Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal最新文献_第5页

Furthering Their Family Interests: Women, French Colonial Households, and Mobility in the Nineteenth-Century Atlantic 促进家庭利益:19世纪大西洋地区的妇女、法国殖民地家庭和人口流动

IF 0.3

Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2022.0000

Rebecca Hartkopf Schloss

{"title":"Furthering Their Family Interests: Women, French Colonial Households, and Mobility in the Nineteenth-Century Atlantic","authors":"Rebecca Hartkopf Schloss","doi":"10.1353/eam.2022.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eam.2022.0000","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article examines the ways that three elite white women—Marie Anne Péborde Laussat, Manon d'Albis de Gissac Dessalles, and Anna Bence de Saint-Catherine Dessalles—furthered their families' social and economic status around the nineteenth-century Atlantic basin. It demonstrates that these women, and the enslaved and free African- descended servants who accompanied them, adapted eighteenth-century strategies for household advancement in response to the increased constraints on French women's legal and economic positions in post-Napoleonic France and also different social, legal, and political responses to racialized chattel slavery throughout the French Caribbean. For elite white women, such adaptations included not only more frequent travel around the Atlantic but also extended periods apart from other family members, all of which required them to independently make decisions for their extended households based on their knowledge of local circumstances and often their own resources. For the enslaved and free African-descended servants who moved between colonial and metropolitan France, differing social and legal regimes provided opportunities for personal and family advancement, in particular de facto freedom, which further blurred the line between enslaved and free status.","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86713357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

"That she shall be forever banished from this country": Alcohol, Sovereignty, and Social Segregation in New Netherland “她将永远被驱逐出这个国家”:新荷兰的酒精、主权和社会隔离

IF 0.3

Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2022.0004

E. Kramer

{"title":"\"That she shall be forever banished from this country\": Alcohol, Sovereignty, and Social Segregation in New Netherland","authors":"E. Kramer","doi":"10.1353/eam.2022.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eam.2022.0004","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Alcohol was a subject of deep concern for Indigenous nations and settler governments in early America, but, though all agreed that the alcohol trade was dangerous, they did not assess the problem or its remedies in the same ways. This essay disaggregates seventeenth-century alcohol ordinances from their enforcement by examining laws and diplomacy as separate from court records. In considering prohibitions and prosecutions as distinct yet interrelated, it uncovers the differences between Indigenous and Dutch interpretations of alcohol's destructive effects to community and sovereignty. In the context of New Netherland diplomacy, Indigenous and settler authorities could reach consensus over alcohol trade prohibitions, but decisions about how to prosecute the laws fell to Dutch magistrates, who used alcohol cases to impose their particular visions of colonial communities upon ordinary settlers, especially women. Historians have long understood that ordinances regulating the alcohol trade were ineffective but have generally pointed to lax enforcement as the source of the laws' shortcomings. This essay focuses instead on examples of when the laws were strictly enforced, revealing how prosecutorial decision-making became a gendered method of enforcing segregation between settler and Indigenous populations, demarcating settler homes as off-limits to Indigenous people.","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72964770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

"Places of Great Trust": Government Men and Slave Trade Networks in the English Atlantic before 1698 “信任之地”:1698年前英属大西洋的政府官员和奴隶贸易网络

IF 0.3

Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2022.0005

Dylan M. LeBlanc

{"title":"\"Places of Great Trust\": Government Men and Slave Trade Networks in the English Atlantic before 1698","authors":"Dylan M. LeBlanc","doi":"10.1353/eam.2022.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eam.2022.0005","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article argues that conflicts and competition over the form of English slave trading in the Atlantic world during the late seventeenth century elicited the use of a common language of government corruption. Contrary to common historiographical assumptions that government officials could pursue private investments through their public duties without controversy in the English colonies during this period, contested slave trade networks both in the Caribbean and Carolina reveal that colonists actively applied typical English notions of entrusted power to police the borders of acceptable government conduct. Whether in the African slave trade or in the trade in Indigenous captives, monopolies and other regulatory regimes required the active support of government officials on the ground. As a result, these officials became the primary vectors for undermining slave trade regulations and promoting smuggling. Evidence of the extent to which government officials were complicit in illicit slave trading survives in the archive primarily because English observers in Atlantic ports chose to protest such conduct using a recognized metropolitan language of corruption.","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84452642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Letter from the Editors 编辑的信

IF 0.3

Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2022.0003

Rosalind J. Beiler, Judith A. Ridner

引用次数: 0

Friends of the McNeil Center for Early American Studies, 2021 麦克尼尔早期美国研究中心之友，2021年

IF 0.3

Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2022.0002

引用次数: 0

John Quincy Adams and the Ancient Classics, 1794–1817 约翰·昆西·亚当斯和古代经典，1794-1817

IF 0.3

Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2021.0025

R. Penella

引用次数: 0

Black Tradeswomen and the Making of a Taste Culture in Lower Louisiana 下路易斯安那州黑人女商人与品味文化的形成

IF 0.3

Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2021.0023

Jessica Blake

引用次数: 2

British Plans to Rescue Convention Army Prisoners in the American Revolution 英国在美国独立战争中营救国民公会军俘虏的计划

IF 0.3

Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2021.0024

Sean Halverson

{"title":"British Plans to Rescue Convention Army Prisoners in the American Revolution","authors":"Sean Halverson","doi":"10.1353/eam.2021.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eam.2021.0024","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This essay examines British plans to recover prisoners of war following the loss of Lieutenant-General John Burgoyne’s army near Saratoga, New York. In October of 1777, Burgoyne signed the Convention of Saratoga with American Major-General Horatio Gates. In the convention, the two generals agreed that Burgoyne’s troops would receive a free passage to Britain after arriving in Boston, Massachusetts. The Continental Congress discarded Gates’s passage pledge, voided the convention, and ordered Burgoyne’s troops incarcerated. This article argues that in planning and attempting to rescue Burgoyne’s soldiers as an army, British Generals Sir William Howe and Henry Clinton modified European methods of warfare. For a year following Saratoga, the two generals covertly worked to recover the prisoners. British officers had never before attempted to rescue thousands of prisoners by force A close reading of senior British and American officers’ wartime correspondence underlines the importance of recovering Convention Army prisoners into active service. Howe and Clinton’s plans are crucial to understanding senior British officers’ efforts to adapt to local conditions and increase their army’s capacity to wage war in North America.","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89012418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Louisiana Bohemians: Community, Race, and Empire 路易斯安那波西米亚人:社区、种族和帝国

IF 0.3

Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2021.0021

A. Ostendorf

{"title":"Louisiana Bohemians: Community, Race, and Empire","authors":"A. Ostendorf","doi":"10.1353/eam.2021.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eam.2021.0021","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:In 1720, thirteen deported French Bohemian (Romani) families disembarked in the floundering Louisiana colony. Anti-Bohemian sentiment combined with a growing French Empire in need of able-bodied and reproductive laborers to dislocate these families from their already precarious lives. Over the next century, as Louisiana increasingly developed along new and more intransigent racialized lines, Bohemians navigated and helped construct this emergent racial order in diverse ways. Despite the formation of an initial Bohemian community in eighteenth-century Louisiana, their descendants were eventually distributed into new colonial racial categories. The racial potential of Louisiana Bohemians declined as their actions, especially their sexual choices, determined where they, and their descendants, might racially situate. Both self- and other-ascribed Bohemian identity eventually, if unevenly, lost relevance in French, Spanish and U.S.-controlled Louisiana as other more powerful racialized categories and identities prevailed. This article attends to the history of the colonial Louisiana Bohemian community in order to broaden the historical knowledge of the Romani diaspora, complement the existing scholarship on the Louisiana colony and state, and continue to fine-tune our understandings of racial formation in early America.","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90592097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Spanish Ship Affair: Wreck, Salvage, and Contested Legal Authority in Colonial Connecticut 西班牙船只事件:康涅狄格州殖民地的沉船、打捞和有争议的法律权威

IF 0.3

Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2021.0022

Dominic DeBrincat

{"title":"The Spanish Ship Affair: Wreck, Salvage, and Contested Legal Authority in Colonial Connecticut","authors":"Dominic DeBrincat","doi":"10.1353/eam.2021.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eam.2021.0022","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:In 1752, a wounded Spanish ship—laden with gold, silver, indigo, and other valuable goods—wrecked along the Connecticut coast. This episode initially appeared to be a tale of Samaritans rescuing the crew and safekeeping their payload. Such hospitality yielded to avarice as the loosely guarded cargo was plundered. This article looks closely at the county court in New London, Connecticut, to examine how judges, jurors, and local legal officials shouldered the burdens of securing some sense of justice for Spanish officials and British colonists ensnared in what became known as “The Spanish Ship Affair.” It highlights the importance of local colonial courts in maintaining peace, not only in their respective communities, but also in greater imperial contexts. This was especially important in the wake of ineffective responses from the governor, colonial assembly, and vice-admiralty court—institutions purportedly designed to handle inter-imperial conflicts. Emphasis on this county court reveals a flexible judiciary creatively punishing unredeemable criminals, merciful jurors willing to forgive repentant neighbors, and the resultant long-term changes in Connecticut’s political landscape and its legal approaches to shipwrecks.","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81022774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0