Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data最新文献_第2页

Study on the Thermodynamic Properties of Ionic Liquids 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium Halide with Isopropanol Mixtures 离子液体 1-己基-3-甲基咪唑卤化物与异丙醇混合物的热力学性质研究

IF 2 3区工程技术

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.4c0034310.1021/acs.jced.4c00343

Fangfang Li, Zhida Zuo, Bei Cao and Xiaoyan Ji*,

{"title":"Study on the Thermodynamic Properties of Ionic Liquids 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium Halide with Isopropanol Mixtures","authors":"Fangfang Li, Zhida Zuo, Bei Cao and Xiaoyan Ji*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jced.4c0034310.1021/acs.jced.4c00343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00343https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00343","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, densities and viscosities of the mixtures of ionic liquids (ILs) 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium halides ([C6mim]X, where X = Cl–, Br–, and I–) and isopropanol (IPA) were measured over the temperature ranging from 288.15 to 323.15 K to investigate the influence of anions, IL concentration, and temperature on the physical properties of the mixtures of ([C6mim]X + IPA). Excess volumes (VE) and viscosity deviations (Δη) were also calculated to study the nonideal behavior of ([C6mim]X + IPA). The VE and Δη values of ([C6mim]X + IPA) are negative over the whole compositional range at all temperatures, indicating that IPA molecules preferentially coordinate with IL ions to form more densely packed structures. In addition, the molar enthalpies of mixing (ΔmixH) for the mixtures were determined under 298.15 and 308.15 K, and the nonrandom two-liquid model along with the Gibbs–Helmholtz equation was introduced to describe ΔmixH for the studied systems. The mixtures of ([C6mim]Br + IPA) and ([C6mim]I + IPA) showed endothermic behavior within the full range of compositions, while the mixtures of ([C6mim]Cl + IPA) showed endothermic first and then changed to exothermic behavior with increasing IL mole fraction.","PeriodicalId":42,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","volume":"69 11","pages":"3794–3804 3794–3804"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00343","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermophysical Properties and Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures of Oxolane with 2-Alkoxyethanols Oxolane 与 2-烷氧基乙醇二元混合物的热物理性质和分子相互作用

IF 2 3区工程技术

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.4c0044910.1021/acs.jced.4c00449

Rubel Anwar, M. Mehedi Hasan Rocky, Jahidul Islam, M. Niamat Ullah, M. Kamrul Hossain, Faisal I. Chowdhury* and Ismail M. M. Rahman*,

{"title":"Thermophysical Properties and Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures of Oxolane with 2-Alkoxyethanols","authors":"Rubel Anwar, M. Mehedi Hasan Rocky, Jahidul Islam, M. Niamat Ullah, M. Kamrul Hossain, Faisal I. Chowdhury* and Ismail M. M. Rahman*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jced.4c0044910.1021/acs.jced.4c00449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00449https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00449","url":null,"abstract":"Densities (ρ), viscosities (η), and refractive indices (nD) have been measured for binary mixtures of oxolane (tetrahydrofuran, THF) with 2-alkoxyethanols (2-ethoxyethanol, EE; 2-butoxyethanol, BE) over the entire composition range and at temperatures from 298.15 to 323.15 K in 5 K increments. From these data, excess molar volume (VmE), thermal expansivity (α), excess thermal expansivity (αE), deviation in viscosity (Δη), free energy for the activation of viscous flow (ΔG≠) and its excess (ΔG≠E), and deviation in refractive index (ΔnD) were calculated. The variations in these properties with the composition and temperature indicate that cross-hydrogen bonding, chain length effects, and molecular packing play significant roles in both EE + THF and BE + THF systems. The measured ρ, η, and nD data were fitted to concentration-dependent polynomial equations, while excess properties (VmE, Δη, ΔG≠E, and ΔnD) were fitted to Redlich–Kister-type equations. Densities were additionally correlated using the Jouyban-Acree model. The correlating abilities of various viscosity models (McAllister three-body, McAllister four-body, and Ausländer) were also evaluated. Furthermore, density functional theory, a quantum mechanical approach, was used to assess intra- and intermolecular interactions within the binary mixtures.","PeriodicalId":42,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","volume":"69 11","pages":"3899–3913 3899–3913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibrium for the Ternary System NaVO3–KVO3–H2O at 298.15 K 298.15 K 时 NaVO3-KVO3-H2O 三元体系的固液相平衡

IF 2 3区工程技术

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.4c0039510.1021/acs.jced.4c00395

Honglin Xu, Yongsheng Deng, Xinyu Wang* and Ruilin Wang*,

{"title":"Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibrium for the Ternary System NaVO3–KVO3–H2O at 298.15 K","authors":"Honglin Xu, Yongsheng Deng, Xinyu Wang* and Ruilin Wang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jced.4c0039510.1021/acs.jced.4c00395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00395https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00395","url":null,"abstract":"The stable phase equilibrium of the ternary system NaVO3–KVO3–H2O at 298.15 K was investigated using the isothermal solution equilibrium method and the Schreinemaker wet residue method. The equilibrium liquid phase solubility data and physical property data [density (ρ), refractive index (nD), pH] were determined, and X-ray diffraction was utilized to verify the material composition of the equilibrium solid phase. Phase diagrams and physical property–composition diagrams were constructed based on the equilibrium solubility data and physical property data. The results show that the ternary system has a complex salt generation process with two invariant points, three univariate curves, and three crystalline phase regions corresponding to NaVO3·2H2O, KVO3, and Na2mKn(VO3)2m+n, respectively. The solid phase precipitated from a saturated NaVO3 solution at 298.15 K is NaVO3·2H2O, as confirmed by a comparison of experimental results and the literature. The chemical composition of the complex salt generated from the NaVO3–KVO3–H2O ternary system follows the general formula of the Na2mKn(VO3)2m+n complex salt proposed by Druzynski’s group, thereby validating the reliability of the present experiment. This study provides new experimental data for the preparation and separation of metavanadate.","PeriodicalId":42,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","volume":"69 11","pages":"4138–4143 4138–4143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probing into Volumetric and Acoustic Properties of Aqueous l-Ascorbic Acid in the Presence of Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate and Potassium Chloride 探究存在磷酸氢二铵和氯化钾的抗坏血酸水溶液的体积和声学特性

IF 2 3区工程技术

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.4c0039410.1021/acs.jced.4c00394

Prachiprava Mohapatra, Sneha Mohapatra, Monalisa Priyadarshini Panda, Chinmayee Mishra, Sulochana Singh* and Malabika Talukdar*,

{"title":"Probing into Volumetric and Acoustic Properties of Aqueous l-Ascorbic Acid in the Presence of Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate and Potassium Chloride","authors":"Prachiprava Mohapatra, Sneha Mohapatra, Monalisa Priyadarshini Panda, Chinmayee Mishra, Sulochana Singh* and Malabika Talukdar*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jced.4c0039410.1021/acs.jced.4c00394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00394https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00394","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of residual present-day high-grade fertilizers on human physiology. Volumetric and acoustic investigations on aqueous l-ascorbic acid (LAA) have been carried out in the presence of two fertilizers, potassium chloride (KCl) and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP), to explore and analyze the solvation behavior and molecular interactions occurring in the ternary solutions [LAA + KCl/DAP + water]. Analysis of various volumetric parameters like apparent molar volume (Vϕ), partial molar volume (Vϕ0), and partial molar expansibility (Eϕ0) indicates strong ion–solvent interaction. The magnitudes of Hepler’s constant mark LAA as a structure reformer in aqueous KCl and a structure breaker in aqueous DAP. Negative values of the apparent molar isentropic compressibility (Ks,ϕ) and its value at infinite dilution (Es,ϕ0) show the loss of compressibility of the hydration spheres in comparison to bulk water. Transfer values as well as ion pair and triplet interactions have been evaluated. Hydration numbers have also been assessed by using Passynski’s acoustic technique. Removal of water from solvation spheres by electrolyte ions is proposed. These findings establish the dominance of ion–ion and ion–hydrophilic interactions in the examined systems.","PeriodicalId":42,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","volume":"69 11","pages":"3842–3857 3842–3857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical Properties of Aqueous Piperazine + Glycine Solutions as Blended Absorbent for Carbon Dioxide Capture 作为二氧化碳捕获混合吸收剂的哌嗪+甘氨酸水溶液的物理性质

IF 2 3区工程技术

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.4c0013910.1021/acs.jced.4c00139

Kwanghwi Kim, Hyunji Lim, Jieun Kim, Gicheol Jeong, Jo Hong Kang, Hyun Sic Park, Jinwon Park, Sweety Verma* and Hojun Song*,

{"title":"Physical Properties of Aqueous Piperazine + Glycine Solutions as Blended Absorbent for Carbon Dioxide Capture","authors":"Kwanghwi Kim, Hyunji Lim, Jieun Kim, Gicheol Jeong, Jo Hong Kang, Hyun Sic Park, Jinwon Park, Sweety Verma* and Hojun Song*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jced.4c0013910.1021/acs.jced.4c00139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00139https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00139","url":null,"abstract":"The density, vapor pressure, and dynamic viscosity of piperazine (PZ) + glycine solutions were measured for various equimolal concentration ranges (mPZ and Gly = (0.501–3.009)) at 0.1 MPa pressure and temperature ranging from 303.15 to 353.15 K. The diffusion coefficient, thermal expansion coefficient, and viscosity activation energy values were computed based on the measured data of density and dynamic viscosity. These physical properties data would be of great significance for designing post-combustion CO2 capture systems utilizing PZ-based absorbent blended with aqueous amino acids solutions. The investigation of data on physical properties revealed that as the molality of the PZ-glycine solution increases, both the density and viscosity increase, whereas the vapor pressure decreases. Moreover, as the temperature rises, the density and dynamic viscosity decrease, while the vapor pressure increases.","PeriodicalId":42,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","volume":"69 11","pages":"3689–3697 3689–3697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Equilibrium Solubility Determination, Correlation, and Hansen Solubility Parameters of 2-[4-(Dibutylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl] Benzoic Acid in 12 Pure Solvents 2-[4-(Dibutylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl] Benzoic Acid 在 12 种纯溶剂中的平衡溶解度测定、相关性和汉森溶解度参数

IF 2 3区工程技术

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.4c0044510.1021/acs.jced.4c00445

Haoran Li, Shouxiang Jiang, Xiangyu Sun, Wenjun Xie, Chengfei Wang, Xin Huang, Xia Jiang, Yongjin Zou, Gengxiu Zheng* and Guan Wang*,

{"title":"Equilibrium Solubility Determination, Correlation, and Hansen Solubility Parameters of 2-[4-(Dibutylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl] Benzoic Acid in 12 Pure Solvents","authors":"Haoran Li, Shouxiang Jiang, Xiangyu Sun, Wenjun Xie, Chengfei Wang, Xin Huang, Xia Jiang, Yongjin Zou, Gengxiu Zheng* and Guan Wang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jced.4c0044510.1021/acs.jced.4c00445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00445https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00445","url":null,"abstract":"The solubility of 2-[4-(dibutylamino)-2-hydroxy-benzoyl] benzoic acid (BBA) was determined in 12 pure solvents using the static equilibrium method. The measurements were taken at temperatures ranging from 283.15 to 323.15 K. The results indicated a positive relationship between the solubility of BBA and the temperature in the 12 pure solvents, and BBA exhibited the highest solubility in n-propanol and the lowest solubility in n-heptane. In addition, the modified Apelblat, Van’t Hoff, λh, and Wilson models were used to establish a correlation with the experimental solubility of BBA. The correlation analysis revealed a strong concordance between the experimental and estimated values. Furthermore, the solubility characteristics of BBA were further examined by utilizing Hansen’s solubility parameter. The results revealed that the dissolution of BBA in solvents is a multifaceted process, influenced by various parameters rather than solution polarity and HSP. The thermodynamic properties of the mixture of BBA in 12 pure solvents were also evaluated based on the measured solubility data and the parameter values of the Wilson model.","PeriodicalId":42,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","volume":"69 11","pages":"4186–4196 4186–4196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fluorinated Liquids: High-Pressure Phase Equilibrium with Carbon Dioxide 含氟液体：与二氧化碳的高压相平衡

IF 2 3区工程技术

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.4c0034910.1021/acs.jced.4c00349

Zibusiso Lubimbi, Wayne Michael Nelson*, Paramespri Naidoo and Deresh Ramjugernath,

引用次数: 0

Solubility of Bis(salicylidene)-trans-1,2-cyclo-hexanediamine: Determination, Modeling, and Simulation Study 双（水杨醛）-反式-1,2-环己二胺的溶解度：测定、建模和模拟研究

IF 2 3区工程技术

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.4c0038410.1021/acs.jced.4c00384

Congjian Ni, Xiaoli Ma*, Ziyuan Pang and Zhi Yang*,

{"title":"Solubility of Bis(salicylidene)-trans-1,2-cyclo-hexanediamine: Determination, Modeling, and Simulation Study","authors":"Congjian Ni, Xiaoli Ma*, Ziyuan Pang and Zhi Yang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jced.4c0038410.1021/acs.jced.4c00384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00384https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00384","url":null,"abstract":"The solubility of bis(salicylidene)-trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine (compound 1) in 12 pure solvents was determined by gravimetric analysis in the temperature range of 273.15 to 313.15 K. 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and high-resolution mass spectrometry characterized the structure of compound 1. The melting point and fusion enthalpy of compound 1 were obtained by TG-DSC. The molecular electrostatic potential quantified the electrostatic potential energy of the surface. The intermolecular interaction of compound 1 was described by Hirshfeld surface analysis. The order of solubility was tetrahydrofuran > dichloromethane > 1,2-dichloroethane > toluene > acetone > ethyl acetate > methyl acetate > acetonitrile > 1-propanol > ethanol > n-hexane > methanol. The KAT-LSER model demonstrated the influence of various factors between solvents and the solute on the solubility. Moreover, seven thermodynamic models were used to correlate the solubility data. The NRTL model was determined to be the most appropriate by comparing the average relative deviation and the root mean squared deviation. The findings of this study substantially support the isolation and crystallization of such compounds.","PeriodicalId":42,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","volume":"69 11","pages":"4127–4137 4127–4137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbon Dioxide Hydrate Inhibition by Tetramethylammonium Chloride + Glycerol Deep Eutectic Solvent 四甲基氯化铵+甘油深度共晶溶剂对二氧化碳水合物的抑制作用

IF 2 3区工程技术

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.4c0004810.1021/acs.jced.4c00048

Themba Luyanda Ngcobo, Suresh Ramsuroop, Madison Lasich and Kaniki Tumba*,

{"title":"Carbon Dioxide Hydrate Inhibition by Tetramethylammonium Chloride + Glycerol Deep Eutectic Solvent","authors":"Themba Luyanda Ngcobo, Suresh Ramsuroop, Madison Lasich and Kaniki Tumba*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jced.4c0004810.1021/acs.jced.4c00048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00048https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00048","url":null,"abstract":"Gas hydrate formation is undesirable in flow assurance processes, as their formation can lead to the clogging of pipelines. Additives can be added to oil and gas streams to act as thermodynamic or kinetic inhibitors. Most currently utilized additives are either toxic or environmentally unfriendly. In a quest for more environmentally friendly alternatives, deep eutectic solvents (DES) were investigated in this study. Hydrate dissociation conditions for systems comprising water + carbon dioxide + tetramethylammonium chloride/glycerol were measured using the isochoric pressure search method. Temperatures ranging from 275 to 284 K and pressure ranging from 2 to 4 MPa were considered with deep eutectic solvent compositions from 10 to 20 wt %. The objective of this study was to analyze the efficiency of deep eutectic solvents as carbon dioxide gas hydrate inhibitors. The experimental data reported in this study indicated inhibitory effect,, depending on the concentration of the deep eutectic solvents used in this study. Experimental results are discussed in terms of the effect of the DES composition on the phase behavior under hydrate forming conditions. Data reported in this study can be used to develop thermodynamic models for DES containing systems, as well as to better understand the effect of the structure of deep eutectic solvents on gas hydrate formation.","PeriodicalId":42,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","volume":"69 11","pages":"4029–4037 4029–4037"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isobaric Specific Heat Capacity Measurement in the Trans-Critical Temperature Regions for Kerosene RP-3 under Pressures of 6–8 MPa 6-8 兆帕压力下煤油 RP-3 跨临界温度区域的等压比热容测量结果

IF 2 3区工程技术

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.4c0018110.1021/acs.jced.4c00181

Yanchen Fu, Xiaojia Gang, Haoxing Zhi, Yinlong Liu and Guoqiang Xu*,

引用次数: 0