Kee Soo Chen, Hasrizal Shaari, Kamarul Redzuan Muhamed, Baharim Mustapa, Rafidah Razali, Amir Husaini Saiffuddin, Farizah Ideris, Fatin Izzati Minhat, Shinatria Adhityatama, Atthasit Sukkam, Wendy Van Duivenvoorde
{"title":"The Preliminary Investigation on the Origin and the Sailing Route of Bidong Shipwreck, Malaysia","authors":"Kee Soo Chen, Hasrizal Shaari, Kamarul Redzuan Muhamed, Baharim Mustapa, Rafidah Razali, Amir Husaini Saiffuddin, Farizah Ideris, Fatin Izzati Minhat, Shinatria Adhityatama, Atthasit Sukkam, Wendy Van Duivenvoorde","doi":"10.1007/s11457-024-09398-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-024-09398-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study of the origin of underwater artefacts is a crucial and relevant topic to be highlighted, especially in the Southeast Asia Region, due to the active trading route during the Age of Sail. In the present study, we aim to discover the ship type and sailing route of the Bidong shipwreck using both relative and absolute analysis. The team analysed the wood samples collected at the Bidong shipwreck site during the second excavation phase. The analysis of wood anatomy and Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) was performed on five wood fragments at the Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM). Based on the conducted analyses, two types of trees were identified in the construction of Bidong shipwrecks, namely Giam (<i>Hopea</i> spp.) and Meranti Temak Nipis (<i>Shorea roxburghii)</i>. Both types of trees are commonly discovered in tropical climate regimes and the area of the Malay Archipelago. In addition, the team also compared the selected artefacts from the first phase of excavation with some published references of Southeast Asian Ceramic and live records from National Maritime Museums, Chanthaburi, and Southeast Asian Ceramic Museum, Bangkok University, Thailand. Significantly, the comparison analysis suggests that the artefacts rescued from the Bidong shipwreck were Thai ceramics of the Maenam Noi (Singburi) and Si Satchanalai (Sawankhalok) types. The result from these studies suggests that the Bidong shipwreck stopped loading Siamese ceramics or even repairing in Southeast Asia and sailing along the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia for some destination in the sixteenth century during the Age of Monsoonal Civilisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":43114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime Archaeology","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Historical and Analytical Study of the Genoese Port in Annaba, Algeria and its Ancient Maritime Trade Routes with Genoa, Italy","authors":"Haithem Bouazza, Mohammad Fawzi Maallem","doi":"10.1007/s11457-024-09397-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-024-09397-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article represents the first historical study of the port site of Genoa Fortress located on the coast of the city of Annaba (عنابة) in Algeria. In it, we sought to highlight this coastal maritime cultural heritage and introduce it by showcasing its role, commercial activity, and the events that the port experienced during various historical periods, along with the sequence and origin of its name over these periods. We also provided a brief historical overview of the city of Annaba (عنابة). Additionally, we explored its relationship with ports on other shores of the Mediterranean Sea, particularly Genoa in Italy, by extracting ideal Genoese maritime routes between Genoa and Annaba (عنابة), utilizing various new methodologies. Therefore, our main objective in this study was to highlight new and significant historical aspects of the Algerian city of Annaba (عنابة), especially during the Middle Ages, through the intensive application of various methodologies, including Google Earth Pro 2023 and geographic information systems. This aimed to provide a comprehensive and clear understanding of how sailors, in general, and Genoese sailors, in particular, selected ideal maritime routes during ancient and medieval historical periods (The maritime route between the port of Genoa in Annaba (عنابة) and the port of Genoa in Genoa as a case study.).</p>","PeriodicalId":43114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime Archaeology","volume":"321 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Calvin Mires, Evan Kovacs, Megan Lickliter-Mundon, Alba Mazza
{"title":"In Tough Seas: Overcoming Field Challenges Through Innovation and Partnerships With DPAA","authors":"Calvin Mires, Evan Kovacs, Megan Lickliter-Mundon, Alba Mazza","doi":"10.1007/s11457-024-09396-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-024-09396-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2022 and 2023, the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) partnered with Marine Imaging Technologies to conduct remote sensing survey operations in Guam to search for and possibly confirm the locations of four separate B-29 Superfortress wreck sites. The reported locations for these sites are in challenging environments; high seas, fast currents, and strong winds pose hazardous conditions for survey teams and equipment. Additionally, the bathymetry of the areas consists of dynamic changes in depths with sudden valleys, rises, and seamounts, mirroring the rocky coastline which poses threats to successful, strategic surveying and quality results. Marine Imaging Technologies worked with Eastern Search and Survey to develop an innovative survey system that allowed flexibility and pliability for small boat, deeper water, and limited crew operations. This paper discusses the goals, challenges, and results of this project and looks at ways forward on similar missions partnering with DPAA to account for MIA service members.</p>","PeriodicalId":43114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime Archaeology","volume":"216 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141151437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rock-Cut Slipways and Slipping Techniques at Dana Island Shipyard","authors":"Hakan Öniz, Semih Büyükkol","doi":"10.1007/s11457-024-09394-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-024-09394-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the great recent discoveries in maritime archaeology was the discovery, in 2015, of a hitherto unknown shipyard in the Cilicia Region. Approximately 294 slipways/shipsheds were found on Dana Island (<i>Pitusu-Pityoussa</i>) in eastern Rough Cilicia (<i>Cilicia Trachea)</i>, on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Recent studies carried out in 2023 on the island have added to our knowledge of the techniques of landing and servicing vessels, while also uncovering an additional small slipway at this location. Some of the rock-cut slipways for the ships have modestly sized rock-cut constructions behind or between them, and these have been interpreted as service areas for the tenders to the mother ships. These features may indicate that maintenance of both the ship and tender was carried out simultaneously. The rock-cut slipways on Dana Island have different characteristics and range considerably in type and size, implying the use of different slipping techniques at various periods. A number of these features are present on other known ancient slipways in the Mediterranean, such as Rhtymna, Eulimna and Matalon (Crete), Tell Dor (Israel), and Apollonia (Cyrenaica-Libya).</p>","PeriodicalId":43114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime Archaeology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James P. Delgado, Michael L. Brennan, Emily Stokes, Daniel Wagner
{"title":"A Forgotten Maritime Highway: Maritime Cultural Heritage of the Emperor Seamounts with Implications for High Seas Conservation","authors":"James P. Delgado, Michael L. Brennan, Emily Stokes, Daniel Wagner","doi":"10.1007/s11457-024-09389-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-024-09389-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article seeks to complement efforts to summarize information on the exceptional natural significance of the Emperor Seamounts. The human history of the Emperor Seamounts is culturally diverse and spans thousands of years. This ranges from indigenous cultures to the period of European colonial exploration and expansion to the rise of the modern global economy and its impact on the area through the hunting of marine mammals, fishing, and the transportation of commodities across these remote waters on ships. Some of these vessels were wrecked or disappeared, and may rest on the seabed of the Emperor Seamounts. Understanding this human history is critical in approaching the assessment, ongoing study, public outreach and management of this remote region, which has been highlighted as one of the most important areas beyond national jurisdiction to protect globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":43114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime Archaeology","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tânia Manuel Casimiro, Christopher Dostal, Filipe Castro, Ana Almeida, Ivone Magalhães, Elsa Teixeira, Elisa Frias-Bulhosa
{"title":"Metal Objects Were Much Desired: A Sixteenth-Century Shipwreck Cargo off the Coast of Esposende (Portugal) and the Importance of Studying Ship Cargos","authors":"Tânia Manuel Casimiro, Christopher Dostal, Filipe Castro, Ana Almeida, Ivone Magalhães, Elsa Teixeira, Elisa Frias-Bulhosa","doi":"10.1007/s11457-024-09388-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-024-09388-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During winter storms in 2014 and 2017, strong waves exposed hundreds of timbers and artefacts at the Belinho beach, in the North of Portugal. These ship remains were later discovered to belong to a 16th-century shipwreck, probably originating from Northern Europe. This paper aims to discuss the importance of cargo analysis through the study of the material culture associated with that site, consisting mainly of hundreds of pewter, brass, lead, iron, and stone artefacts. Most of these objects seem to have belonged to the ship’s cargo and are tied to a European trade system reflecting economic, cultural, and symbolic behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":43114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime Archaeology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140170875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Locating and Mapping Archaeological Rice Cultivation Artifacts Associated with the Gullah Geechee Tradition Using Visual Observations and Side Scan Sonar","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11457-024-09387-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-024-09387-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Rice cultivation on southern plantation landscapes was a mainstay and major cash crop along the southeast coastal region of the United States in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The workforce involved in growing rice was primarily enslaved Africans and freed African Americans of the Gullah Geechee culture, whose ancestors were forcibly brought over from West Africa, often due to their superior knowledge of rice cultivation. Today, in the tidal regions of major rivers from Florida to North Carolina, the vestiges of complex canal and waterway systems engineered for rice cultivation are still evident today. Within these systems, there are various wood-built, water-control structures in the form of structural dike supports, floodgates and sluices, levee repairs, bulkheads and boat landings. In this study, a combination of visual observations using non-motorized vessels, combined with a customized side scan sonar system designed specifically for shallow water surveys, was used to identify and map dozens of artifacts within the shallow canal and waterway systems of Eagles Island, North Carolina, where there is historical evidence of significant rice growing in the region. The study focused on the northern third of the island, where rice fields are essentially intact, and was designated Eagles Island Rice District. The results of the 2-year study identified 45 rice-related archaeological structures being discovered, in addition to a nineteenth century watercraft. The novel and effective survey techniques employed in this study can be adopted elsewhere within the southeastern United States to locate, map and preserve the knowledge and engineering expertise of the Gullah Geechee, upon whom the region’s economic success depended.</p>","PeriodicalId":43114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime Archaeology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140170739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hallgjerd H. Ravnås, Thomas M. Olsen, Wiktor W. Weibull, Håkon Reiersen, Massimiliano Ditta, Arild S. Vivås
{"title":"Marine Geophysical Survey of a Medieval Shipwreck in Shallow Waters Using an Autonomous Surface Vehicle: A Case Study from Avaldsnes, Norway","authors":"Hallgjerd H. Ravnås, Thomas M. Olsen, Wiktor W. Weibull, Håkon Reiersen, Massimiliano Ditta, Arild S. Vivås","doi":"10.1007/s11457-023-09384-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-023-09384-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study demonstrates the successful use of a single-channel chirp system mounted on an Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) for detecting and mapping a partly buried medieval ship found in water approximately one meter (m) deep in a dynamic, intertidal environment at Avaldsnes, south-western Norway. The ASV's fast mobilization and access to areas otherwise difficult to reach, makes it an efficient, low-cost, and non-invasive platform for examining the seafloor and subsurface with high-resolution seismic data, acquired in a dense grid. Line spacing of 0.25 m allowed for the generation of a detailed 3D data cube, enabling effective interpretation of both acoustic vertical sections and horizontal amplitude maps. This approach empowered accurate identification of the outline of the wooden hull and provided information about ship dimensions and maximum burial depth. Structural elements observed in the geophysical datasets, including the keelson, raiders, and maststep, corroborates with findings from previous diving investigations and photogrammetry documentation. Moreover, the geophysical survey offers valuable additional knowledge of the buried ship remains, revealing a slight tilt of the keel and a substantial object buried in close proximity to the stern, probably the rudder or another wreck-related artefact.</p>","PeriodicalId":43114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime Archaeology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139498855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Site Formation Process Studies as Aircraft Site Identification: A WWII-Era Flying Boat Case Study","authors":"James Pruitt, Jennifer F. McKinnon","doi":"10.1007/s11457-023-09383-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-023-09383-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Compared to the study of shipwrecks, the investigation of submerged aircraft is relatively recent in underwater archaeology. With the passing of time and the addition of World War II (WWII) sites to historical registers, the inclusion of aircraft in the Sunken Military Craft Act of 2004, and the continued expansion of the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency’s (DPAA) mission to recover lost pilots and crew, these studies have become increasingly important to a variety of stakeholders. Site formation process (SFP) studies stipulate that a crucial aspect of the accurate investigation and interpretation of a site first requires a thorough understanding of the processes that created and subsequently altered the site. For terrestrial archaeologists and maritime archaeologists studying shipwreck sites, a well-established database of such knowledge already exists. For submerged aircraft, however, this database is small, yet growing. This paper will contribute to the understanding and interpretation of submerged aircraft sites through the study of the processes that created and subsequently affected a submerged WWII-era PB2Y Coronado aircraft located in Tanapag Lagoon, Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Archaeological and historical evidence is examined through the lens of SFP studies to identify the specific aircraft, determine its cause of crash, and understand cultural and natural factors that have impacted the site and may affect it today.</p>","PeriodicalId":43114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime Archaeology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139414093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Natali Pearson: Belitung: The Afterlives of a Shipwreck","authors":"M. Manders","doi":"10.1007/s11457-023-09386-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-023-09386-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime Archaeology","volume":"14 3","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139444091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}