{"title":"Contribution to applications of EBW in instrument techniques","authors":"M. Hrabovsky","doi":"10.1117/12.353097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.353097","url":null,"abstract":"The electron beam welding belongs to so-called physical methods of welding and it is utilized to welding of most materials, that can be arc welded. It is of use there, where one taxing welding technics and structure technologyableless heavily. As a rule, the quality of weld is better than at most first-rate welds being done by inert gas shielded arc welding (WIG, Argoarc). In plant instrumentation, where the limitation of any welded material distortion is of extraordinary importance, this way of welding is significant at welding of thermal-treated Cu-Be alloys, used in measurement technics, structural members from Ti alloys and stainless steels in branches of biomedicine and cryotechnics. This technology positives, especially high weld purity, narrow and deep root penetration, high welding rate, together with low energy consumption, lead to applications and verification of optimum operating mode at welding of frequent materials. In the contribution the results of this proofs of selected welded materials from viewpoint of weld quality, their physical-mechanic properties and microhardness, are presented.","PeriodicalId":434989,"journal":{"name":"Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121566350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantum statistics of light in Raman scattering and Brillouin couplers with losses","authors":"J. Fiurášek, J. Peřina","doi":"10.1117/12.353055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.353055","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum statistical properties of light in nonlinear coupler in which Raman or Brillouin scattering are in operation are investigated. Main attention is given to possibility of generation of nonclassical states of light. Phase mismatches and losses are included and their influence is discussed. The second part of the paper is devoted to analysis of stationary point. Coherent pumping of optical modes is assumed and stationary solution for c-number amplitudes is found and small linear operator corrections are calculated. Stability of the stationary point is discussed and it is shown that phase uncertainty induces instability.","PeriodicalId":434989,"journal":{"name":"Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122104985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photoelastic measurements based on a phase-stepping imaging polarimetry technique","authors":"J. Jaronski, H. Kasprzak","doi":"10.1117/12.353084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.353084","url":null,"abstract":"In last years many algorithms and techniques based on whole field polarimetry has been presented. Most of them could be applied in photoelasticity. In this paper we propose a method supported with digital image processing that makes the evaluation of photoelastic patterns simpler. The phase retardation and the azimuth angle induced by photoelastic sample were measured using phase stepping imaging polarimetry technique. Some approaches taken from phase stepping technique were used to minimize number of data needed to calculate two maps of the phase retardation and the azimuth angle. In contrary to other methods this technique offers simple setup, few moving parts and fast acquisition of data. The theory and experimental results are included in the paper.","PeriodicalId":434989,"journal":{"name":"Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115228662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Testing a form of a pump blade by optical moire topography","authors":"M. Hrabovsky, J. Keprt, L. Bartoněk","doi":"10.1117/12.353054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.353054","url":null,"abstract":"To study a form of a space object of large dimensions and depth, the optical moire topography can be used as one of the advisable non-contact measuring methods. The moire pattern can be realized by projection of a grating from two directions on a studied object. The resulting moire pattern is a contour line system showing equal depth from any fundamental plane, if the light sources lie on a plane parallel to this fundamental plane. CCD video camera provided with a special video-signal-filtering unit was used to improve moire-topographical image. This better visualization of moire pattern enables adjustment of the TV signal for its direct computer processing. Obtained contour line system can be considered as a map describing in high precision the space form of a testing object.","PeriodicalId":434989,"journal":{"name":"Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123519846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of distributed feedback dye laser operation","authors":"V. Mesároš, J. Kaluzay, A. Štrba, D. Senderáková","doi":"10.1117/12.353067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.353067","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of a pumping beam parameters of a dye DFB laser, such as polarization, angle of incidence, and intensity distribution, on a dynamic thermal grating quality had been analyzed. The attention had been focused on a DFB laser, in which a prism is used to accomplish interference in a pumping beam. To determine either intensity distribution or contrast of a dynamic thermal grating, Fresnel relations had been used. Three various kinds of a prism had been analyzed. The results achieved enables us to equalize conditions of generation at various wavelengths.","PeriodicalId":434989,"journal":{"name":"Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133308214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Collimation of diode laser beams with a single holographic diffractive element","authors":"M. Miler, I. Koudela, I. Aubrecht","doi":"10.1117/12.353057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.353057","url":null,"abstract":"Holographic diffractive optical elements collimating highly divergent, elliptical and astigmatic edge emitted diode laser beams are analyzed. Elements are recorded using only divergent beams with spherical wavefronts while off-axis astigmatism and coma of the holographic recording arrangement are compensated in a narrow beam approximation. Because of the very asymmetrical recording setup, significant blazing properties are present. Two types of the collimators are proposed: one for obliquely and the other for perpendicularly incident laser beam. Astigmatic properties of the output beams were measured in the reverse setup, i.e. when the collimated laser beams impinge on elements from their back side. Comparison of the advantages and drawbacks of both arrangements is presented.","PeriodicalId":434989,"journal":{"name":"Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133658886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of diffraction processes in gratings","authors":"P. Fiala, I. Richter, Z. Ryzi","doi":"10.1117/12.353051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.353051","url":null,"abstract":"This paper concentrates on theoretical studies of diffraction process in periodic diffractive structures-- gratings. Its contribution can be seen on several levels: it reviews the terminology and different approaches of diffraction methods, presents a new form of diffraction process characterization (described by the diffraction efficiency), and discusses five regions with typical diffraction regimes. In more detail, this contribution analyses the mechanisms during the diffraction process in terms of phase synchronisms, and distinguishes between angular, transversal and Bragg (volume) phase synchronisms. Using such terminology, diffraction regions are discussed in more detail. The case of Bragg diffraction is treated by both an approximate (Kogelnik's method) and a rigorous method (rigorous coupled-wave analysis-RCWA), and these two methods are compared. Properties of high-spatial frequency gratings are summarized, and resonant regions, characterized by strong resonant processes, are introduced. Finally, three different methods for the analysis of diffraction gratings are reviewed: RCWA, Kogelnik's approximate method, and approximate methods of transmittance function. The review of basic transmittance methods is made (primitive, modified), and a different approach (TCWA-transmittance coupled-wave analysis) is presented.","PeriodicalId":434989,"journal":{"name":"Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121111203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of amplitude changes of monochromatic scattered light to investigation of dust grain composition","authors":"J. Kirkiewicz, J. Chrzanowski","doi":"10.1117/12.353081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.353081","url":null,"abstract":"The light beam crossing the dust area meets with the loss of energy. We know by experience that the scattering indikatrix depends on the size of the dust particles. The measurement of the light energy scattered into given solid angle enables to identify and specification of the grain composition of the dust particles. Basis on the research a special head has been made to step change of the location of the photodetectors and in result to measure a specific or even desirable dust fraction for the sake of technology. In this paper the graphs of the grain dust distribution are presented with regard to the materials which are transported most frequently by Polish merchant marine.","PeriodicalId":434989,"journal":{"name":"Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124893825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spectral interferometry and its applications in classical optics","authors":"P. Hlubina","doi":"10.1117/12.353050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.353050","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to review our recent experimental studies on the spectral interference between two beams at the output of a Michelson interferometer and between two modes at the output of an optical fiber. The paper starts with important theoretical part in which fundamentals of the time-domain and the spectral-domain optical interferometry are applied to the two-beam and the two-mode interference experiments and then some important results of our recent experimental studies are presented. It is successfully demonstrated that the interference effects of optical beams or optical modes occur no matter how long or short the optical path difference (OPD) between beams or modes may be, so that the effect is reproduced as a periodic spatial variation when the OPD between beams or modes is shorter than the source coherence length, and as a spectral variation when the OPD between beams or modes is greater than the source coherence length. Moreover, it is successfully demonstrated that the spectral interference is resolved for both multimode and singlemode low-coherence sources. The aim of the paper is also to address some important applications of the two-beam and the two-mode spectral interferometry, including for example dispersion measurements.","PeriodicalId":434989,"journal":{"name":"Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129118187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of optical and nonoptical methods for measuring surface roughness","authors":"I. Ohlídal, M. Ohlídal, D. Franta, Miroslav Tykal","doi":"10.1117/12.353100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.353100","url":null,"abstract":"The values of the basic characteristics of surface roughness measured by means of optical and non-optical methods often differ mutually. So far a systematic comparison of the results obtained by those methods has not been done. The results we have achieved comparing optical and non-optical methods of the surface roughness measurement for selected samples of rough surfaces and for selected methods are presented.","PeriodicalId":434989,"journal":{"name":"Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128212669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}