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Inflation Measurement with Scanner Data and an Ever-Changing Fixed Basket 通货膨胀测量扫描仪数据和不断变化的固定篮子
Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics Pub Date : 2019-10-03 DOI: 10.24187/ecostat.2019.509.1982
C. Tongur
{"title":"Inflation Measurement with Scanner Data and an Ever-Changing Fixed Basket","authors":"C. Tongur","doi":"10.24187/ecostat.2019.509.1982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24187/ecostat.2019.509.1982","url":null,"abstract":"[eng] Statistics Sweden introduced scanner data into parts of the consumer price index several years ago, with the concern to ensure comparability over time and between countries. In this article, we discuss the issue of preserving the fixed basket approach and whether the traditional manual item replacement strategy, with quality and quantity adjustments, is still a relevant method to ensure comparability despite the change in data collection mode and extensiveness of data. Biases from improper quantity adjustments are discussed and illustrated through numeric examples based on real changes in the Swedish market of daily necessity products. Manual adjustments of quality and quantity are implemented by following a small random sample of representative items, i.e. a fixed basket, which therefore leads to imprecision or variance in the consumer price index. This may be a questionable approach given the availability of census-like scanner data, thus the bias-variance trade-off is addressed. The sample size related variance is estimated through a jackknife method and contrasted with quality/quantity adjustments.","PeriodicalId":431625,"journal":{"name":"Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126964657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Impact of the ‘Scellier’ Income Tax Relief on Building Land Prices in France “塞勒”所得税减免对法国建筑地价的影响
Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics Pub Date : 2019-07-11 DOI: 10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1976
Pierre-Henri Bono, A. Trannoy
{"title":"The Impact of the ‘Scellier’ Income Tax Relief on Building Land Prices in France","authors":"Pierre-Henri Bono, A. Trannoy","doi":"10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1976","url":null,"abstract":"[eng] This study assesses the impact of a tax incentive scheme to boost private rental investment in force in France from 2009 to 2012, called the “Scellier scheme” (after the name of the minister who promoted it), on changes in the price of building land. A difference-indifferences estimation is implemented, drawing on data from the BNDP database covering the period 2004-2010. The definition of the control and treatment groups is based on the boundary between municipalities which are eligible for the Scellier scheme and municipalities which are not. The estimation results suggest that the scheme had an inflationary effect and point to land price capitalisation, with an increase in the price per square metre of around 7 euros in the first year and of 8 to 9 euros over 2009 and 2010, without a significant rise of the phenomenon in the second year, i.e. an increase of 8% in the first year and of 9 to 10% after two years. The regions where the market was the tightest saw the most rapid price increase, particularly the Mediterranean region.","PeriodicalId":431625,"journal":{"name":"Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125409245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Housing Allowances Alone Cannot Prevent Rent Arrears 单靠住房补贴不能防止拖欠房租
Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics Pub Date : 2019-07-11 DOI: 10.24187/ecostat.2019.507d.1974
V. Flambard
{"title":"Housing Allowances Alone Cannot Prevent Rent Arrears","authors":"V. Flambard","doi":"10.24187/ecostat.2019.507d.1974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24187/ecostat.2019.507d.1974","url":null,"abstract":"[eng] This article examines the extent to which housing allowances ensure continued access to affordable housing in France. According to data from the 2013 Housing Survey (enquete Logement, Insee), the most recent national housing survey available, one in four recipients of housing allowances experienced financial difficulties during a 24‑month period (compared to one in ten non‑recipients). The safety net role of housing allowances is studied through their effect in the event of job loss. The analysis is based on two points of discon­tinuity in terms of income: the eligibility threshold and the ceiling for the maximum rate of allowance. Probit regression results show that recipients of housing allowances are not significantly better protected. Housing allowances also fail to correct inherent disadvantages across households. In fact, the risk of difficulties in paying rent appears to be linked to a combination of factors: low income, unexpected events, certain family composition and places of residence increases the risk.","PeriodicalId":431625,"journal":{"name":"Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128813689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Distributional Impact of Local Taxation on Households in France 法国地方税收对家庭的分配影响
Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics Pub Date : 2019-07-11 DOI: 10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1977
C. Carbonnier
{"title":"The Distributional Impact of Local Taxation on Households in France","authors":"C. Carbonnier","doi":"10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1977","url":null,"abstract":"[eng] The distributive profile of local taxation on households results from three main determinants: the tax base (the rental value of occupied or owned properties), the schedule (of exemptions and reductions) and the differences between local rates. The overall contribution of local household taxes to the progressivity of compulsory levies in France is measured and bro­ken down into the three determinants based on the Insee survey on income and living conditions (Statistiques sur les ressources et conditions de vie, or SRCV) at household level and compre­hensive databases at the local authority level. The tax base has a regressive effect, partially offset by the schedule. Local taxes and average income increase with the size of inter‑municipalities: territorial heterogeneity is thus characterised by levels of local tax per capita that tend to increase with per capita income. However, this increase is less than proportional to that of income, gen­erating a ratio of local taxes to income that decreases with the level of average income in the inter‑municipal area.","PeriodicalId":431625,"journal":{"name":"Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123252574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Productivity Growth and Resource Reallocation in France: The Process of Creative Destruction 法国的生产力增长和资源再分配:创造性破坏的过程
Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics Pub Date : 2019-07-11 DOI: 10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1979
Haithem Ben Hassine
{"title":"Productivity Growth and Resource Reallocation in France: The Process of Creative Destruction","authors":"Haithem Ben Hassine","doi":"10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1979","url":null,"abstract":"[eng] Based on a large sample of French firms, this article examines the contribution of resource reallocation and of the learning effect to changes in total factor productivity (TFP) before (2000-2007) and after (2008/2009-2012) the 2008 crisis. First, we show that there was very little TFP growth before the crisis and that a fall occurred between 2008 and 2012. Second, we show that the evolution of TFP is highly dependent on the learning effect, as measured here by internal firm performance. Its negative contribution after the crisis is indicative of the difficulties experienced by firms in France in adjusting their production scale rapidly and effectively. However, this effect was reduced by 1) a process of resource reallocation towards the most productive continuing firms, which only really took hold from 2009 onwards, and 2) an earlier Schumpeterian process of creative destruction (cleansing effect), the first signs of which appeared in 2008.","PeriodicalId":431625,"journal":{"name":"Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128001463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Private Financing of Long Term Care: Income, Savings and Reverse Mortgages 长期护理的私人融资:收入、储蓄和反向抵押贷款
Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics Pub Date : 2019-07-11 DOI: 10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1972
Carole Bonnet, Sandrine Juin, Anne Laferrère
{"title":"Private Financing of Long Term Care: Income, Savings and Reverse Mortgages","authors":"Carole Bonnet, Sandrine Juin, Anne Laferrère","doi":"10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1972","url":null,"abstract":"[eng] To what extent would older Europeans be able to pay for their long‑term care needs out of their income and assets if they had no access to informal care or public insurance? To answer this question, we build a microsimulation model and estimate the disability trajectories of those currently aged 65 or older in nine European countries using the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). We focus on the potential role of reverse mortgages in home equity release. According to the simulations, 57% of people 65 and over will experience disability. Conditional on need, care will be required for 4.4 years on average. Of those with no partner, 6% of dependent individuals could pay for their long‑term care out of their income alone, 22% if they used all their savings except their home. The proportion would reach 49% if they took out reverse mortgages on their main residence. However, one quarter would be able to finance less than 10% of their long‑term care expenses.","PeriodicalId":431625,"journal":{"name":"Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123110738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Comment – Is Self-Insurance for Long-Term Care Risk a Solution? 评论-长期护理风险的自我保险是一个解决方案吗?
Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics Pub Date : 2019-07-11 DOI: 10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1973
J. Wittwer
{"title":"Comment – Is Self-Insurance for Long-Term Care Risk a Solution?","authors":"J. Wittwer","doi":"10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1973","url":null,"abstract":"[eng] The financial risk associated with long‑term care (LTC) is partially insured in France and in all European countries. However, the level of coverage across all countries is significantly lower compared to health risk. Public coverage varies widely from country to country, although in most cases households are left to bear a significant proportion of the cost burden. Since LTC risk occurs at the end of life, the use by households of their financial and housing assets to finance their LTC expenses – in other words, self‑insurance – may appear as one solution. Using data from the SHARE survey, the study by Carole Bonnet, Sandrine Juin and Anne Laferrere aims to address this question head‑on and to assess the extent to which self‑insurance could meet the financing needs of long‑term care in Europe. This comment considers the approach taken by the authors before discussing the implications of their analysis.","PeriodicalId":431625,"journal":{"name":"Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127017510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Perception of Job Insecurity in France: Between Individual Determinants and Managerial Practices 法国人对工作不安全感的看法:个人决定因素与管理实践之间的关系
Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics Pub Date : 2019-07-11 DOI: 10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1978
Stéphanie Moullet, Zinaida Salibekyan
{"title":"The Perception of Job Insecurity in France: Between Individual Determinants and Managerial Practices","authors":"Stéphanie Moullet, Zinaida Salibekyan","doi":"10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24187/ECOSTAT.2019.507D.1978","url":null,"abstract":"[eng] Since the crisis, to what extent is the perception of the risk of job loss affected by the nature of the work environment, the employer’s human resources management policy and its economic situation – or what employees know or perceive about it? Understanding what determines the perception of job insecurity is still rarely the subject of research by labour econo­mists, even though this perception has proven effects, particularly on labour market behaviour and employee health. The analysis is conducted for France, using linked employee‑employer data from the REPONSE 2011 survey. A multilevel model with a random constant is estimated after transforming the reported risk of job loss variable into a continuous “pseudo” variable of perceived insecurity. We show that managerial practices based on communication, promoting discussions between employees and management, as well as employee profit‑sharing schemes or incentive practices, appear to reduce the perception of job insecurity.","PeriodicalId":431625,"journal":{"name":"Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127479630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Can Mobile Phone Data Improve the Measurement of International Tourism in France? 手机数据能改善法国国际旅游的测量吗?
Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics Pub Date : 2019-04-23 DOI: 10.24187/ECOSTAT.2018.505D.1967
G. Cousin, Fabrice Hillaireau
{"title":"Can Mobile Phone Data Improve the Measurement of International Tourism in France?","authors":"G. Cousin, Fabrice Hillaireau","doi":"10.24187/ECOSTAT.2018.505D.1967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24187/ECOSTAT.2018.505D.1967","url":null,"abstract":"Since July 2015, the Banque de France and the French Ministry for the Economy and Finance have been experimenting with the use of mobile phone data to estimate the number and overnight stays of foreign visitors in France. The purpose of the experiment is to assess the ability of such data to eventually replace, in part or in whole, the traffic data by mode of transport currently used to establish the representativeness of foreign visitor surveys (Enquete aupres des visiteurs venant de l’etrangers or EVE). Mobile phone data have yet to be incorporated into the method used to count tourists. However, estimates based on mobile phone data have a number of benefits in terms of the time required to obtain data, the level of temporal and geographical detail and short-term trend monitoring. This ongoing trial illustrates the difficulty of exploiting original Big Data and demonstrates the importance of drawing on traditional survey data to improve the quality of estimates.","PeriodicalId":431625,"journal":{"name":"Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128723846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Introduction – The Contributions of Big Data 导论-大数据的贡献
Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics Pub Date : 2019-04-23 DOI: 10.24187/ECOSTAT.2018.505D.1963
Philippe Tassi
{"title":"Introduction – The Contributions of Big Data","authors":"Philippe Tassi","doi":"10.24187/ECOSTAT.2018.505D.1963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24187/ECOSTAT.2018.505D.1963","url":null,"abstract":"The revolution, which is quite recent, brought about by digital convergence and connected objects, has enabled a homogenisation of data types which would historically have been considered as different, for example : digital data, texts, sound, still images, and moving images. This has encouraged the Big Data phenomenon, the volume of which includes two related parameters : quantity and frequency of acquisition ; quantity can extend as far as exhaustivity and frequency can be up to and including real time. This Special Issue features a series of articles that examine its uses and implications, as well as the challenges faced by statistical production in general, and especially that of official statistics. Just like any innovation, Big Data offer advantages and raise questions. The obvious benefits include “ added” knowledge – a better statistical description of the economy and the society. They are also a driver for development in computer science in the broadest sense, and in applied mathematics. However, we cannot do without some degree of vigilance, since data and how they are used can affect individuals, their freedoms and the preservation of their privacy.","PeriodicalId":431625,"journal":{"name":"Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133044991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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