet","doi":"10.7202/1020996ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1020996ar","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study is to understand violence directed against behaviour technicians in juvenile rehabilitation centres. The findings are based on a survey conducted among 586 educators working in one of ten youth centres across Quebec. In this article we will first assess the occurrence of violent acts. Then, we will examine individual and contextual factors that predict physical aggression. More than half (53.9 %) of the educators surveyed reported to have been physically assaulted at least once in the past year. Regarding individual factors, being affected by the exposure to aggressive behaviours and the frequency of psychological aggression increase the risk of victimization. With respect to situational factors, the age of the clientele and the legal basis for placement (i.e. civil or criminal) influence the occurrence of violent acts towards staff members. Our analyses also show that physical violence not only affects staff members but also the institution. The identification of predictors of violence can guide prevention programs in youth centres. Moreover, they can help target behaviour technicians who are at risk of being assaulted in order to prevent their victimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":43509,"journal":{"name":"Criminologie","volume":"46 2","pages":"263-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7202/1020996ar","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32466150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confinés en prison : l’expérience carcérale au temps de la COVID-19","authors":"L. Mahi, Léo Farcy-Callon, V. Rubio","doi":"10.7202/1093864ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1093864ar","url":null,"abstract":"Durant la pandémie de COVID-19, des mesures exceptionnelles restreignant les libertés ont été appliquées avec pour mot d'ordre : « Restez chez vous! » Si la prison est devenue métaphore du confinement, peu de choses sont connues sur la façon dont la période a été vécue par les personnes détenues. À partir d'une enquête sociologique réalisée dans cinq prisons françaises durant la pandémie (2020-2021), associant observations et entretiens, cet article interroge les effets des politiques de confinement sur l'expérience carcérale. Nous montrons que l'altération ou la suspension des principales « activités » dans lesquelles les détenus sont tenus de s'impliquer durant l'incarcération (l'école et la formation professionnelle, le travail, les soins), et dont l'engagement est récompensé en temps ordinaire par des réductions et des aménagements de peine, a exacerbé l'un des paradoxes majeurs d'une institution enjoignant son public à l'« activité » tout en le contraignant à l'immobilité. Nous soutenons qu'au-delà d'un quotidien bouleversé, c'est le sens même de la peine de prison, construite autour du thème de la « réinsertion », qui a été troublé dans une institution à l'arrêt et une société confinée.Alternate :During the COVID-19 pandemic, exceptional measures that restricted freedoms were applied using the motto : \"Stay home! \" If the prison became a metaphor for confinement, little is known about how this period was experienced by actual detainees. Based on an ethnographic field study conducted in five French prisons during the pandemic in 2020 and 2021, and combining observations and interviews, the present article questions the impacts of confinement policies on the penitentiary experience. We show that the alteration or suspension of the major activities that inmates are required to partake in during their time in prison (school and training, work, healthcare)–and whose commitment is rewarded in ordinary times by sentence reductions and accommodations–has exacerbated one of the main paradoxes of an institution that pushes its population towards \"activity,\" while forcing them into immobility. We suggest that it is the very meaning of the prison sentence, built around the theme of \"reintegration,\" which has been disturbed in the context of a standstill institution and a confined society.Alternate :Durante la pandemia de Covid-19, se aplicaron medidas excepcionales de restricción de libertad, bajo el lema de « ¡Quedaos en casa! ». Si la cárcel se volvió una metáfora del confinamiento, poco se sabe sobre cómo las personas detenidas vivieron dicho periodo. Partiendo de una investigación sociológica llevada a cabo en cinco cárceles francesas durante la pandemia (2020-2021), asociando observaciones y entrevistas, este artículo se interesa por los efectos de las políticas de confinamiento sobre la experiencia carcelaria Los autores muestran que la alteración o la suspensión de las principales « actividades » en las que los detenidos pueden implicarse durant","PeriodicalId":43509,"journal":{"name":"Criminologie","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71253600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}