AIMS Genetics最新文献

Evidence for novel epigenetic marks within plants. 植物中新表观遗传标记的证据。

AIMS Genetics Pub Date : 2019-12-24 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2019.4.70

Asaad M Mahmood, Jim M Dunwell

{"title":"Evidence for novel epigenetic marks within plants.","authors":"Asaad M Mahmood, Jim M Dunwell","doi":"10.3934/genet.2019.4.70","DOIUrl":"10.3934/genet.2019.4.70","url":null,"abstract":"Variation in patterns of gene expression can result from modifications in the genome that occur without a change in the sequence of the DNA; such modifications include methylation of cytosine to generate 5-methylcytosine (5mC) resulting in the generation of heritable epimutation and novel epialleles. This type of non-sequence variation is called epigenetics. The enzymes responsible for generation of such DNA modifications in mammals are named DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) including DNMT1, DNMT2 and DNMT3. The later stages of oxidations to these modifications are catalyzed by Ten Eleven Translocation (TET) proteins, which contain catalytic domains belonging to the 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenase family. In various mammalian cells/tissues including embryonic stem cells, cancer cells and brain tissues, it has been confirmed that these proteins are able to induce the stepwise oxidization of 5-methyl cytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and finally 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Each stage from initial methylation until the end of the DNA demethylation process is considered as a specific epigenetic mark that may regulate gene expression. This review discusses controversial evidence for the presence of such oxidative products, particularly 5hmC, in various plant species. Whereas some reports suggest no evidence for enzymatic DNA demethylation, other reports suggest that the presence of oxidative products is followed by the active demethylation and indicate the contribution of possible TET-like proteins in the regulation of gene expression in plants. The review also summarizes the results obtained by expressing the human TET conserved catalytic domain in transgenic plants.","PeriodicalId":43477,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6949463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37529653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

The roles of genes in the bitter taste. 基因在苦味中的作用。

AIMS Genetics Pub Date : 2019-12-24 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2019.4.88

Harem Othman Smail

{"title":"The roles of genes in the bitter taste.","authors":"Harem Othman Smail","doi":"10.3934/genet.2019.4.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/genet.2019.4.88","url":null,"abstract":"The aims of this review were to understand the roles of bitter taste genes in humans. Some of the peoples have the capacity to taste some chemical substance such as phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) while others cant not based on the dietary hazards and food preferences. There are two alleles responsible to express these phenotypes which are homozygous recessive. In human TAS2R38 genes located on the chromosome number 7 and consist of different nucleotide polymorphism that related to detection of the phenotype of different chemical compounds such as 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) and phenylthiocarbamide bitterness and this Gene is the member of the TAS2R genes which are eleven pseudogenes and twenty that has roles in many biological processes. There are many factors that affect the bitter taste such as food, age, sex, and different diseases. The mechanism of food bitter taste and genotype of TAS2R38 until know not well understood due to that the proof of relation between bitter taste sensitivity and food is harmful. there are many different diseases can impact the influence of taste such as neoplasm and lifestyle such as consumption of alcohol along with the use of medication, head trauma, upper tract infections. On the other hand, A relation between TAS2R38 genotype and meal preferences has been observed among children, however, no associations have been mentioned among older adults. Some previous research proved some vital points that show an association between type 1 of diabetes and phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) but other studies cannot demonstrate that. However, of other disease such as obesity is controversial but other studies reported to the relationship between them.","PeriodicalId":43477,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6949464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37529654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

A robust circular RNA-based prognostic signature for postoperative recurrence in stage II/III colon cancer. 基于环状rna的II/III期结肠癌术后复发的可靠预后特征

AIMS Genetics Pub Date : 2019-09-30 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2019.4.67

Ji Ruan

引用次数: 3

Re-engineering anti-CTLA-4 antibodies for enhancing cancer immunotherapy efficacy and safety 重组抗ctla -4抗体，提高肿瘤免疫治疗的有效性和安全性

AIMS Genetics Pub Date : 2019-09-18 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2019.3.64

Sharvesh Raj Seeruttun

引用次数: 0

PDE4B gene polymorphism in Russian patients with panic disorder 俄罗斯惊恐障碍患者PDE4B基因多态性研究

AIMS Genetics Pub Date : 2019-08-20 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2019.3.55

A. Malakhova, O. Rudko, V. Sobolev, A. Tretiakov, Elena A Naumova, Z. Kokaeva, J. Azimova, E. Klimov

{"title":"PDE4B gene polymorphism in Russian patients with panic disorder","authors":"A. Malakhova, O. Rudko, V. Sobolev, A. Tretiakov, Elena A Naumova, Z. Kokaeva, J. Azimova, E. Klimov","doi":"10.3934/genet.2019.3.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/genet.2019.3.55","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Panic disorder is a complex disease of unclear etiology but with an apparent genetic component. PDE4B gene product is involved in many cell processes owing to its function-regulation of the level of a second messenger cAMP. PDE4B gene polymorphism has been shown to be associated with some mental disorders including panic disorder. Aims The goal of our study was to evaluate the role of 3 SNPs in the PDE4B gene in the development of panic disorder. Methods 94 patients diagnosed with panic disorder according to the DSM-IV criteria were enrolled in the study. The population control group included 192 subjects. Genotyping was carried out by real-time PCR with TaqMan probes. Results The investigated substitutions are not associated with panic disorder in general and in female/male cohorts (p > 0.05). The analysis of complex genotypes demonstrated two protective complex genotypes (rs1040716:A, T + rs10454453:A + rs502958:A and rs1040716:A, T + rs502958:A) associated with panic disorder in general regardless of the patient's gender (p < 0.05). These genotypes did not correlate with the patient's sex. Conclusions We found two complex protective genotypes associated with panic disorder. This can be due to the fact that predisposition to the disease are associated with other genes, while PDE4B gene polymorphism reduces their effect.","PeriodicalId":43477,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45761554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Molecular characterization of the netrin-1 UNC-5 receptor in Lucilia sericata larvae 丝光绿蝇幼虫netrin-1 UNC-5受体的分子特征

AIMS Genetics Pub Date : 2019-08-02 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2019.3.46

Tahereh Karamzadeh, H. Alipour, Marziae Shahriari-Namadi, A. Raz, K. Azizi, M. Bagheri, M. Moemenbellah-Fard

{"title":"Molecular characterization of the netrin-1 UNC-5 receptor in Lucilia sericata larvae","authors":"Tahereh Karamzadeh, H. Alipour, Marziae Shahriari-Namadi, A. Raz, K. Azizi, M. Bagheri, M. Moemenbellah-Fard","doi":"10.3934/genet.2019.3.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/genet.2019.3.46","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Larval therapy with Lucilia sericata is a promising strategy in wound healing. Axon guidance molecules play vital roles during the development of the nervous system and also regulate the capacity of neuronal restoration in wound healing. Netrin-1, one of the proteins that larvae secrete, plays a useful role in cell migration and nerve tissue regeneration. The UNC-5 receptor combines with a netrin-1 signal and transmits the signal from one side of the membrane to the other side, initiating a change in cell activity. In the current study, we identified the full length of the UNC-5 receptor mRNA in L. sericata using different sets of primers, including exon junction and specific region primers. The coding sequence (CDS) of the UNC-5 receptor was sequenced and identified to include 633 base-pair nucleic acids, and BLAST analysis on its nucleotide sequence revealed 96% identity with the Lucilia cuprina netrin-1 UNC-5 receptor. The protein residue included 210 amino acids (aa) and coded for a protein with 24 kD weight. This gene lacked the signal peptide. Furthermore, the UPA domain is conserved in UNC-5. It lied at the interval of 26–131 aa. We identified the CDS of netrin-1 UNC-5 receptor in L. sericata. It could be applied to research activities implementing a new essential component design in wound healing.","PeriodicalId":43477,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45231383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The epigenetics of diabetes, obesity, overweight and cardiovascular disease. 糖尿病、肥胖症、超重和心血管疾病的表观遗传学。

AIMS Genetics Pub Date : 2019-08-01 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2019.3.36

Harem Othman Smail

{"title":"The epigenetics of diabetes, obesity, overweight and cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Harem Othman Smail","doi":"10.3934/genet.2019.3.36","DOIUrl":"10.3934/genet.2019.3.36","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this review were once to understand the roles of the epigenetics mechanism in different types of diabetes, obesity, overweight, and cardiovascular disease. Epigenetics represents a phenomenon of change heritable phenotypic expression of genetic records taking place except changes in DNA sequence. Epigenetic modifications can have an impact on a whole of metabolic disease with the aid of specific alteration of candidate genes based totally on the change of the target genes. In this review, I summarized the new findings in DNA methylation, histone modifications in each type of diabetes (type 1 and type 2), obesity, overweight, and cardiovascular disease. The involvement of histone alterations and DNA methylation in the development of metabolic diseases is now widely accepted recently many novel genes have been demonstrated that has roles in diabetes pathway and it can be used for detection prediabetic; however Over the modern-day years, mass spectrometry-based proteomics techniques positioned and mapped one-of a kind range of histone modifications linking obesity and metabolic diseases. The main point of these changes is rapidly growing; however, their points and roles in obesity are no longer properly understood in obesity. Furthermore, epigenetic seen in cardiovascular treatment revealed a massive quantity of modifications affecting the improvement and development of cardiovascular disease. In addition, epigenetics are moreover involved in cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking. The aberrant epigenetic mechanisms that make a contribution to cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":43477,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6803788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41215476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histone glycation: Linking metabolic perturbation with epigenetic misregulation in cancer 组蛋白糖化:癌症中代谢扰动与表观遗传失调的联系

AIMS Genetics Pub Date : 2019-05-31 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2019.2.14

Xiayao Diao

引用次数: 6

Physiological responses and transcriptome analysis of the Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. to seedling drought stress 匍匐木的生理反应和转录组分析。对幼苗干旱胁迫

AIMS Genetics Pub Date : 2019-05-31 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2019.2.17

Xiaojuan Wang, Jianghong Wu, Zhongren Yang, Fenglan Zhang, Hailian Sun, Xiao Qiu, Fengyan Yi, Ding Yang, Fengling Shi

{"title":"Physiological responses and transcriptome analysis of the Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. to seedling drought stress","authors":"Xiaojuan Wang, Jianghong Wu, Zhongren Yang, Fenglan Zhang, Hailian Sun, Xiao Qiu, Fengyan Yi, Ding Yang, Fengling Shi","doi":"10.3934/genet.2019.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/genet.2019.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Kochia prostrata is a good forage plant, which has important economic and ecological value in arid and semi-arid regions of China. Drought is one of the main factors affecting its productivity. At present, there are few studies on the mechanism of drought resistance. In order to reveal the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes, stomatal structure and gene expression profiles of Kochia prostrata under drought treatment, the classical determination method and high-throughput Illumina Hiseq sequencing platform were applied to the control group (CK) and drought treatment group of Kochia prostrata. The results showed that under the condition of moderate to mild drought stress, the SOD activity reached the maximum value of 350.68 U/g min on the 5th day of stress, and under the condition of severe drought stress, the SOD activity reached the maximum on the 2nd day of stress. The accumulation of Proline remained at a high level on the 5th day of stress, and there was at least one epidermal cell interval between the two adult stomatal of the leaf epidermis, so that the evaporation shell of each stomatal did not overlap, it ensures the efficient gas exchange of the stomatal, indicating that the Kochia prostrata has strong drought resistance. A total of 1,177.46 M reads were obtained by sequencing, with a total of 352.25 Gbp data and Q30 of 85%. In the differential gene annotation to the biological process (BP), a total of 261 GO terms were enriched in the up-regulated genes, and a total of 231 GO terms were enriched in the down-regulated genes. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained in 27 KEGG metabolic pathways, which laid a foundation for revealing the molecular mechanism of drought tolerance.","PeriodicalId":43477,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Genetics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3934/genet.2019.2.17","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45277183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Linking metabolic and epigenetic regulation in the development of lung cancer driven by TGFβ signaling TGFβ信号驱动肺癌发展的代谢和表观遗传调控

AIMS Genetics Pub Date : 2019-05-31 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2019.2.11

Liyi Zhang

引用次数: 1