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Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering最新文献

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Abrasive wear properties of metal matrix composites produced by hot isostatic pressing 热等静压金属基复合材料的磨粒磨损性能
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering Pub Date : 2006-12-20 DOI: 10.3176/eng.2006.4.13
Sanna Ala-Kleme, Päivi Kivikytö-Reponen, J. Liimatainen, J. Hellman, S. Hannula
{"title":"Abrasive wear properties of metal matrix composites produced by hot isostatic pressing","authors":"Sanna Ala-Kleme, Päivi Kivikytö-Reponen, J. Liimatainen, J. Hellman, S. Hannula","doi":"10.3176/eng.2006.4.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/eng.2006.4.13","url":null,"abstract":"Steel matrix composites are an attractive choice for paper, pulp and mineral crushing industries because of their wear resistant properties. In this paper the abrasive wear properties of the tool steel matrix composites are studied. The rubber wheel abrasion tests were carried out using six different composites. The tool steel Ralloy ® WR6 was used as matrix material in all composites. Typically there is about 20 vol% VC in the matrix before the addition of the particle reinforce- ments. Reinforcements were either cemented carbides (WC-Co), cast tungsten carbides (WC) or niobium carbides (NbC). All the composites were so-called double dispersion composites having two distinctive reinforcement types. Although the wear resistance of the composite materials has been found to increase with reinforcement additions in rock crushing environment with multimode wear conditions, the pure abrasion resistance of the composites, having up to 30% additional reinforcements, was found inferior to the matrix tool steel. Based on the observations it is suggested that in order to improve the abrasive wear resistance of the tool steels by adding hard particles, the matrix-particle interface s hould be strong enough to prevent the detachment of particles and the amount of particles should be high enough to compensate the accelerated wear of the matrix because of hard particle wear debris.","PeriodicalId":431653,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121779295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Mechanical properties and fracture of nanocopper by severe plastic deformations 纳米铜在剧烈塑性变形下的力学性能和断裂
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering Pub Date : 2006-12-20 DOI: 10.3176/eng.2006.4.02
M. Besterci,, T. Kvačkaj, L. Kováč, K. Sülleiová, P. Kulu
{"title":"Mechanical properties and fracture of nanocopper by severe plastic deformations","authors":"M. Besterci,, T. Kvačkaj, L. Kováč, K. Sülleiová, P. Kulu","doi":"10.3176/eng.2006.4.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/eng.2006.4.02","url":null,"abstract":"The development of the nanostructure in commercial pure copper, its strength and ductility after severe plastic deformation (SPD) with the technology of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) are analysed. It is shown that both the strength and ductility can be increased simultaneously by SPD. The final grain size decreased from the initial 50 μm to 100-300 nm after 10 passes of ECAP. The increase of the ductility and strength, caused by SPD, is explained by strong grain refinement and by the dynamic equilibrium of weakening and strengthening.","PeriodicalId":431653,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130916637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Characterization of WC-Co composite thermal spray powders and coatings WC-Co复合热喷涂粉末及涂层的表征
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering Pub Date : 2006-12-20 DOI: 10.3176/eng.2006.4.12
P. Peetsalu, S. Zimakov, J. Pirso, V. Mikli, R. Tarbe, Priit Kulua
{"title":"Characterization of WC-Co composite thermal spray powders and coatings","authors":"P. Peetsalu, S. Zimakov, J. Pirso, V. Mikli, R. Tarbe, Priit Kulua","doi":"10.3176/eng.2006.4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/eng.2006.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"The article studies methods for describing powder granules and coatings in WC-Co thermal spray powder development and production. Powder particles and microstructure grains vary from a few nanometres to hundreds of micrometres. It is therefore n ecessary to combine different methods of analysis. In the granule and particle size analysis, laser diffraction, sieve analysis, image analysis and the BET method are used. Both the macrostructure and microstructure of the thermal spray coating and composite powder granules are investigated including computer analysis. As a result, a numerical database was obtained that permits to compare the characteristics of different coatings and to analyse the resistance of the coatings to the abrasive wear.","PeriodicalId":431653,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131582582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Preparation and characterization of ZrO2-Al2O3 particulate nanocomposites produced by plasma technique 等离子体法制备ZrO2-Al2O3颗粒纳米复合材料及其表征
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering Pub Date : 2006-12-20 DOI: 10.3176/eng.2006.4.03
J. Grabis, I. Šteins, D. Rašmane, A. Krumina, M. Berzins
{"title":"Preparation and characterization of ZrO2-Al2O3 particulate nanocomposites produced by plasma technique","authors":"J. Grabis, I. Šteins, D. Rašmane, A. Krumina, M. Berzins","doi":"10.3176/eng.2006.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/eng.2006.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"Nanosized spherical ZrO2 (Y2O3)-Al2O3 particulate composites with average particle size in the range of 30-40 nm have been prepared by evaporation of coarse grained oxides in an inductively coupled plasma. The powders contain m-, t-ZrO2 and θ-, δ- Al2O3 phases. The presence of Al2O3 reduces the crystallite size of ZrO2 and increases the content of the t-ZrO2 phase and prevents phase transition of ZrO2 during additional calcinations. The surface characteristics of ZrO2-Al2O3 particles testify that zirconia particles are covered by alumina.","PeriodicalId":431653,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125493542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Study of surface fatigue of wear resistant powder metallurgical materials 耐磨粉末冶金材料的表面疲劳研究
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering Pub Date : 2006-12-20 DOI: 10.3176/eng.2006.4.06
M. Saarna, P. Kulu, R. Veinthal, R. Tarbe
{"title":"Study of surface fatigue of wear resistant powder metallurgical materials","authors":"M. Saarna, P. Kulu, R. Veinthal, R. Tarbe","doi":"10.3176/eng.2006.4.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/eng.2006.4.06","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of the fatigue strength of wear resistant materials is significant both from the theoretical and practical points of view. In abrasive wear, two different mechanisms of material removal occur either separately or simultaneously. At abrasion and low-angle abrasive erosion, microcutting is dominating and the main criterion for materials selection is hardness. At high-angle impact as well as at oblique impact by irreversible deformation, the exposed surface should be able to withstand repeated deformation, where low-cycle fatigue mechanism is dominating. The aim of this work was to determine and compare the surface fatigue behaviour of the high-tech powder metallurgical materials-PM/HIPed tool steels and conventional wear resistant steels. An attempt to find correlation between abrasive erosion and impact wear rates with materials surface fatigue resistance was made.","PeriodicalId":431653,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130696749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Preparation of concentrated aqueous suspensions from nanosized plasma-processed zirconia powder 纳米等离子体氧化锆粉制备浓缩水悬浮液
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering Pub Date : 2006-12-20 DOI: 10.3176/eng.2006.4.11
L. Chera, Ē. Palčevskis, M. Berzins, A. Lipe, I. Jansone
{"title":"Preparation of concentrated aqueous suspensions from nanosized plasma-processed zirconia powder","authors":"L. Chera, Ē. Palčevskis, M. Berzins, A. Lipe, I. Jansone","doi":"10.3176/eng.2006.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/eng.2006.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"Four commercially available dispersants have been compared for their ability to produce high-concentrated suspensions of the partially stabilized nanosized zirconia powder, processed by the plasma technique. Zeta potential measurements are used to study the influence of these dispersants on the electrokinetic properties of the powder surface. The highest solid loading (up to 70 wt%) is achieved using Atsurf 3222 and KD7 as dispersants. The optimal amounts of the dispersant (2-3 wt% of the dry mass of the solid) have been determined by adsorption and viscosity measurements. On the basis of obtained data, the correlation between the surface electrokinetic properties and maximal suspension concentration reached is discussed.","PeriodicalId":431653,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127602956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Thermophysical properties and thermal shock resistance of chromium carbide based cermets 碳化铬基金属陶瓷的热物理性能和抗热震性能
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering Pub Date : 2006-12-20 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2739-7_90
M. Antonov, I. Hussainova
{"title":"Thermophysical properties and thermal shock resistance of chromium carbide based cermets","authors":"M. Antonov, I. Hussainova","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-2739-7_90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2739-7_90","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":431653,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134188496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Application of the continuous indentation test method for the characterization of mechanical properties of B4C/Al composites 应用连续压痕测试法表征 B4C/Al 复合材料的机械性能
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering Pub Date : 2006-12-20 DOI: 10.3176/eng.2006.4.08
E. Kimmari, L. Kommel
{"title":"Application of the continuous indentation test method for the characterization of mechanical properties of B4C/Al composites","authors":"E. Kimmari, L. Kommel","doi":"10.3176/eng.2006.4.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/eng.2006.4.08","url":null,"abstract":"The principal aim of the present study was to apply the continuous instrumented indentation testing with the Oliver-Pharr method for analysing the load-depth data in determination of mechanical properties of boron carbide/aluminium composites. The indentation tests were carried out at different applied load values (from 10 to 100 N) using Zwick 2.5/TS1S machine and a Vickers indenter. The hardness and reduced elastic modulus of composites were estimated from the unloading part of the indentation curve. The Vickers hardness numbers were compared with those obtained using conventional indentation, performed with Indentec 5030 SKV hardness tester.","PeriodicalId":431653,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125901853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Comparative study on indentation fracture toughness measurements of cemented carbides 硬质合金压痕断裂韧性测量的对比研究
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering Pub Date : 2006-12-20 DOI: 10.3176/eng.2006.4.07
F. Sergejev, M. Antonov
{"title":"Comparative study on indentation fracture toughness measurements of cemented carbides","authors":"F. Sergejev, M. Antonov","doi":"10.3176/eng.2006.4.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/eng.2006.4.07","url":null,"abstract":"Majority of the fracture toughness studies of metallic materials typically use the Chevron notch technique, compact specimens and round notched tensile specimens. These methods require considerable time for sample preparation and for the notch geometry control. Only a few of them can be applied for cemented carbides due to the very high brittleness of the hard phase. This is why various indentation fracture toughness (IFT) techniques have been developed [(superscript 1, 2)], which are more rapid and simple. Indentation toughness measurements results depend critically on the assumption about the crack type (Palmqvist or median/radial cracks), on the equations used for the calculation of fracture toughness and on the material-dependent and material-independent constants [(superscript 3)]. In the present work a comparative study of IFT calculation methods was carried out to find a reliable technique for studied materials (WC-Co, TiC-Fe/Ni). Several IFT equations for ceramic materials, recommended by standards and publications, were used for the evaluation of the fracture toughness and compared with published conventional fracture toughness data [(superscript 4, 5)]. Only few of the equations give reliable estimation of the fracture toughness of cemented carbides.","PeriodicalId":431653,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132088384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 99
Two-body dry abrasive wear of Cr3C2-Ni cermets Cr3C2-Ni陶瓷的两体干磨粒磨损
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering Pub Date : 2006-12-20 DOI: 10.3176/eng.2006.4.05
K. Juhani, J. Pirso, M. Viljus, Sergei Letunovitš
{"title":"Two-body dry abrasive wear of Cr3C2-Ni cermets","authors":"K. Juhani, J. Pirso, M. Viljus, Sergei Letunovitš","doi":"10.3176/eng.2006.4.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/eng.2006.4.05","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers two-body dry abrasive wear of a series of chromium carbide base cermets with different amounts of Ni binder (10-50 wt%) using a ”block on abrasive grinding wheel” test machine. The wear coefficient of the cermets reduces with the increase of Cr3C2 content in the composite, which corresponds to an increase in the bulk hardness. The volume wear increases approximately linearly with increasing sliding distance. The wear tracks of the worn blocks after run were analysed using SEM to determine the wear mechanisms. The wear mechanism of Cr3C2-Ni cermets depends on the carbide/binder ratio. Material is actually removed by several processes, which include groove formation and the formation of cracks by fatigue under repeated abrasion.","PeriodicalId":431653,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122016315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
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