Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology最新文献

Investigating undergraduate students ability in solving calculus problems using microsoft maths solver application 利用微软件数学求解器应用程序调查本科生解决微积分问题的能力

Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.4314/cajost.v5i3.16

Sophia O. Ezimadu, F. Okwonu

引用次数: 0

Isolation and identification of fungal diseases infecting carrot plants in Sokoto State of Nigeria 尼日利亚索科托州胡萝卜植物真菌病害的分离与鉴定

Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.4314/cajost.v5i3.9

R. M. Sokoto, Sanusi Muhammad, Habsatu Shehu, A. Muhammad

{"title":"Isolation and identification of fungal diseases infecting carrot plants in Sokoto State of Nigeria","authors":"R. M. Sokoto, Sanusi Muhammad, Habsatu Shehu, A. Muhammad","doi":"10.4314/cajost.v5i3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajost.v5i3.9","url":null,"abstract":"Carrot plants are often afflicted with myriad of diseases that tend to lessen their eventual yield. With the increasing pressure to provide food for the world sever growing population there is need to curtail the adverse effect of these diseases. This study was aimed at investigating the epidemiological prevalence of some fungal diseases effecting carrot vegetables in selected areas in Sokoto state. To realize these, diseased carrots picked from the study areas were investigated to identify the pathogens affecting them. The carrot samples (leaves and roots) were collected from Moreh, Badageni and Ruggar Liman farm areas for fungal isolation and identification. The result revealed ten fungal species from six genera of Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Mucor, Alternaria and Acremonium. Out of the fungal species isolated, Fusarium oxysporum was found to have the highest frequency of occurrence with 31.87% and Acremonium strictum had the least with (1.10%). All the farms had one pathogen or the other and are present in both the leaves and roots. Badageni farm had the highest occurrence of the isolates mostly on the leaves followed closely by Moreh farm. The findings revealed that carrots in Sokoto were susceptible to fungal attacks, and Fusarium species appeared to be the most active of all pathogens associated with the fungal diseases as such, carrots should be well washed and if possible cooked well before eating.","PeriodicalId":430090,"journal":{"name":"Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Algorithm for allocating virtual computers in energy-friendly cloud data centers 在能源友好型云数据中心分配虚拟计算机的算法

Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.4314/cajost.v5i3.4

Garba Muhammad, Samaila Shuaibu

{"title":"Algorithm for allocating virtual computers in energy-friendly cloud data centers","authors":"Garba Muhammad, Samaila Shuaibu","doi":"10.4314/cajost.v5i3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajost.v5i3.4","url":null,"abstract":"A huge proportion of centres that consume a lot of power, skyrocketing operating costs, and emit a disproportionate amount of carbon dioxide appeared due to the constantly increasing need for processing capacity. This necessitates finding a better approach to handling the energy crisis. This paper proposes a solution to address the energy crisis in cloud data centres, which consume a significant amount of power and emit a large amount of carbon dioxide. A power-conscious simulated engine allocation to physical machines reduces power consumption while maintaining an effective Class of Use. The proposed method is compared with other existing methods such as the Genetic Algorithm (GA), Modified Best Fit Decreasing Algorithm (MBFD), Random Selection (RS), and Minimum Migration Time (MMT) in terms of power usage. The proposed method outperforms the MBFD and GA procedures, showing an 8.55% and 46.81% improvement in power usage, respectively. The MBFD and GA procedures consume 389.5 and 812 kilowatts of energy, while the proposed method reduces this energy consumption. The proposed method is validated using the CloudSim simulator, which demonstrates its success as the fastest and most intelligent procedure compared to other methods. Additionally, the proposed method addresses the burdened host challenge quickly and provides valuable insights for future research by utilizing deep learning approaches.","PeriodicalId":430090,"journal":{"name":"Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139624113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of some biochemical parameters in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients attending Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto 索科托乌斯马努-丹福迪约大学教学医院慢性肾病 (CKD) 患者的一些生化指标评估

Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.4314/cajost.v5i3.2

Zainab. B. Hassan, Sahabi. D. Mahuta, Rabiu. A. Umar, Mohammad. A. Makusidi

{"title":"Assessment of some biochemical parameters in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients attending Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto","authors":"Zainab. B. Hassan, Sahabi. D. Mahuta, Rabiu. A. Umar, Mohammad. A. Makusidi","doi":"10.4314/cajost.v5i3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajost.v5i3.2","url":null,"abstract":"In chronic kidney disease (CKD), inadequate and poor nutrition are important factors affecting the outcome and recovery from disease and injury. This study was designed to assess some nutritional indices of patients with CKD attending UDUTH Sokoto. Seventy-five CKD patients and twenty-five controls were recruited, parameters such as serum albumin, total protein, haemoglobin, vitamin D, zinc and copper were determined using standard methods. A significant (P<0.05) increase in Urea, Creatinine, Uric acid, phosphate, copper and potassium was observed in the patients as compared to the controls. There was a significant (P< 0.05) decrease in sodium, chloride, calcium, bicarbonate and albumin of the patients when compared to the control. However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) observed in the total protein levels of the patients and the control. Therefore, these assessed parameters plays important role for the screening of malnutrition in CKD patents and if this is established, nutritional intervention can be made to these patients to minimize or prevent the advances of malnutrition problems in the CKD patients.","PeriodicalId":430090,"journal":{"name":"Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139624119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mathematical modelling of transmission dynamics of Marburg virus with effective quarantine approach 采用有效检疫方法建立马尔堡病毒传播动态数学模型

Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.4314/cajost.v5i3.3

Jacob D. Washachi, John A. Amoka, Hycienth O. Orapine, Ali A. Bai̇du

引用次数: 0

Antidiarrhoeal and anti-emetic activities of aqueous leaf extract of Ficus thonningii Blume in young chicks 榕树叶水提取物对幼雏的止泻和止吐活性

Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.4314/cajost.v5i3.8

Rabiu G. Tijjani, Bilyaminu Abubakar, N. Aminu, A. Muntaka, Saida M. Sani, Ibrahim A. Nasir, Milicent L. Umar

{"title":"Antidiarrhoeal and anti-emetic activities of aqueous leaf extract of Ficus thonningii Blume in young chicks","authors":"Rabiu G. Tijjani, Bilyaminu Abubakar, N. Aminu, A. Muntaka, Saida M. Sani, Ibrahim A. Nasir, Milicent L. Umar","doi":"10.4314/cajost.v5i3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajost.v5i3.8","url":null,"abstract":"Treatments for diarrhoeal and vomiting with modern drugs have been associated with unwanted effects such as sedation and extrapyramidal effects. In this study, Ficus thonningii Blume leaf extract (FTE) was investigated for its anti-diarrhoeal and anti-emetic properties. Two study groups, namely anti-diarrhoeal and anti-emetic groups (n=36), were sorted into: placebo; drug-treatment, and 3 plant-extract treatment (FT100, FT200 and FT300) subgroups (n = 6). In the placebo group, chicks were administered only saline solution (0.9 %) while chlorpromazine (150 mg/kg) and loperamide (2.5 mg/kg) served as positive control in the anti-emetic and antidiarrhoeal study groups, respectively. The plant-extract treatment groups (FT100, FT200 and FT300) were treated with 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg doses of FTE, respectively. Vomiting was induced using oral copper sulphate solution (50 mg/kg) and chicks were observed for latency as-well-as number of retches. In the anti-diarrhoea study group, 30 mins after treatment with extracts, diarrhoea was induced with oral castor oil and latency as-well-as number of defecation was observed. Results revealed that treatment with 200 and 300 mg/kg of FTE, similar to chlorpromazine, inhibited the number of retching in chicks by 71% and 78%, respectively. Treatment with 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg of FTE, similar to loperamide, reduced the number of droppings in chicks by 45.4%, 42.9%, and 58.4%, respectively. Thus, the results showed that FTE possess anti-emetic and anti-diarrhoeal properties which qualifies it a potential research candidate in search of new drugs.","PeriodicalId":430090,"journal":{"name":"Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139624829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethnobotanical study on medicinal wild plants sold at the Brikama market in The Gambia 关于冈比亚布里卡马市场上出售的药用野生植物的人种植物学研究

Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.4314/cajost.v5i3.13

A. Kargbo

{"title":"Ethnobotanical study on medicinal wild plants sold at the Brikama market in The Gambia","authors":"A. Kargbo","doi":"10.4314/cajost.v5i3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajost.v5i3.13","url":null,"abstract":"Herbal markets, in turn, not only supply herbal treatment for diseases but also conserve biocultural diversity by transferring traditional knowledge to future generations This study aimed to document the vernacular names and therapeutic uses of wild medicinal plants sold and used by Brikama people in The Gambia's West Coast Region. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted to document the wild medicinal plants sold at the Brikama market. The study was carried out between June and July 2023 using semi-structured interviews with 50 market vendors and 20 clients (laypeople) who uses traditional medicines from different age groups in Mandinka local language. The survey identified and recorded 71 plants species from 41 plant families, used for treating diseases in Brikama and its surroundings. The Fabaceae was the most represented plant family and most of the plants were trees and the leaves were the most commonly used plant part 51% followed by shrubs 38% and herbs 11%. The older generation primarily possesses knowledge about plant medicine, but youth should be encouraged to learn and preserve this knowledge through domestication, cultivation, and conservation measures.","PeriodicalId":430090,"journal":{"name":"Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139624895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhibition potential of extract of leaves of Sodom apple in the corrosion of mild steel in 1.0 M H2SO4 索多玛苹果叶提取物在 1.0 M H2SO4 溶液中抑制低碳钢腐蚀的潜力

Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.4314/cajost.v5i3.7

Thompson Izuagie, Shehu Umar, Kamaru M. Bashar

{"title":"Inhibition potential of extract of leaves of Sodom apple in the corrosion of mild steel in 1.0 M H2SO4","authors":"Thompson Izuagie, Shehu Umar, Kamaru M. Bashar","doi":"10.4314/cajost.v5i3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajost.v5i3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1.0 M sulphuric acid by extract of leaves of Sodom apple has been studied using gravimetric and surface analysis. Varying concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/mL) of the inhibitor in 1.0 M H2SO4 were prepared from residue of an ethanolic extract of the sample and were used for the corrosion inhibition study. The extracts were previously confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and screened for phytochemicals including tannins, saponins, and cardiac glycosides. The results for anticorrosion studies showed that the highest inhibition efficiency of the extract was 89.3% at 1.5 g/mL inhibitor concentration and a temperature of 323 K. Equally, the corrosion rate of the steel was observed to decrease with increase in the concentration of the extract. Scanning electron micrographs also indicated that the extract actually slows down the rate of corrosion of the steel. The study further suggests that the corrosion inhibition mechanism of the extract on steel in 1 M H2SO4 could be modelled using Freundlich isotherm and that the inhibition was by physisorption and formation of multilayers on the steel surface.","PeriodicalId":430090,"journal":{"name":"Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139625275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Catalytic conversion of castor seed oil to diesel range hydrocarbons using NiO –CuO catalyst supported on ZSM-5 使用 ZSM-5 上支撑的 NiO -CuO 催化剂催化蓖麻籽油转化为柴油系列碳氢化合物

Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.4314/cajost.v5i3.12

Mudassir Abubakar, A. M. Sokoto, Chika Muhammad, Muhammad Sirajo, Yaquba M. Sahabi

{"title":"Catalytic conversion of castor seed oil to diesel range hydrocarbons using NiO –CuO catalyst supported on ZSM-5","authors":"Mudassir Abubakar, A. M. Sokoto, Chika Muhammad, Muhammad Sirajo, Yaquba M. Sahabi","doi":"10.4314/cajost.v5i3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajost.v5i3.12","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-oils are an alternative fuel that can be produced from organic resources such as vegetable oils in which castor seed oil is an example. In this research work castor seed oil was converted to diesel range hydrocarbons using NiO-CuO/ZSM-5 as catalyst. The catalyst was synthesized using wet impregnation method which was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). The castor seed oil was extracted by using hot water stirring method. The extracted raw oil and catalytically cracked bio-oil were also characterized by FT-IR. The optimum yield of bio-oil 80.70 % was attained at the temperature of 300 0C, reaction time 60 mins and catalyst loading of 2 wt% respectively. The Bio-oil was also characterized using GC-MS to determine the molecular compositions of the raw, thermally and catalytically cracked bio-oil. However, this makes castor seed oil a good feedstock for bio-oil production with little modifications on its properties. This indicates that the products can be used as an alternative fuel in diesel engines.","PeriodicalId":430090,"journal":{"name":"Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139624889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Online anomaly detection with uncertainty estimation and concept drift adaptation using quantile regression 利用量子回归进行不确定性估计和概念漂移适应的在线异常检测

Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.4314/cajost.v5i3.14

A. I. Tambuwal, Habiba M. Sani

{"title":"Online anomaly detection with uncertainty estimation and concept drift adaptation using quantile regression","authors":"A. I. Tambuwal, Habiba M. Sani","doi":"10.4314/cajost.v5i3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajost.v5i3.14","url":null,"abstract":"Deep learning algorithms played an important role in big data applications that open other opportunities to study their applicability in anomaly detection. These algorithms are used in prediction-based anomaly detection methods for detection of anomalies in time series data. Various Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) structures particularly based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) or Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) have been reported to be used for time series anomaly detection. Despite the performance of these methods, they are affected using a fixed threshold, and the assumption of Gaussian distribution on the prediction error to identify anomalous values. In addition, these techniques do not consider uncertainty in their predictions that may lead to over-confident predictions especially when there is limited training data. This impression motivates our previous research work that proposed a new anomaly detection method called Deep Quantile Regression Anomaly Detection (DQR-AD) that used confidence interval to identify anomalies in time series. However, the speed at which the time series data arrives and the dynamic change of normal behavior in a non-stationary environment will affect the offline training of DQR-AD using historical data. To mitigate these problems, this paper proposed an online DQR-AD that will enable the adaptation of concept changes in the data. Experiments conducted indicate that online DQR-AD method has better performance than its counterpart methods with relatively 10% margin. This result demonstrates how concept drift adaptation strategies adopted in the proposed method improve the performance of anomaly detection in time series.","PeriodicalId":430090,"journal":{"name":"Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology","volume":" 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139624038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0