Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management最新文献_第2页

炭化・過熱水蒸気処理・爆砕による木質バイオマスの化学成分変化に関する研究碳化、过热水蒸气处理、爆破引起的木质生物量化学成分变化的研究

Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management Pub Date : 2011-03-31 DOI: 10.3985/JJSMCWM.22.149

松永安希子, 龍大西, 満美入江, 武則山口, 明邦牛久保

{"title":"炭化・過熱水蒸気処理・爆砕による木質バイオマスの化学成分変化に関する研究","authors":"松永安希子, 龍大西, 満美入江, 武則山口, 明邦牛久保","doi":"10.3985/JJSMCWM.22.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3985/JJSMCWM.22.149","url":null,"abstract":"木質バイオマスを原料とした炭化・過熱水蒸気処理・爆砕などの処理技術が提案されているものの，これらの処理物を比較検討した研究は少ないため，本研究では3つの処理物について比較検討した。温度400℃処理時間60分で炭化した場合，アルコール・ベンゼン抽出物とホロセルロースの分解が進み，固定炭素が増加し，質の高い有効な燃料が製造できる。しかし，爆砕・過熱水蒸気処理に比べて，炭素の損失が極めて大きい処理であることが示された。蒸気温度200℃，処理時間60分の過熱水蒸気処理と爆砕において，広葉樹を原料とした場合，アルコール・ベンゼン抽出物が増加し，ホロセルロースの一部が分解された。過熱水蒸気処理は，固定炭素量が増加し，発熱量も高くなるが，炭化処理をした木材ほど燃料としての質は高くない。しかし，樹木中の炭素を有効に利用する場合，過熱水蒸気処理は炭素の損失が少なく，適していると考えられる。","PeriodicalId":432877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129592216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Waste Management Roles in the Improvement of Public Hygiene 废物管理在改善公共卫生中的作用

Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management Pub Date : 2009-09-25 DOI: 10.3985/JJSMCWM.20.291

Osawa Masaaki, 正明大澤, 隆行島岡, Shimaoka Takayuki, Nakayama Hirofumi, 裕文中山

引用次数: 0

Repair Costs for Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Plants 城市固体废物焚烧厂的维修费用

Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management Pub Date : 2009-05-30 DOI: 10.3985/JJSMCWM.20.171

Osawa Masaaki, 正明大澤, 敏正相良, Sagara Toshimasa, Shimaoka Takayuki, 隆行島岡, 裕文中山, Nakayama Hirofumi

{"title":"Repair Costs for Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Plants","authors":"Osawa Masaaki, 正明大澤, 敏正相良, Sagara Toshimasa, Shimaoka Takayuki, 隆行島岡, 裕文中山, Nakayama Hirofumi","doi":"10.3985/JJSMCWM.20.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3985/JJSMCWM.20.171","url":null,"abstract":"ごみ焼却施設は，耐火物や鋼板など定期的な補修が必要になる設備・機器が多く，これらの定期補修費は，財政難に苦しむ市町村にとって負担になってきている。また，ごみ焼却施設はメーカの独自技術で構成されていることもあり，定期補修工事は施設を建設したメーカに発注されることが一般的であるが，その工事額の算定基準が明確でないと指摘されることも多い。本研究では，ごみ焼却施設における定期補修費の現状について実態調査を行い，さらに定期補修費の精査手法を提案し，いくつかの施設においてケーススタディを行った。その結果，施設によって定期補修費の額に大きな差異が生じていることが明らかになり，施設の維持管理にあたっては適正な精査手法を採用するべきであるとともに，施設の建設計画にあたっても，建設費のみではなく補修費等維持管理費の状況についても留意を払うことが必要であることが示唆された。","PeriodicalId":432877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132561513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

地方都市における自家処理の評価 : 自家処理の実態把握とその環境的・経済的効果の分析地方城市自我处理的评价:把握自我处理的实际情况，分析其环境和经济效果

Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management Pub Date : 2009-03-31 DOI: 10.3985/JJSMCWM.20.99

田畑智博, 井原智彦, 中澤廣, 玄地裕

{"title":"地方都市における自家処理の評価 : 自家処理の実態把握とその環境的・経済的効果の分析","authors":"田畑智博, 井原智彦, 中澤廣, 玄地裕","doi":"10.3985/JJSMCWM.20.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3985/JJSMCWM.20.99","url":null,"abstract":"本研究では，岩手県県央地域を対象とし，ごみ細組成調査により自家処理の実施量や実施方法の実態把握を行った。また，地域のごみ排出特性やごみ処理構造を踏まえ，一般廃棄物処理システムからみた自家処理実施の環境的・経済的効果を評価した。ごみ細組成調査の結果，自家処理の方法の大部分は生ごみ類のコンポストであり，年間の家庭ごみ排出原単位は525g/(人・日)，自家処理原単位は90g/(人・日) であった。自家処理世帯に着目した場合，現状ではごみ処理量の1.9%が自家処理されていること，さらにごみ処理量の6.9%を追加で自家処理可能であることを示した。これらを踏まえ，自家処理の実施方法に関する分析を行った結果，生ごみ処理容器で自家処理を徹底する場合，現状よりもGHG排出量を2.6%，最終処分量を6.2%，コストを6.5%削減できること，電動生ごみ処理機で徹底する場合，堆肥化時の電力消費の変動分が大きく，GHG，SOx，NOx，コストで不利になることが示された。","PeriodicalId":432877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127645922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

A Study of the Dissolution Behavior of Chlorine from Incinerator Residue Mixed with Organic Composts for Cement Raw Material 焚烧渣中氯与水泥原料有机堆肥的溶出行为研究

Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management Pub Date : 2009-01-29 DOI: 10.3985/JJSMCWM.20.52

研吾濱村, Hamamura Kengo, Shimizu Nobuhiro, 信弘志水, 大輔土田, Tsuchida Daisuke, 誠永瀬, Nagase Makoto, Toba Mineki, 峰樹鳥羽, 陽一黒川, Kurokawa Yoichi, 浩司高橋, Takahashi Koji, Kobuchi Yuji, 祐二小渕, Suenaga Tomonori, 朋則末永, 朋弘成岡, Naruoka Tomohiro, Etoh Jiro, 次郎江藤, 隆行島岡, Shimaoka Takayuki

{"title":"A Study of the Dissolution Behavior of Chlorine from Incinerator Residue Mixed with Organic Composts for Cement Raw Material","authors":"研吾濱村, Hamamura Kengo, Shimizu Nobuhiro, 信弘志水, 大輔土田, Tsuchida Daisuke, 誠永瀬, Nagase Makoto, Toba Mineki, 峰樹鳥羽, 陽一黒川, Kurokawa Yoichi, 浩司高橋, Takahashi Koji, Kobuchi Yuji, 祐二小渕, Suenaga Tomonori, 朋則末永, 朋弘成岡, Naruoka Tomohiro, Etoh Jiro, 次郎江藤, 隆行島岡, Shimaoka Takayuki","doi":"10.3985/JJSMCWM.20.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3985/JJSMCWM.20.52","url":null,"abstract":"焼却残渣の有効利用は最終処分場の延命を図る有効な手段であり，セメントの代替原料としての資源化が代表的である。しかし，焼却残渣は高濃度の塩素を含有しており，セメントの代替原料として混合できる量も制限を受ける。そこで，焼却残渣に有機性コンポストを混合し，自然降雨や散水により，焼却残渣中の塩素濃度を低減させる技術について，大型のライシメータを用いて検討し，塩素の溶出挙動について解明した。その結果，都市ごみ焼却灰に生ごみコンポストを混合した試料の塩素含有率は，都市ごみ焼却灰単独試料の半分まで減少した。また，都市ごみ焼却灰中の難溶性塩素の可溶化と溶出は，大気や自然降雨由来の二酸化炭素によるアルカリ成分の中和およびアルカリ成分の溶脱により，微生物の活動に適した範囲までpHが低下し，微生物の活性が上昇した結果，生ごみコンポスト中の有機物から硫酸，二酸化炭素，有機酸等が産生し，さらにpHが低下したためと考えられた。","PeriodicalId":432877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131759330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Current Situation for Waste Treatment in Guangnan, Yunnan Province and Simulation Analysis on Introduction of Separation Treatment for Trouble-shooting 云南广南垃圾处理现状及引入分离处理故障的模拟分析

Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3985/jjsmcwm.32.72

S. Wu, Yuki Sato, Toru Matsumoto

引用次数: 0

Lead Stabilization Mechanisms of AlPO4 Prepared from Waste Acid Etchant in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash 城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰中废酸蚀剂制备AlPO4铅稳定机理研究

Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3985/JJSMCWM.1120701

K. Kaikake, T. Sekito, M. Tsunomori, Y. Dote

{"title":"Lead Stabilization Mechanisms of AlPO4 Prepared from Waste Acid Etchant in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash","authors":"K. Kaikake, T. Sekito, M. Tsunomori, Y. Dote","doi":"10.3985/JJSMCWM.1120701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3985/JJSMCWM.1120701","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to find lead stabilization mechanisms for fly ash with AlPO 4 (WAP) synthesized from a waste-phosphorus solution produced from the etching process in liquid crystal manufacture and an Al(OH) 3 solution. The results of JLT 13 showed that the synthesized WAP had greater lead stabilization ability than commercial Al (OH) 3 (CAH). Two lead stabilization mechanisms were identified. One mechanism is a decrease in pH caused by the formation of Friedelʼs salt, apatite and aluminum hydroxide through the dissolution of WAP. In the presence of NaCl instead of CaCl 2 as a major salt in fly ash, Friedelʼs salt was observed using WAP and CAH. However, a decrease in pH using WAP and an increase in pH using CAH were observed. Neutralizing the alkali generated in Friedelʼs salt formation by phosphoric acid causes WAP to decrease pH in the presence of NaCl. The second mechanism was that dissolved phosphoric acid reacts with lead to form insoluble lead chloroapatite and lead phosphate. In addition, the result of a low pH leaching test suggested that WAP has a high lead stabilization ability in acid conditions.","PeriodicalId":432877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125303337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Study of Social Cost Benefit Analysis for Biodiesel Conversion Project that Features Collaboration with Employment Support Facilities for People with Disabilities and their Local Government 残障人士就业支持机构与当地政府合作的生物柴油转化项目社会成本效益分析研究

Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3985/jjsmcwm.32.157

Sayaka Yaoya, Y. Shirai

引用次数: 0

Chloride Volatilization of Cesium from Pollucite toward Dry Removal of Cesium Contained in Sewage Sludge Ash 污染石中铯的氯离子挥发对干法去除污泥灰中铯的影响

Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3985/JJSMCWM.27.16

Yasuhisa Nagano, M. Kubota, H. Matsuda, S. Ochi

引用次数: 1

Risk Communication in Kitakyushu City regarding Broad-based Disposal of the Great East Japan Earthquake 北九州市在东日本大地震基础处置中的风险沟通

Journal of The Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3985/JJSMCWM.25.36

Yukari Izumi, Y. Shirai

引用次数: 0