European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports最新文献

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Tubular Duplication of the Esophagus in a Newborn, Treated by Thoracoscopy 胸腔镜治疗新生儿食管管状重复畸形1例
IF 0.6
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742594
I. Khvorostov, A. Gusev, A. Alkhasov, S. Yatsyk, E. D'yakonova
{"title":"Tubular Duplication of the Esophagus in a Newborn, Treated by Thoracoscopy","authors":"I. Khvorostov, A. Gusev, A. Alkhasov, S. Yatsyk, E. D'yakonova","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1742594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742594","url":null,"abstract":"We present a case of tubular esophageal duplication in a 3-day-old female newborn (38 weeks, 2,500 g) without concomitant abnormal development. Esophageal duplication was diagnosed based on the clinical picture, direct laryngoscopy, esophagography and computed tomography. The duplicated esophagus was resected by thoracoscopy leaving the orthotopic esophagus in place. Isolation from the pharynx was performed via a separate cervical incision. After a follow-up period of 20 months, the child returned to normal growth and development.","PeriodicalId":43204,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41713770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Juvenile Xanthogranuloma as Differential Diagnosis of a Vulvar Mass: A Case Report 幼年黄色肉芽肿作为外阴肿块的鉴别诊断:1例报告
IF 0.6
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1743159
I. Bada Bosch, A. Cañizo, M. Campos-Domínguez, J. Ordóñez, M. D. Blanco Verdú, M. Fanjul, L. Pérez-Egido, J. D. de Agustín
{"title":"Juvenile Xanthogranuloma as Differential Diagnosis of a Vulvar Mass: A Case Report","authors":"I. Bada Bosch, A. Cañizo, M. Campos-Domínguez, J. Ordóñez, M. D. Blanco Verdú, M. Fanjul, L. Pérez-Egido, J. D. de Agustín","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1743159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743159","url":null,"abstract":"Vulvar masses in children are an unusual finding but their differential diagnosis is extensive. In case of solid masses, rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) must always be considered due to the fact that it is the most common tumor in external genitals during childhood. However, RMS has a radiological appearance very similar to juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG). We present a 16-month-old girl with a 2 cm solid mass on her left labia majora, with four overlying cutaneous papules. After imaging tests, an excisional biopsy was programmed due to high malignancy suspicion. Histopathology of the mass and one of the papules was diagnostic for JXG. After a 12-month follow-up, the patient shows no signs of relapse or complication. Deep JXG is an uncommon entity in childhood and exceptional in the genital area. Therefore, it must be included in the differential diagnosis of a solid vulvar mass, especially if accompanying yellowish xanthomatous cutaneous lesions are present.","PeriodicalId":43204,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46470942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hindgut Duplication in an Infant with Omphalocele–Exstrophy–Imperforate Anus–Spinal Defects (OEIS) Complex 婴儿脐膨出-肥大-闭锁肛-脊柱缺陷(OEIS)复合体的后肠复制
IF 0.6
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1742154
Timothy F. Tirrell, Farokh R. Demehri, C. Lillehei, J. Borer, B. Warf, Belinda H. Dickie
{"title":"Hindgut Duplication in an Infant with Omphalocele–Exstrophy–Imperforate Anus–Spinal Defects (OEIS) Complex","authors":"Timothy F. Tirrell, Farokh R. Demehri, C. Lillehei, J. Borer, B. Warf, Belinda H. Dickie","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1742154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1742154","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction  The congenital anomaly of omphalocele, cloacal exstrophy, imperforate anus, and spinal abnormalities (OEIS complex) is rare but well recognized. Hindgut duplications are also uncommon and are not known to be associated with OEIS. We describe a neonate with OEIS who was found to have fully duplicated blind-ending hindguts. Case Report  A premature infant boy with OEIS underwent first-stage closure on day of life 6, which included excision of the omphalocele sac, separation of the cecal plate and bladder halves, tubularization of the cecal plate, hindgut rescue with end colostomy, and joining of the bladder halves. Cecal plate inspection revealed two hindgut structures that descended distally, one descended midline into the pelvis along the sacrum and the second laterally along the left border of the sacrum. Both lumens connected to the cecal plate and had separate mesenteries. In an effort to maximize the colonic mucosal surface area, the hindgut segments were unified through a side-to-side anastomosis, creating a larger caliber hindgut. The cecal plate was tubularized and an end colostomy was created. Bowel function returned and he was discharged home on full enteral feeds. Discussion  This case represents a cooccurrence of two extremely rare and complex congenital anomalies. The decision to unify the distinct hindguts into a single lumen was made in an effort to combine the goals of management for both OEIS and alimentary duplications. The hindgut is abnormal in OEIS and should be assessed carefully during repair.","PeriodicalId":43204,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45809248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thoracoscopic Resection of a Foregut Duplication Cyst with the Use of a 5-mm Stapling Device in an Infant—A Case Report 胸腔镜下5毫米吻合器切除婴儿前肠重复囊肿1例报告
IF 0.6
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742713
M. Da Col, N. Regamey, P. Szavay
{"title":"Thoracoscopic Resection of a Foregut Duplication Cyst with the Use of a 5-mm Stapling Device in an Infant—A Case Report","authors":"M. Da Col, N. Regamey, P. Szavay","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1742713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742713","url":null,"abstract":"Esophageal foregut duplication cysts are a rare congenital anomaly predominantly diagnosed in children. With possible growth foregut duplication cysts may cause compression on thoracic or mediastinal structures, respectively. Due to the presence of ectopic gastric mucosa and its potential malignant alteration resection of foregut duplication cysts is recommended. More recently, the use of a thoracoscopic approach for resection has shown to be an advantageous alternative to a conventional open approach. A case of a complete thoracoscopic resection of an esophageal foregut duplication cyst using a 5-mm stapling device is presented.","PeriodicalId":43204,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48692216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Resection of an Extraovarian Noniuteinized Thecoma in a 14-Year-Old Girl 14岁女孩卵巢外非卵泡化囊肿的切除
IF 0.6
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742712
O. Aubert, R. Wachowiak, C. Roth, A. K. Höhn, M. Lacher, S. Mayer
{"title":"Resection of an Extraovarian Noniuteinized Thecoma in a 14-Year-Old Girl","authors":"O. Aubert, R. Wachowiak, C. Roth, A. K. Höhn, M. Lacher, S. Mayer","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1742712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742712","url":null,"abstract":"Thecomas are rare benign sex cord-stromal tumors that account for less than 1% of all ovarian tumors. They usually affect postmenopausal women and become symptomatic with abnormal bleeding. In adolescents, less than 10 cases have been reported so far, mainly with symptoms of hormonal disbalance. Extraovarian thecomas represent an even rarer entity, with only two cases described so far, none of them in the pediatric population. We report the case of a 14-year-old girl who presented with sudden-onset abdominal pain, dysuria, and fever, as well as highly elevated serum inflammation parameters. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large, inhomogeneous pelvic mass (16 cm × 9 cm × 13 cm) with indistinct margins, suggestive of an infiltrative malignant teratoma or sarcoma. Laparoscopy confirmed a large mass of unknown origin. In contrast to the infiltrative character seen on preoperative MRI, the tumor could be easily exteriorized and resected after conversion to laparotomy. Ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus remained unaffected. Histopathology revealed a benign nonluteinized thecoma. The postoperative course and 19-month follow-up were uneventful.","PeriodicalId":43204,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48199458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When to Suspect DRUJ's Instability in Children? Case Report of a Rare Presentation of Distal Forearm Fractures 何时怀疑儿童DRUJ不稳定?罕见前臂远端骨折病例报告
IF 0.6
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748317
C. Saugy, A. Bregou
{"title":"When to Suspect DRUJ's Instability in Children? Case Report of a Rare Presentation of Distal Forearm Fractures","authors":"C. Saugy, A. Bregou","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1748317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1748317","url":null,"abstract":"Pediatric displaced distal metaphyseal ulnar fractures and distal radial buckle fractures are common. However, to the best of our knowledge, their association has never been specifically reported. Thus, classification and management of this pattern remain challenging especially in young children. Distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ)'s assessment is difficult. A Galeazzi-equivalent injury should be suspected. We report the case of a 2-year-old boy who presented the above-mentioned association of forearm fractures and compare our management with actual recommendations. We would recommend a low-suspicion threshold for DRUJ's instability in young children presenting with displaced distal metaphyseal ulnar fracture associated with distal radial buckle fracture. That suspicion should raise the necessity of appropriate treatment and follow-up.","PeriodicalId":43204,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49474766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Communicating Bronchopulmonary Foregut Malformation Type IB: Diagnostic and Surgical Challenges. 交通性支气管肺前肠畸形IB型:诊断和手术挑战。
IF 0.6
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports Pub Date : 2021-12-13 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740321
Bhushanrao Jadhav, Ranjithatharsini Vaseeharan, Prabhu Sekaran, Semiu Eniola Folaranmi, Karim Awad
{"title":"Communicating Bronchopulmonary Foregut Malformation Type IB: Diagnostic and Surgical Challenges.","authors":"Bhushanrao Jadhav,&nbsp;Ranjithatharsini Vaseeharan,&nbsp;Prabhu Sekaran,&nbsp;Semiu Eniola Folaranmi,&nbsp;Karim Awad","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1740321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformations (CBPFM) are extremely rare. We present a complex case of type IB CBPFM with esophageal atresia and distal tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TOF), duodenal atresia/annular pancreas (DA/AP), and intestinal malrotation who underwent primary repair for EA/TOF on day 3. Bilious aspirates on day 8 prompted an upper gastrointestinal (GI) contrast revealing a duodenal obstruction and communication between the right lung lower lobe and the esophagus (T8-T9 level). DA/AP and malrotation were repaired by a gastrojejunostomy and Ladd's procedure. A repeat contrast swallow identified a 2nd communication from the esophagus into the right lower lobe (T5-T6 level) raising the suspicion of a recurrent TOF. Computed tomography (CT) thorax confirmed above findings with an anomalous blood supply to right lung. An exploratory thoracotomy identified a three-lobed lung. However, the lower lobe was enlarged and connected in two separate locations to the esophagus. The child recovered after the disconnection of the esophageal connections and partial right lower lobectomy. CBPFM are extremely rare anomalies requiring a high index of suspicion, use of an upper GI contrast series, and CT scans for diagnosis. The treatment of choice is resection of the affected lung and disconnection of the esophageal communications.</p>","PeriodicalId":43204,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8668381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39732857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Hemi-Clamshell Approach for Fetal Lung Interstitial Tumor Resection in a Neonate: A Case Report. 半翻盖入路切除新生儿肺间质瘤1例。
IF 0.6
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports Pub Date : 2021-11-24 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735807
Yasuhiro Kuroda, Hiroaki Fukuzawa, Insu Kawahara, Keiichi Morita
{"title":"Hemi-Clamshell Approach for Fetal Lung Interstitial Tumor Resection in a Neonate: A Case Report.","authors":"Yasuhiro Kuroda,&nbsp;Hiroaki Fukuzawa,&nbsp;Insu Kawahara,&nbsp;Keiichi Morita","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1735807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fetal lung interstitial tumor (FLIT) is a rare primary lung mass in neonates. Classical incisions, such as posterolateral thoracotomy or median sternotomy, do not provide optimal exposure of the operative field for the resection of pediatric thoracic giant tumors. Herein, we report a rare case of a FLIT in a full-term male neonate, with complete resection achieved using a hemi-clamshell approach, which provided the required visualization of the operative field. The neonate was transferred to our hospital because of mild respiratory distress, which developed 18-hour after normal vaginal delivery. A mass in his right chest, without a midline shift, was observed on chest radiographs. Computed tomography showed a well-circumscribed solid anterior cervicothoracic mass, with a uniform density and no apparent cysts, diagnosed as a primary thoracic giant tumor. Once the patient was clinically stabilized, we proceeded with right upper lobectomy, using a hemi-clamshell approach, full sternotomy, and anterolateral thoracotomy, on postnatal day 22. Histopathologic examination revealed an 8.5 × 6.5 × 4.0 cm solid mass within the right upper lobe, which was diagnosed as a FLIT. His postoperative recovery was uneventful. The patient was followed up for 1 year, with no complaints or symptoms and no postoperative shoulder dysfunction. Gross total resection of primary thoracic giant tumors can be accomplished in neonates with optimal exposure of the chest cavity using a hemi-clamshell approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":43204,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8612870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39947958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Primary Segmental Small Bowel Volvulus in an Adolescent Female. 青春期女性原发性节段性小肠扭转。
IF 0.6
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports Pub Date : 2021-11-24 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735808
Friederike Heidtmann, Felicitas Eckoldt, Hans-Joachim Mentzel, Ilmi Alhussami
{"title":"Primary Segmental Small Bowel Volvulus in an Adolescent Female.","authors":"Friederike Heidtmann,&nbsp;Felicitas Eckoldt,&nbsp;Hans-Joachim Mentzel,&nbsp;Ilmi Alhussami","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1735808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small bowel volvulus is a rare but important cause of abdominal pain and small bowel obstruction in children and adults. In the neonate, small bowel volvulus is a well-known complication of malrotation. Segmental small bowel volvulus is a lesser-known condition, which occurs in children and adults alike and can rapidly progress to bowel ischemia. Primary segmental small bowel volvulus occurs in the absence of rotational anomalies or other intraabdominal lesions and is rare in Europe and North America. Clinical presentation can be misleading, causing a delay in diagnosis and treatment, in which case the resection of necrotic bowel may become necessary. We report on a 14-year-old girl who presented with severe colicky abdominal pain but showed no other signs of peritoneal irritation or bowel obstruction. An emergency magnetic resonance imaging was highly suspicious for small bowel volvulus. Emergency laparotomy revealed a 115 cm segment of strangulated distal ileum with no underlying pathology. We performed a detorsion of the affected bowel segment. Despite the initial markedly ischemic appearance of the affected bowel segment, the patient achieved full recovery without resection of bowel becoming necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":43204,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8612868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39947959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Clinical Quiz-A Rare Case of Anal Canal Duplication in the Context of Currarino Syndrome. 临床测验:罕见的柯拉里诺综合征肛管重复病例。
IF 0.6
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports Pub Date : 2021-11-10 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735595
Sean Jared Connor, Giulia Brisighelli, Nirav Patel, Marc A Levitt
{"title":"Clinical Quiz-A Rare Case of Anal Canal Duplication in the Context of Currarino Syndrome.","authors":"Sean Jared Connor,&nbsp;Giulia Brisighelli,&nbsp;Nirav Patel,&nbsp;Marc A Levitt","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1735595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currarino syndrome (CS) is a rare condition that presents with any combination of a sacral defect, a presacral mass, and an anorectal malformation. This collection, referred to as Currarino's triad, may not necessarily present as all three abnormalities in the diagnosis of the syndrome. Anal canal duplication (ACD) is an even rarer occurrence. We present a case that lies on the CS spectrum with an associated ACD and discuss a complex surgical challenge that necessitated a customized management plan, devised through a multidisciplinary approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":43204,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8580735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39732082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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