International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing the Role of Urban Open Space in Supporting the Increasing of Public Awareness and Compliance with Health Protocols during the Pandemic","authors":"H. Hetyorini, J. Ekawati","doi":"10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1036","url":null,"abstract":"The level of the spread of covid-19, which is still high in the city of Semarang, indicates the low level of public awareness in complying with health protocols. The role of urban open space in Semarang City needs to be optimized to support this effort by adding several facilities that did not exist before the pandemic, so that people comply with health protocols, wear masks, wash their hands frequently and maintain physical distance when carrying out their social activities. The aim of this study is to determine how to optimize the role of public open space in supporting efforts to maintain the health of urban communities based on public awareness in complying with health protocols when doing activities. The research was conducted in three open spaces in Semarang, Indonesia, using survey methods and a descriptive qualitative analysis by observing the physical condition of the park, the behavior of the people in doing their activities, and park management officers. The results show that the three locations are now equipped with supporting facilities, but they are less effective in forcing people to remain obedient when doing activities. The level of public awareness and compliance has not met expectations and most of the people are still ignorant. Therefore, there is still a need to add more attractive and more massive facilities and to give more socialisations so that urban open spaces can be safe and healthy locations to visit as well as to play a more optimal role in improving people's physical and mental health during the pandemic","PeriodicalId":43031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45716405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Algae in Built Environment and Green Cities: A Holistic approach towards Sustainability","authors":"Imran Ahmad, N. Abdullah, I. Koji, S. E. Mohamad, Anas Al-Dailami, A. Yuzir","doi":"10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1039","url":null,"abstract":"The changing lifestyle, urbanization, and depletion of non-renewable resources to match the ever-increasing energy demand are causing a pessimistic impact on the environment. The cities are responsible for 75% of carbon emissions and about 60-80% of the energy consumption globally, causing a precarious situation because they only constitute 3% of the earth’s land. Urbanization makes the cities vulnerable due to the changing climatic conditions and possibilities of natural deserts disasters, thereby compelling the researchers to go for planning building green and resilient cities. Green cities are imperative in resisting the environmental crisis and assure a sustainable future for the upcoming generations. The pivotal role for the green cities is played by the renewable sources of energy. Therefore, solar and wind energy systems were employed, but eventually these renewable energy systems are associated with cost and pollution issues.  This led to the paradigm-shifting towards algae as a third-generation feedstock and it is expected to become a potential source of green energy and environment due to the following advantages: (i) sequestration of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs), (ii) they can be easily and rapidly cultured and bioengineered, (iii) they can utilize the wastewater as a source of nutrients for its cultivation,  (iv) their growth does not depend upon the geography and climate, and (v) algal biomass can be processed into biofuels (biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas etc) and other useful bioproducts (biofertilizer & biochar). This review paper incorporates the role of microalgal bioreactive façades (algae powered buildings) in the simultaneous mitigation of environment and energy production, contributing to green cities. Since the importance of Urban Green Space (UGS) is imperative for green cities, its functions and role during the critical period of the pandemic are also explained together with the efficient and viable biofoundry approach of converting algal blooms in urban water bodies to energy and useful products.","PeriodicalId":43031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47800875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Covid-19 Pandemic: Impacts on the Hospital Environment and Spatial Design","authors":"Nur Faridatull Syafinaz Ahmad Tajudin, Rohayah Che Amat","doi":"10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-2.1017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-2.1017","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 is the most significant pandemic that happened at the end of 2019, where the first confirmed case was reported in Wuhan, China. Given the high population and economic activities in cities, there are always possibilities for Covid-19 to spread widely. Hence, the impacts in the urban area are much bigger affected by this pandemic. The fact that existing hospital design raises concerns and questions among people across the globe regarding the hospital capacity and lack of flexibility to accommodate sudden surges of patients due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Previous studies showed that hospital spatial design and organization are crucial and impact users’ perceptions and experiences from multiple stakeholders. The scholars argue that the concept of restorative environment is rarely defined and some of the initiatives either focused on daily life in hospitals or broad terms about hospital architecture, layout, and interior design. The overview on the impact of Covid-19 towards hospital environment, hospital spatial design and its relationship through content analysis, and pilot survey as the groundwork are significant features to be discovered in this paper.  This paper focuses on the existing hospital spatial design principles through the effectiveness and efficiency of current hospital planning design during the pandemic. The result indicates that the empirical principles contribute to hospital planning and design quality and call for further research.","PeriodicalId":43031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46104729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-evaluating the ‘good city’ from (post)pandemic Southeast Asia","authors":"T. Bunnell, Nikhil Sambamurthy","doi":"10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-2.1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-2.1007","url":null,"abstract":"Arising from a keynote presentation given at the third Sustainable Design for Liveable Cities (SUDLiC) conference on “Sustainable Cities for All” in 2021, this short commentary considers some implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for urban futures. In particular, we take responses to the pandemic in cities in Southeast Asia as a set of resources for re-evaluating prevailing conceptions of the “good city” – now, and into the future. While initial responses understandably focused on the management of public health and safety, it has been recognised that pandemic times more widely have provided an opportunity for planning priorities to be “reset” (Martinez and Short, 2021). What has that meant across a region as diverse as Southeast Asia in terms of both governmental capacity and levels of economic development? What roles have been played during the pandemic by experts/authorities on the one hand, and “ordinary” city inhabitants on the other? And what do varied performances of these roles over the past two years tell us about possibilities for the post-pandemic city? These are among the key questions that guide our deliberation of future urban prospects in and beyond (post-)pandemic Southeast Asia.","PeriodicalId":43031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42862694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Design Initiatives in Drought-prone Areas dealing increasing Water Demand as Pandemic Covid-19 Impact","authors":"S. P. Dewi, Rosa Calista Prihestiwi","doi":"10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-2.1027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-2.1027","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic becomes a primary issue in urban development that requires several supporting facilities and infrastructures to handle. The adequate water supply to ensure the washing hand and bathing as part of health protocol implementation is crucial for drought-prone areas. Meanwhile, the government strategies on drought handling by assisting the water trucks are considered a temporary solution. Hence, this study examines urban design initiatives to deal with Covid-19 impact on the water sector, particularly in Semarang drought-prone areas. The research used a quantitative method by overlaying physical variables such as the soil type, slope, and water supply coverage to determine the drought level map. Afterward, the drought level compared with the population growth and community's economic capacity to describe the area's vulnerability.  Besides, the existing drought handling strategies were analyzed to examine the impact. This study utilized secondary data such as the government institution websites as well as Google maps. The analysis results point out that most of drought-prone areas did not serve by government water service and relied on the community-based water supply system. In addition, 25% of the inhabitants are categorized as a low-income community, so that they prefer to take water from the river or spring than have to expend more to buy the water. Meanwhile, the existing initiatives on drought handling did not have significant impacts because of a lack of knowledge and unclear regulation. The Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) concept has already been adopted, yet the implementation was still small-scale and unsustained. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the physical, socio-economic, and political aspects in implementing the drought handling initiatives.","PeriodicalId":43031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44532948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape Design Toward Covid-19 in the Old Town Semarang, Indonesia","authors":"R. Kurniati, W. Kurniawati, D. I. Kusumo Dewi, Endah Kartika Syahri","doi":"10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1032","url":null,"abstract":"A significant increase in Covid-19 cases worldwide disrupted many sectors. The virus transmission through the air requires that people limit outdoor activities and apply social distancing. However, outdoor activities cannot be avoided because it is how people meet their daily needs. The urban landscape design arrangement is crucial, especially in public spaces. Old Town Semarang is a location with the potential for high outdoor activities, especially tourism. CCTV data shows that tourists could reach up to 500 people per day, and the average visitor does a comply with health protocols. This is worsened by the unadopted landscape conditions in this area to the current pandemic conditions. Therefore, a landscape design approach is needed to adapt to visitors' needs and minimize virus transmission. This research examined the effect of landscape design on Covid-19 in the Old Town area. Data were collected on the existing landscape conditions, cultural heritage, and the distribution of positive Covid-19 cases and analyzed using spatial analysis, design simulation, and quantitative descriptive. The results were presented as simulation or landscape design recommendations according to cultural heritage elements and health protocols. The recommendations are a division of activity zones with a visitor quota system, and optimization of health facilities, signage for physical distance, as well as a clean and healthy lifestyle for visitors.","PeriodicalId":43031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44236656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation of the Pedestrian Walkways Design along the Trans Semarang Bus Corridor to COVID-19","authors":"D. I. Kusumo Dewi, A. R. Rakhmatulloh, Endah Kartika Syahri","doi":"10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1033","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 cases continue to increase in Indonesia, with an estimated value of 719,000 and an 8.37% mortality rate, due to the severity and potency of the deadly disease. One of the provinces that mostly contributes to the high mortality rate is Central Java, especially in populous areas like Semarang City. The spread of the virus occurs through direct contact between humans, forcing physical and social distances to become more important, especially in public spaces. Based on these conditions, city planning experts reportedly suggests a public space re-design process, adaptable to the current pandemic conditions, in order to provide a comfortable, safer, and sustainable urban life. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the integration of the mass transportation system (the Bus Trans Semarang) with the readjustment and redesign potentials of pedestrian walkways, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. For the past two years, the development of pedestrian walkways has become an integral part of the Semarang City Government, in order to realize a sustainable transportation system. Furthermore, the pandemic has presently made pedestrian walkways less functional, due to public concerns on its spread in external areas. The retrieval spatial-based data of this study focused on the bus stops for the Trans Semarang Bus Corridor, which were potential points for the emergence of walking activities. The method used in the measurement of pedestrian activity included behavioral mapping and urban design analysis. This was to identify the pedestrian design indicators that were adaptive to the pandemic conditions. The simulation methods also assisted the data visualization process, by using spatial applications such as ArcGIS and Sketchup. After this, the calculation of the capacity was carried out, to determine the maximum limit of the available spaces. The results were in the form of indicators, such as additional width, lane division, as well as provision of health and hygiene facilities. These were the main recommendations applied on the pedestrian walkways' environmental characteristics, at various points in Semarang City.","PeriodicalId":43031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45284042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recreation as a Social Factor in Urban Development: A Response to Covid-19 Pandemic in Greater Jos, Nigeria","authors":"P. Wash, Shida Irwana Omar, B. Mohamed, M. Isa","doi":"10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1042","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of recreation cannot be overemphasised. Recreation refers to an activity that people engage in during their free time, and it is socially-inclined and has attendant values.  Inaccessibility to recreational areas affects the social wellbeing of residents, who will not have a sense of belonging when it comes to community development, hence a response to Covid-19.  Taking Greater Jos (Nigeria) as a case study, this paper assesses the social factors with regard to the provision of recreational facilities. The study also identified and mapped out recreational areas using the geographical positioning system. A questionnaire survey was conducted amongst the residents, age fifteen and above to authentically gauge their opinions on the study and, adopting stratified-random sampling considering the ten sectors according to the Greater Jos Master Plan. Results revealed that the residents had a good level of awareness of the presence of recreational facilities and high-quality recreational facilities, which were found mostly within the core of the city. The facilities fostered a high level of family and community bonding. However, the distance of recreational activity areas from their place of residence was what was rather disappointing for most people. Thus, the recent Covid-19 pandemic demand of social distancing negates social inclusion. The emphasis on social orientation and effective social inclusion of disadvantaged groups was conspicuously pronounced. Thus, appropriate and easy access to recreational facilities for all genders and ages must be provided closer to the people for effective services to promote their social lives and weaken the Covid-19 repulsive protocol.","PeriodicalId":43031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44108485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Green Space for Sustainable Environmental Health in Relation to Pandemic Crises","authors":"Ali Saifuddin Nor Azhar, Mohd. Ramzi Mohd. Hussain, I. Tukiman","doi":"10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-2.1029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-2.1029","url":null,"abstract":"Trace the timeline of a pandemic such as Ebola, SARS, and SARS-CoV-2. All these extremely infectious viruses led to a worldwide pandemic starting in 2002. All these three viruses are transmitted to humans by animals from the jungle. The novel human coronavirus COVID-19 is now the fifth documented pandemic since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Questions about pandemics are on the rise these days, and it is widely discussed in the media. Recently, awareness about urban green spaces is rising in this era, and numerous researchers claim that appropriate landscape planning and design with the conception of sustainability able to produce a beneficial and responsive environment for healthy urban improvement in relation to pandemic crises. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of urban green spaces for sustainable environmental health. The result shows that the role of urban green spaces improves immune system function, increases social capital and cohesion, reduces mortality, and increases life expectancy, reduces potential negative health impacts, and makes urban beautification healthier. In addition, the finding shows the benefits of urban green spaces in pandemics, for example improving mental health and stress reduction, improving physical health, decreasing the risk of disease transmission, and improving social cohesion.","PeriodicalId":43031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43211497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological Framework of Structured Case Study in Urban Morphology: Preparedness to Pandemic from Theory Building","authors":"N. Harun, S. A. Mohamed, Norhaya Jaafar","doi":"10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-3.1035","url":null,"abstract":"The morphological patterns of the Malay town are analysed using three main elements of urban form: road networks, building plots, and open space. However, considering the physical aspects of a city, as well as the impact of geography, social, economic, and political forces, allows us to establish a city's particular character, which may be altered by multiple socioeconomic changes brought on by the pandemic. There are few well-documented systematic procedures for examining the morphological changes associated with Malay settlement features, implying considerable differences in the approaches used. By describing techniques and analysing the urban form, this article aims to spark discussion on what an antifragile built environment might look like. It also aims to shed light on how to create dynamic pseudo adaptability in the old and historic town, particularly in terms of scale, urban morphology, and social life, by establishing a systematic analytical framework for the analysis of urban morphology. To exemplify the process of building the methodological structure, a single case study was undertaken in Kota Bharu's Old Settlement Zone. The case study is subdivided into four sections: a) conceptual structure, b) case study design framework, and c) mapping research framework. It is defined through an iterative process that described the specifics of crucial features to establish an extensive methodological framework for the Malay settlement by thoroughly developing and scrutinising methodological processes. Because the current pandemic is sharpening our understanding of the link between local and global action, as well as the power inherent in the application of professional and technical knowledge and practice, this paper hoped to help with the development of policies and guidelines, as well as the evaluation of proposals for post-pandemic urban morphological assessments.","PeriodicalId":43031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48224042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}