{"title":"Solar photovoltaic energy: generation in the built environment","authors":"A. Bahaj","doi":"10.1680/CIEN.2005.158.6.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/CIEN.2005.158.6.45","url":null,"abstract":"Compared to other renewable energy technologies, modular solar photovoltaic technologies that convert sunlight into electricity and can generate power from watts to megawatts are more versatile and can be integrated within building envelopes.The cornerstone of the technology is the solar cell, which is manufactured from various semiconductor materials including silicon. Conversion efficiencies and costs have improved significantly in recent years and there are now many national schemes and energy targets promoting the use of photovoltaic technology in the built environment.This paper describes the current state of solar photovoltaic technology and the approaches being considered for using it to generate electricity within buildings.","PeriodicalId":429763,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Innovation","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114409399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Planning and implementing coastal management in Sri Lanka","authors":"S. Hettiárachchi, S. Samarawickrama","doi":"10.1680/jciei.2007.13940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jciei.2007.13940","url":null,"abstract":"Sri Lanka is one of the island states to have developed very early, and operated fully, a coastal management plan on a national scale. The Coast Conservation Department, by Act of Parliament, has full responsibility for the implementation of the plan. The plan is periodically revised to incorporate emerging challenges, current and projected development trends, in refining policies and guidelines. The paper presents a review of planning and implementation of the coastal zone management in Sri Lanka. It focuses on the approach to coastal zone management via regulation of development activities and environmental protection, second-generation and current initiatives, challenges and constraints. The paper concludes with the future outlook, focusing on the role of the Coast Conservation Department and the relevance of the use of integrated coastal zone management frameworks.","PeriodicalId":429763,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Innovation","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130201673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Instrumentation and early-age monitoring of concrete slabs","authors":"S. Austin, P. Robins, J. Bishop","doi":"10.1680/JCIEI.2007.13414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/JCIEI.2007.13414","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the instrumentation and monitoring techniques developed to improve understanding of the early-life behaviour of concrete industrial ground-floor slabs. Concrete strains, temperatures and joint movements were measured using vibrating-wire embedment strain gauges and thermistors, while ambient conditions were monitored to assess their effects. A reliable, accurate and easy-to-implement methodology, developed by instrumenting four types of floor slab (mesh-reinforced long strip, mesh-reinforced jointed large area pour, steel fibre-reinforced jointed large area pour and steel fibre-reinforced jointless large area pour) is described in detail, along with the further developments and modifications to the instrumentation. The methodology developed would be equally applicable to the early-life monitoring of other concrete structural elements. Some sample results of data gathered using the instrumentation methodology developed are included.","PeriodicalId":429763,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Innovation","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125677767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New household waste recycling centre in Blackpool, UK","authors":"Lee Cunningham, A. Conroy","doi":"10.1680/jciei.2007.14122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jciei.2007.14122","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the design and construction of Blackpool Council’s new household waste recycling centre. The scheme demonstrates the incorporation of sustainability considerations through design, construction and commissioning. Seeking to reduce the amount of household waste sent to landfill sites, the provision of a high-quality facility for recycling will encourage increased sustainability awareness and participation within the community. As a means of delivering a quality scheme, the challenge of ensuring high durability in combination with aesthetic and environmental enhancement has been met with innovation. Use of polymer fibre reinforcement in the heavy-duty apron slabs provides high durability under aggressive service loads. Elsewhere, incorporation of subsurface skips facilitates spatial optimisation and allows significant noise attenuation with minimal visual impact. Where possible, materials won from the demolition of existing time-expired structures were incorporated in the new scheme or d...","PeriodicalId":429763,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Innovation","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131733863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Briefing: Making tomorrow a better place","authors":"Q. Leiper","doi":"10.1680/JCIEI.2008.148119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/JCIEI.2008.148119","url":null,"abstract":"This is an extract on the subject of ‘sustainability’ from the inaugural address by Quentin Leiper, who became 142nd president of the Institution of Civil Engineers on 7 November 2006.","PeriodicalId":429763,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Innovation","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131904732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intelligent travel: planning for the revolution","authors":"W. Stewart","doi":"10.1680/CIEN.2007.160.1.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/CIEN.2007.160.1.39","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the 50-year view by the UK Government's Foresight programme of the future of intelligent transport infrastructure, its implications and its social context. By 2055, it is envisaged that intelligence and pervasive information will be built in to everyday life, encompassing needs to communicate and travel. People will better understand the resource implications as well as the direct costs of their lifestyles—and perhaps they will actually travel less. However, given the slow speed at which infrastructure systems adapt, the research concluded that civil engineers need to start planning now for the inevitable travel revolution. The paper is based on the author's 2006 Unwin lecture, delivered to the Institution of Civil Engineers and Institution of Mechanical Engineers on 6 April 2006, prepared with Phil Blythe of Newcastle University.","PeriodicalId":429763,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Innovation","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126541998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A risk-based decision-support system for bridge management","authors":"K. D. Flaig, R. Lark","doi":"10.1680/BREN.2005.158.3.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/BREN.2005.158.3.101","url":null,"abstract":"Based on a study of those actively involved in bridge management this paper presents a novel framework for an advanced bridge management system. The framework has a modular format and includes components for dealing with inspection, data collection and storage, deterioration modelling, structural assessment, economic appraisal of maintenance, repair and rehabilitation (MR&R) actions through whole-life costing, work programme optimisation methodologies and a number of reporting facilities. Of primary importance to the bridge management process is the assessment of structural adequacy. If assessments are unduly conservative, structures will be unnecessarily restricted or strengthened, whereas if the rules are lax, some structures may be left in service without having an appropriate margin of safety against failure. To address this issue a procedure for a reliability-based assessment approach is presented and it is shown how such an approach, when part of the above system, can provide bridge managers with an...","PeriodicalId":429763,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Innovation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115626100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gateshead Millennium Bridge, UK: fabrication, assembly and erection","authors":"K. Butterworth, D. Carr, P. Kassabian","doi":"10.1680/BREN.2003.156.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/BREN.2003.156.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"On 20 November 2000 the Gateshead Millennium Bridge was lifted into place, in one, over the UK's River Tyne. The spectacular nature of the bridge design—the world's first vertically rotating bridge—and the audacity of the erection scheme attracted large crowds and significant publicity. The bridge currently takes its place as part of the regeneration of the Gateshead Quayside. This paper describes the fabrication and erection of the bridge structure by Watson Steel.","PeriodicalId":429763,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Innovation","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116531625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GPS measurements on the London Millennium Bridge","authors":"G. Roberts, Xiaolin Meng, C. Brown, P. Dallard","doi":"10.1680/BREN.2006.159.4.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/BREN.2006.159.4.153","url":null,"abstract":"Trials conducted on the London Millennium Footbridge in 2000 monitored movements using three GPS receivers. After initial processing, the results gave plausible vertical and lateral (sideways) displacements, but also described implausible longitudinal movements along the axis of the bridge. Digital signal processing techniques applied to the data are reported. Due to the satellite constellation in the UK, a large void exists from the zenith to the horizon in a northerly direction. This lack of GPS satellites results in poor satellite geometry in the north-south direction, and hence poor north-south precision, explaining the unsatisfactory element of the Millennium Bridge results. More importantly a technique to overcome the issues is described. Notwithstanding this, the lateral vibration frequencies obtained from the GPS data agree extremely well with those found in the modal surveys carried out by Arup, even when displacement amplitudes are small.","PeriodicalId":429763,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Innovation","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134135508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Static equilibrium bays in coast protection","authors":"S. Herrington, Bin Li, S. Brooks","doi":"10.1680/jciei.2009.3.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jciei.2009.3.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the 2004 Hythe to Folkestone Harbour coast protection scheme, two static equilibrium bays were formed using rock headland structures and shingle imported as part of the beach renourishment phase of the scheme. The development of this element of the scheme and the appraisal process that led to these bay forms being chosen as the most appropriate form of coast protection are discussed. The performance of the bays has been continually monitored since their construction and the measured plan-shape of each bay has been compared with the theoretical predictions. This has shown that there is good agreement between the crenular plan forms predicted by the mathematical models and the theoretical methods, which are founded on the log-spiral curve that has been shown to represent the crenular plan form of naturally formed bays. Observations based on the survey data collected over the 20 months since the completion of the scheme have shown that the measured plan form is in relatively good agreement with th...","PeriodicalId":429763,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Innovation","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121065348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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