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La ciberseguridad en la era de hipercompetitividad: ¿puede la Union Europea afrontar los nuevos retos? 超级竞争时代的网络安全:欧盟能应对新的挑战吗?
IF 0.8
Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.69
Malthe Munkøe, Holger Mölder
{"title":"La ciberseguridad en la era de hipercompetitividad: ¿puede la Union Europea afrontar los nuevos retos?","authors":"Malthe Munkøe, Holger Mölder","doi":"10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.69","url":null,"abstract":"En su discurso de 2021 sobre el estado de la Unión, la presidenta de la Comisión Europea, Ursula von der Leyen, recalcó la necesidad de mejorar la ciberseguridad de la UE. El panorama de las amenazas es diverso y cambiante: desinformación y noticias falsas, ataques informáticos contra infraestructuras gubernamentales, injerencia en elecciones de terceros países, etc. Ante ello, en diciembre de 2020, la UE dio a conocer una nueva Estrategia de Ciberseguridad que incluye iniciativas legislativas e institucionales: desde la revisión de la Directiva NIS –la primera legislación sobre ciberseguridad de la UE– hasta el establecimiento de un ciberescudo para identificar los ataques cibernéticos a gran escala. Para ser efectiva en este campo, en que participan una multitud de actores, la UE deberá garantizar la cooperación y el intercambio de información de forma sólida, tanto a escala nacional como europea, así como con la OTAN.","PeriodicalId":43375,"journal":{"name":"Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47210619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
La estrategia de las instituciones de la Unión Europea ante el reto de digitalización 欧盟机构应对数字化挑战的战略
IF 0.8
Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.24241/rcai.2022.131.17
David Ramiro Troitiño
{"title":"La estrategia de las instituciones de la Unión Europea ante el reto de digitalización","authors":"David Ramiro Troitiño","doi":"10.24241/rcai.2022.131.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24241/rcai.2022.131.17","url":null,"abstract":"Las instituciones de la Unión Europea (UE) –lideradas por la Comisión, el Parlamento y el Consejo Europeo y el Consejo de la UE– están decididas a lograr que esta sea la «década digital» de la Unión. Es el momento de Europa para consolidar su desarrollo digital y establecer las normas de acuerdo con sus principios morales y culturales, en lugar de seguir los de otros agentes externos, como China o Estados Unidos, y centrarse claramente en los datos, la tecnología y las infraestructuras. Este artículo examina el desarrollo digital de la UE desde la perspectiva y posición de las instituciones citadas que, dentro de un marco común, presentan divergencias. Y ello desde una visión crítica, a partir de tres corrientes teóricas (neofuncionalismo, federalismo e intergubernamentalismo), para analizar el impacto (positivo y/o negativo) de las acciones al respecto de las instituciones europeas en la ciudadanía europea.","PeriodicalId":43375,"journal":{"name":"Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49387693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
El Parlamento Europeo como tribuna moral internacional: el caso de Venezuela 欧洲议会作为国际道德论坛：委内瑞拉的案例
IF 0.8
Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.185
Paula Lamoso González, S. Stavridis
{"title":"El Parlamento Europeo como tribuna moral internacional: el caso de Venezuela","authors":"Paula Lamoso González, S. Stavridis","doi":"10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.185","url":null,"abstract":"Uno de los objetivos principales de la diplomacia parlamentaria del Parlamento Europeo (PE) es velar por la democracia y los derechos humanos en el mundo. El caso de Venezuela es paradigmático, especialmente desde la llegada al poder de Nicolás Maduro en 2013 y el consecuente incremento de la represión política en el país, que ha derivado en una crisis social y económica, así como en la peor crisis humanitaria de América Latina en los últimos años. La Unión Europea (UE), presionada por el PE, ha impuesto desde 2017 sanciones económicas contra el régimen de Maduro. Además, el PE otorgó su Premio Sájarov a la oposición venezolana en 2017 y fue la primera institución de la UE en reconocer al opositor Juan Guaidó como presidente interino en 2019. Este artículo examina y confirma el papel del PE de tribuna moral internacional para el caso de Venezuela.","PeriodicalId":43375,"journal":{"name":"Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44632154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introducción. Digitalización de la Unión Europea: repercusiones y expectativas 介绍。欧盟数字化:影响与期望
IF 0.8
Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.7
Tanel Kerikmäe, David Ramiro Troitiño
{"title":"Introducción. Digitalización de la Unión Europea: repercusiones y expectativas","authors":"Tanel Kerikmäe, David Ramiro Troitiño","doi":"10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43375,"journal":{"name":"Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44823103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Desorden informativo en la UE: construyendo una respuesta normativa 欧盟的信息混乱:建立监管回应
IF 0.8
Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.141
Carme Colomina Saló, Susana Pérez-Soler
{"title":"Desorden informativo en la UE: construyendo una respuesta normativa","authors":"Carme Colomina Saló, Susana Pérez-Soler","doi":"10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.141","url":null,"abstract":"La desinformación se combate de manera multilateral y desde la multiplicidad de herramientas: plataformas tecnológicas, políticas nacionales, medios de comunicación y plataformas de verificación. A medida que las técnicas desinformativas han ganado en sofisticación y que aumentan también los actores de la disrupción, la Unión Europea (UE) se ha sentido obligada a acelerar un proceso político y regulador que empezó a gestarse en 2015, cuando el Consejo Europeo invitó por primera vez a la Comisión Europea a actuar contra lo que consideraban una amenaza a los procesos democráticos en la UE y en sus estados miembros. Este artículo ofrece un análisis crítico de la evolución de las estrategias de la lucha contra la desinformación en línea en el marco de la UE y las implicaciones que esta voluntad de intervención ha tenido sobre las grandes plataformas digitales que operan en Europa.","PeriodicalId":43375,"journal":{"name":"Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46095488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Managing complexity: the EU’s contribution to artificial intelligence governance 管理复杂性：欧盟对人工智能治理的贡献
IF 0.8
Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.41/en
A. Antonov
{"title":"Managing complexity: the EU’s contribution to artificial intelligence governance","authors":"A. Antonov","doi":"10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.41/en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.41/en","url":null,"abstract":"With digital ecosystems being questioned around the world, this paper examines the EU’s role in and contribution to the emerging concept of artificial intelligence (AI) governance. Seen by the EU as the key ingredient for innovation, the adoption of AI systems has altered our understanding of governance. Framing AI as an autonomous digital technology embedded in social structures, this paper argues that EU citizens' trust in AI can be increased if the innovation it entails is grounded in a fundamental rights-based approach. This is assessed based on the work of the High-Level Expert Group on AI (which has developed a framework for trustworthy AI) and the European Commission’s recently approved proposal for an Artificial Intelligence Act (taking a risk-based approach).","PeriodicalId":43375,"journal":{"name":"Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46347981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cybersecurity in the era of hypercompetitiveness: can the EU meet the new challenges? 超级竞争时代的网络安全:欧盟能否应对新的挑战?
IF 0.8
Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.69/en
M. Munkøe, H. Mölder
{"title":"Cybersecurity in the era of hypercompetitiveness: can the EU meet the new challenges?","authors":"M. Munkøe, H. Mölder","doi":"10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.69/en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.69/en","url":null,"abstract":"In her 2021 State of the Union address, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen stressed the need to improve EU cybersecurity. The threat landscape is diverse and changing, and includes disinformation and fake news, cyber-attacks on government infrastructure and interference in elections in third countries. With this in mind, in December 2020 the EU unveiled a new Cybersecurity Strategy that includes legislative and institutional initiatives: from the revision of the NIS Directive – the EU’s first cybersecurity legislation – to the establishment of a cybershield to identify large-scale cyber-attacks. To be effective in this field, which involves a multitude of actors, the EU will need to ensure robust cooperation and information exchange, both at national and European level, as well as with NATO.","PeriodicalId":43375,"journal":{"name":"Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44348853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gig economy workers in the European Union: towards changing their legal classification 欧盟的零工经济工人:走向改变他们的法律分类
IF 0.8
Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.117
T. Kerikmäe, A. Kajander
{"title":"Gig economy workers in the European Union: towards changing their legal classification","authors":"T. Kerikmäe, A. Kajander","doi":"10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.117","url":null,"abstract":"While the classification of gig economy workers under European labour law has been controversial for many years, the COVID-19 pandemic made it a priority. The role of the gig economy has changed: from being an employment option that provides supplementary income, it has become many people’s main income source, which is why the European Union (EU) announced its intention to address this issue. In 2021, there was intense activity around gig economy jurisprudence across Europe, with supreme courts in several member states making judgements and new laws classifying the participants in this sector of the labour market. This paper draws on three case studies – from the UK, the Netherlands and Spain – to explore recent developments in gig economy jurisprudence and to draw conclusions for the future.","PeriodicalId":43375,"journal":{"name":"Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68812263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Fintech regulation in the European Union: trends and blurred lines 欧盟的金融科技监管：趋势和模糊的界限
IF 0.8
Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.95/en
J. Aben, Paula Etti
{"title":"Fintech regulation in the European Union: trends and blurred lines","authors":"J. Aben, Paula Etti","doi":"10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.95/en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24241/rcai.2022.131.2.95/en","url":null,"abstract":"Digitalisation, innovative financial services technologies and new business models hope for borderless markets. Financial technology (Fintech) is looking to be another player in this market. In order to increase the integrity of the EU common market and the size of its capital market, new legislative initiatives have been designed to level the playing field for all participants and to rethink the traditional concepts of capital flows and instruments and the risks associated with opening the capital market up to new participants. Financial services like crowdfunding platforms are transforming the services concept, while the risks associated with the digital operations of financial services place the entire digital finance world on the same level. In this context, this paper examines the EU's efforts to create a seamless legal environment.","PeriodicalId":43375,"journal":{"name":"Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47154049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Regulación de las Fintech en la Unión Europea: tendencias y líneas difusas 欧盟金融科技监管:趋势和模糊界限
IF 0.8
Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals Pub Date : 2022-06-24 DOI: 10.24241/rcai.2022.131.95
Janika Aben, Paula Etti
{"title":"Regulación de las Fintech en la Unión Europea: tendencias y líneas difusas","authors":"Janika Aben, Paula Etti","doi":"10.24241/rcai.2022.131.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24241/rcai.2022.131.95","url":null,"abstract":"La digitalización, las tecnologías innovadoras en los servicios financieros y los nuevos modelos de negocio aspiran a un mercado sin fronteras. Las tecnologías financieras (Fintech) quieren ser un actor más en dicho mercado. A fin de aumentar la integridad del mercado común y el volumen del mercado de capitales de la UE, las nuevas iniciativas legislativas se han elaborado para homogeneizar el terreno de juego de todos los participantes y repensar los conceptos tradicionales de flujos de capitales e instrumentos y riesgos asociados a la apertura del mercado de capitales a nuevos participantes. Servicios financieros como las plataformas de crowdfunding están transformando el concepto servicios, mientras que los riesgos relacionados con las operaciones digitales de los servicios financieros sitúan al mismo nivel a todo el mundo de las finanzas digitales. Al respecto, este artículo examina los esfuerzos de la UE por crear un entorno jurídico sin costuras.","PeriodicalId":43375,"journal":{"name":"Revista CIDOB d Afers Internationals","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41421884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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