Cuaternario y Geomorfologia最新文献

{"title":"Datación en arqueología a través de la cultura material: cerámicas, epígrafes y monedas","authors":"Juan M. Campos Carrasco, Julian Gonzalez Fernández, Alicia Arévalo González, Javier Bermejo Meléndez","doi":"10.17735/cyg.v36i3-4.93656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v36i3-4.93656","url":null,"abstract":"El estudio de determinados artefactos, especialmente la cerámica, la moneda y las inscripciones, permite establecer dataciones relativas o absolutas por sí mismos. Las cerámicas pueden aportar dataciones con márgenes de una o dos décadas, caso de determinados sellos de alfareros o talleres de producción, e incluso absolutas gracias a la aparición de tituli picti. Por su parte, la epigrafía a través del estudio de las inscripciones posibilita en numerosos casos una datación absoluta, gracias a la información que recogen por escrito. Muestra de ello podrían ser las dataciones consulares o titulaciones imperiales que permiten conocer con total exactitud la fecha a la que hace mención el episodio o acontecimiento que recogen. La moneda es un documento continuo en el tiempo puesto que las series se suceden unas a otras, en algunos casos durante doscientos o trescientos años, o durante la vida de una ciudad como es el caso de Roma. Aunque en la moneda antigua no consta expresamente la fecha de acuñación, existen distintos procedimientos para su datación, debido a la variedad de emisiones existentes y a la información contenida en ellas. Es por tanto que, en el marco de las investigaciones arqueológicas, la información que aportan estos materiales en determinados contextos, ya sea gracias a la conjunción de los tres, ya sea por alguno de ellos, supone a día de hoy la principal fuente para el establecimiento de cronologías o dataciones en el campo de la Arqueología.","PeriodicalId":43008,"journal":{"name":"Cuaternario y Geomorfologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67592641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estratigrafía isotópica del último ciclo glaciar (MIS 4 - MIS 1): estadiales/interestadiales de Groenlandia; Eventos Dansgaard-Oescher y Eventos Heinrich","authors":"Teresa Bardají Azcárate, Javier Lario","doi":"10.17735/cyg.v36i3-4.94171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v36i3-4.94171","url":null,"abstract":"Los sondeos de hielo en los casquetes polares (Groenlandia y Antártida) han permitido profundizar en el conocimiento de los cambios climáticos registrados en los sondeos oceánicos profundos y el registro de los isótopos del oxígeno. La gran variedad de datos obtenidos, tanto a partir del análisis del hielo, como del aire atrapado en sus burbujas, hacen de los sondeos de hielo uno de los registros paleoclimáticos de mayor calidad. La variación de la relación isotópica del oxígeno (dO18), del deuterio (dD) y de otros elementos traza, unido a la gran precisión cronológica asociada al contaje de capas anuales y otros métodos de datación, han permitido establecer una escala cronológica de detalle para los MIS 4 a MIS 1, pobremente representados en los sondeos oceánicos. Los sondeos de hielo realizados en Groenlandia muestran una gran variabilidad climática a lo largo de este período de tiempo, identificándose eventos de calentamiento muy rápidos (eventos Dansgaard – Oeschger; Greenland interstadials) seguidos por enfriamientos más lentos (Greenland stadials), alguno de los cuales especialmente fríos (eventos Heinrich). La comparación de estos eventos con los registros coetáneos en latitudes medias permite interpretar la respuesta de diferentes medios sedimentarios ante dicha variabilidad climática. Como ejemplo se han seleccionado dos de dichos registros: un espeleotema de una cavidad kárstica y una secuencia sedimentaria poligénica.","PeriodicalId":43008,"journal":{"name":"Cuaternario y Geomorfologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46108209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"sistema sedimentario de las playas y campos dunares de la costa de Essaouira (Marruecos Atlántico)","authors":"S. Lharti, G. Flor-Blanco, German Santos Flor Rodríguez","doi":"10.17735/cyg.v36i1-2.91252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v36i1-2.91252","url":null,"abstract":"La costa central atlántica de Marruecos está constituida por playas arenosas disipativas de escala kilométrica y campos dunares asociados, principalmente fijados artificialmente, que puede sectorizarse en tres segmentos desde la ciudad de Essaouira hacia el N y el S. Estos conjuntos de playas y dunas se caracterizan desde la perspectiva sedimentaria mediante los parámetros granulométricos y del componente bioclástico, incluyendo su relación con el tamaño medio de grano, la distribución por fracciones de gruesos a finos y grupos biológicos principales. Con estos datos, se deducen cualitativamente las transferencias arenosas longitudinales y transversales como una parte de la deriva de playa y desde ésta a los campos dunares adyacentes, respectivamente. \u0000La costa central atlántica de Marruecos está constituida por playas arenosas disipativas de escala kilométrica y campos dunares asociados, principalmente fijados artificialmente, que puede sectorizarse en tres segmentos desde la ciudad de Essaouira hacia el N y el S. Estos conjuntos de playas y dunas se caracterizan desde la perspectiva sedimentaria mediante los parámetros granulométricos y del componente bioclástico, incluyendo su relación con el tamaño medio de grano, la distribución por fracciones de gruesos a finos y grupos biológicos principales. Con estos datos, se deducen cualitativamente las transferencias arenosas longitudinales y transversales como una parte de la deriva de playa y desde ésta a los campos dunares adyacentes, respectivamente.","PeriodicalId":43008,"journal":{"name":"Cuaternario y Geomorfologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49070428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine mammals fossil remains and synthesis of the sedimentary and paleontological record of the Furninha Cave Pleistocene (Peniche, Portugal)","authors":"S. Figueiredo, P. P. Cunha, I. S. Carvalho","doi":"10.17735/cyg.v36i1-2.89297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v36i1-2.89297","url":null,"abstract":"The Gruta da Furninha is a cave-site in Lower Jurassic limestones, of mainly marine genesis located at ~850 m SE of the Carvoeiro Cape, on the southern coast of the Peniche peninsula (central western mainland Portugal). The entrance gallery, situated in the middle of the cliff, is at ~15 m of altitude. This cave contained a rich and diverse fossiliferous set of Late Pleistocene vertebrates, distributed in several stratigraphic levels, currently housed at the Geological Museum of LNEG (Lisbon). The cave had a record of primitive human occupations documented by 106 Middle to Late Paleolithic artefacts, found in the lower lithostratigraphic unit (Pleistocene). It had also another human occupation in an upper unit (Neolithic, Holocene), where were found human skeleton elements and artefacts. This study focuses on two teeth previously identified as crocodile, housed in collections of the Geological Museum in the assemblages of the Furninha Cave and on a set of five bones, housed at Centro Português de Geo-História e Pré-História (CPGP) collected in a marine terrace in the Furninha cliff. The occurrence of crocodile remains in the Upper Pleistocene of Portugal is not consistent with the fossil record of this period or with the environmental conditions associated with the fully marine paleoenvironments around Furninha Cave. A more detailed analysis of these teeth and their stratigraphic location, now supports that they are cetacean teeth with ~80 ka, which is consistent with the fossil association, depositional environments and climate conditions of the Late Pleistocene in mainland Portugal. To add to these two teeth, in 2017 in sedimentary field work in the marine terraces on the cliffs of the Gruta da Furninha, at the level of 4 to 7 m, found five bones remains, which could be carpal bones of marine mammals.","PeriodicalId":43008,"journal":{"name":"Cuaternario y Geomorfologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49287270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summit typology and detailed geomorphological landscape units mapping through the application of direct and indirect methods. A case study in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park, Spain","authors":"Roberto García Esteban","doi":"10.17735/cyg.v36i1-2.89468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v36i1-2.89468","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the topography and the geomorphological characteristics of the central sector of the Sierra de Guadarrama (Spanish Central Range) from the point of view of the geomorphological landscape. Using Digital Elevation Models (DEM) and topographic maps, the aim is to supplement conventional geomorphological analysis by applying indirect morphometric methods for the detailed study of landforms through topographic analysis in order to obtain maps of diverse morphometric parameters, resulting in an exhaustive study, which is useful and revealing both in terms of geomorphology and of landscape. The morphometric maps obtained for each variable, such as the density of the dissection, the depth of the dissection and the energy of the relief, are overlaid on the derived maps from the DEM using Geographical Information System (GIS). Their analysis, using both indirect and direct methods during several field studies, in combination with the geology and the geomorphology of the study area, allows a more accurate study of the unit delimitation of the geomorphological landscape at a detailed scale. In a mountainous environment with smooth and apparently homogeneous summits, this detailed study of the geomorphological landscape shows the existence of different types of summits. The results are presented as a typology of summits and a map synthesizing the detailed units of geomorphological landscape that can be found in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Central Spain).","PeriodicalId":43008,"journal":{"name":"Cuaternario y Geomorfologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46357695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Los Villares locality (Ruidera, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain): a new Middle Pleistocene fossil assemblage from the Southern Iberian Plateau with possible evidence of human activity","authors":"Daniel García Martínez, M. Duval, Jianxin Zhao, Yue-Xin Feng, R. Wood, R. Huguet, Gabriel Cifuentes-Alcobendas, Carlos A. Palancar, Pedro R. Moya-Maleno","doi":"10.17735/cyg.v36i1-2.90422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v36i1-2.90422","url":null,"abstract":"We present the discovery of a Middle Pleistocene fossil assemblage at Los Villares (Ruidera, Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha), which has possible evidence of associated human activity. The potential of the site has been evaluated through multidisciplinary research including taxonomy, anatomy, deep learning, and direct dating of fossil remains. A surface study carried out in 2017, over a very limited area (2 m2) on the slope of one of the Ruidera lakes led to the discovery of more than 50 fossil specimens, including cranial (mainly teeth) and postcranial remains. This rich assemblage is dominated by the remains of Caprinae, although the presence of some small or medium carnivore remains also stands out. The identification of a cut mark, tested with Convolutional Neural Networks, suggests the presence of human activity within the bone assemblage. Several fossils were directly dated using a multi-technique approach involving radiocarbon, U-Th, and ESR methods. The results constrain the fossil assemblage to between 300 ka and 400 ka, positioning Los Villares as one of the first Middle Pleistocene localities identified in the Upper Guadiana basin, on the Southern edge of the Southern Iberian Plateau. These promising initial results show the great potential of the site to contribute to filling a gap of knowledge in the Pleistocene archaeo-paleontological record of the Iberian Peninsula. Nevertheless, we also acknowledge the need for systematic excavations in the future, not only to obtain a better idea of the lateral and stratigraphic extension of the fossil assemblage and its complete taxonomic composition but to confirm the human presence at the site.","PeriodicalId":43008,"journal":{"name":"Cuaternario y Geomorfologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46797670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of Ojo de Valjunquera cave (NE of Iberia) sediments for paleoflood reconstructions","authors":"Miguel Bartolomé Úcar, G. Benito, M. Luetscher, Juan Badules-Iglesias, Guillermo Pérez-Villar, R. Edwards, A. Moreno","doi":"10.17735/cyg.v35i3-4.89413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v35i3-4.89413","url":null,"abstract":"Speleothems and detrital deposits in caves are excellent archives of cave flood events but are still poorly exploited. In this study we evaluate, the potential of the Ojo de Valjunquera (Zaragoza, NE Spain) for the study of past floods based on geomorphological, topographical, hydrological, and chronological data. The cave comprises two subhorizontal levels. The lower level consists of a main horizontal conduit including six siphons. This level is connected to the upper one by shafts and ramps. That situation, together with the constrictions of the gallery in the lower level, favours the water rise during rainfall events. The upper level is characterized by a larger presence of speleothems and detrital sequences compared to the lower level. Current observations indicate that water can rise by ~9 m in some cave sectors during rainfall episodes >60 mm, although the hydraulic head rise is not homogeneous along the cave, depending on the section's morphology. The stalagmites and detrital sequences hosted in the upper gallery most likely contain evidence of extreme events of rainfall. However, geomorphological and sedimentological evidences also suggest that the cave outlet could have been blocked in the past by sediments, favouring the water rise to high places usually not affected by regular floods. The detrital sequences located in lower positions with respect to the cave entrance show a higher proportion of sandy sediments than those located in the higher sectors related to the water energy during the flood. Stalagmites show clean carbonate alternating with well-defined detrital layers. These detrital layers vary in thickness: the thinner ones are related to small floods, whereas the thicker ones are connected to large floods. Two important historical floods (1709 and 1755 CE) occurred in the area that coincide with distinct detrital layers recorded in the stalagmites. All these observations suggest that Ojo de Valjunquera cave contains an important paleoflood archive based on speleothems and detrital deposits during the Holocene.","PeriodicalId":43008,"journal":{"name":"Cuaternario y Geomorfologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48791975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cave mountain permafrost environments in Picos de Europa and their implications","authors":"M. Gómez‐Lende, Enrique Serrano Cañadas","doi":"10.17735/cyg.v35i3-4.89377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v35i3-4.89377","url":null,"abstract":"The thermal definition of permafrost can be attributed to a wide diversity of periglacial environments, one of which is ice caves. This study analyzes ice caves in relation to the thermal aspect of permafrost with the aim of describing ice caves with permafrost in the temperate high mountain of the Picos de Europa and their implications in the interpretation of ice caves as permafrost indicators. Ice caves provide the environmental conditions of mountain permafrost, with annual mean temperatures below 0ºC over several consecutive years and multiple perennial cryomorphologies. Ice caves are not found at sites where surface environments have permafrost, however endoclimatic features and cryomorphological elements indicate environments with permafrost in the upper part of the cavities currently entirely unrelated to surface climatic conditions. Based on endoclimate data and on landform types and cryomorphic processes, a classification is established unrelated to surface permafrost environments: cave mountain permafrost environment.","PeriodicalId":43008,"journal":{"name":"Cuaternario y Geomorfologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46200740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contexto crono-estratigráfico y cultural del conjunto lítico de Base Menacho (cuenca del río Guadiana, Badajoz, España): primeros resultados","authors":"Francisco Javier García-Vadillo, M. Duval, Antoni Canals-Salomó, Xosé-Pedro Rodríguez-Álvarez, J. G. Garriga, Eudald Carbonell-Roura","doi":"10.17735/cyg.v35i3-4.89904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v35i3-4.89904","url":null,"abstract":"En este trabajo presentamos el conjunto lítico de Base Menacho (Badajoz, España), documentado en un nivel sedimentario que cubre los depósitos aluviales de la terraza fluvial T3 +10-20 m sobre el cauce actual del río Zapatón, subafluente del río Guadiana en el sector de las Vegas Bajas (Badajoz, España). El conjunto se compone de 46 elementos líticos incluyendo lascas, núcleos y configurados. No se han identificado elementos líticos característicos que permitan una atribución firme a los tecnocomplejos de Modo 2 o 3. Ya que los elementos líticos fueron documentados en arenas finas y no muestran evidencias aparentes de marcas de abrasión, asumimos de forma preliminar la ausencia de transporte (o muy limitado). Estas observaciones sugieren que el conjunto se encuentra en posición primaria. La datación por Resonancia Paramagnética Electrónica (ESR) de una muestra de cuarzo procedente del nivel arqueológico proporciona una edad del enterramiento de 19,2 ± 1,7 ka (1σ). Teniendo en cuenta todas las fuentes de incertidumbre relativas al resultado, esta datación numérica permite: 1) correlacionar a Base Menacho con el Pleistoceno superior final y en particular con el estadio isotópico (MIS) 2; 2) establecer indirectamente la cronología de una industria lítica cuyas características poco resolutivas son similares a otros conjuntos relativamente poco estudiados documentados en contextos fluviales de la Península Ibérica; y 3) situar a Base Menacho en el Paleolítico superior, un período con escasas evidencias arqueológicas en el interior de la Península Ibérica. Aunque estos resultados preliminares prometedores demuestran el potencial interesante del conjunto lítico de Base Menacho, reconocemos también la necesidad de realizar una excavación arqueológica en un futuro próximo, para aumentar el tamaño del conjunto y obtener una mejor comprensión de su variabilidad y de los procesos de formación del yacimiento.","PeriodicalId":43008,"journal":{"name":"Cuaternario y Geomorfologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42872446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observaciones micromorfológicas en el yacimiento de la Cueva del Ángel (Lucena, Córdoba): resultados preliminares","authors":"Guadalupe Monge Gómez, María Isabel Carretero León, M. Pozo Rodríguez, Cecilio Barroso Ruíz, Francisco Ruiz Muñoz, María Luz González-Regalado Montero","doi":"10.17735/cyg.v35i3-4.89240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v35i3-4.89240","url":null,"abstract":"Se aplica la micromorfología de suelos a una selección de muestras procedentes del depósito endokárstico del yacimiento arqueológico del Pleistoceno medio (MIS 9-MIS 7) de la Cueva del Ángel, Lucena (Córdoba), con idea de obtener una primera aproximación a su caracterización deposicional, así como a ampliar información acerca de su evolución postdeposicional y de la influencia antrópica sobre el mismo. El depósito corresponde con una sedimentación detrítica como resultado fundamentalmente de procesos de aluvionamiento y escorrentía, mientras que los procesos postdeposicionales vienen dominados por procesos diagenéticos y bioturbación. Además de estos procesos geogénicos, también se constata desde el punto de vista micromorfológico, una importante afectación del sedimento por procesos antropogénicos. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":43008,"journal":{"name":"Cuaternario y Geomorfologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44529081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}