Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics Journal最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic Activity of Cressa cretica Extract Combination with Ampicillin against Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Z. Bameri, Mehdi Fattahi-Bafghie, R. Zareshahi, M. Zabihi","doi":"10.18502/aptj.v3i2.13458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/aptj.v3i2.13458","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study was conducted to evaluate the synergistic effect of ethanolic extract of Cressa cretica and ampicillin against the standard and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. \u0000Method: The chemical composition of the ethanolic extract of C. cretica was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was used to evaluate the antimicrobial performance of the extract. The checkboard broth method was used to investigate the synergistic effect of the extract with ampicillin. \u0000Results: The ethanolic extract of C. cretica inhibited the growth of the standard strain of K. pneumoniae with MIC 100 mg/mL and did not affect the MDR strains of K. pneumoniae. The Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) showed an additive effect of ampicillin in combination with C. cretica on the standard strain of K. pneumoniae. The MIC of ampicillin in combination with C. cretica was reduced eightfold. \u0000Conclusion: C. cretica ethanolic extract is containing chlorogenic acid, rutin, and catechin. The extract in combination with ampicillin can reduce the minimum inhibitory concentration of ampicillin. C. cretica ethanolic extract can reduce the ampicillin dosage in the treatment of Klebsiella-induced infections.","PeriodicalId":429094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics Journal","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131782038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Combined Effect of Donepezil and Lovastatin on the Electrical Activity of Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"A. Eskandary, A. Moazedi","doi":"10.18502/aptj.v3i2.13461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/aptj.v3i2.13461","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Donepezil, a noncompetitive acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, is prescribed to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease but it only has moderate performance. Therefore, combination therapies are more effective. There is much evidence suggesting that statins have neuroprotective effects on neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease. The present study aimed to investigate the combined effects of Donepezil and Lovastatin on the activity of the pyramidal neurons of the CA1 hippocampus. \u0000Methods: In the present experiment study, adult male rats were divided into 3 groups: Nucleus Basalis Magnocellularis (NBM) lesion (which received electrically- induced lesion (0.5 mA, 3s) in NBM) group, NBM lesion + injection Donepezil 5mg/kg-Lovastatin 10mg/kg, NBM lesion+ injection Donepezil 15mg/kg-Lovastatin 30mg/kg. Spontaneous activity of pyramidal neurons in CA1 region to injection of Donepezil-Lovastatin was investigated in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. \u0000Results: The results of this study showed that electrical lesion of NBM leads to a decrease in the activity frequency of pyramidal neurons in the CA1 region. Administration of Donepezil 5mg/kg-Lovastatin 10mg/kg increased the frequency of pyramidal neurons in rat model of Alzheimer's disease. \u0000Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that co-administration of Donepezil-Lovastatin (low doses) increases the activity of the CA1 pyramidal neurons in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease.","PeriodicalId":429094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130367546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Approach to the Investigation of Therapeutic Efficiency of Novel Carum copticum Nanoparticles against Leishmania major Promastigotes","authors":"A. F. Bafghi, M. Mozayan, Zahra Esmailei, H. Emtiazi, M. Moghateli","doi":"10.18502/aptj.v3i2.13459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/aptj.v3i2.13459","url":null,"abstract":"Current therapies for Leishmaniasis are associated with several side effects as well as drug resistance. Sensitivity and resistance of Leishmania major to Glutamine are referred to as those isolates which are responsive or non-responsive to one or two full courses of treatment by Glucantime systematically and/or intra-lesionally, respectively. In this study, We assessed a new approach to the investigation of the therapeutic efficiency of novel Carum copticum Nanoparticles against Leishmania major Promastigotes. First, the Carum copticum Nanoparticles were synthesized and liposomal Carum copticum was applied as a new therapeutic approach substituted for current therapy. In this experimental study, liposomal Carum copticum was prepared using the thin film hydration method and characterized based on encapsulation efficiency, size, and zeta potential. Carum copticum was successfully loaded into the liposome. The surface charge of the nanoparticle was neutral and the size of the nanoparticle was 176.5 nm. Liposomal Carum copticum beared spherical shape without any agglomeration. Results revealed that liposomal Carum copticum carried a significant effect, compared to the control sample, on parasite growth in both logarithmic and stationary phases. The result of this study signifies that the Carum copticum Nanoparticles induces a better and more tangible effect on the survival of Leishmania major promastigotes.","PeriodicalId":429094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114684529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Main Molecular Factors and Pathways in the Anti-cancer Act of Crocin","authors":"Marzieh Lotfi, S. Shahcheraghi","doi":"10.18502/aptj.v3i2.13460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/aptj.v3i2.13460","url":null,"abstract":"One of the herbal materials with several anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics is crocin, an effective component derived from saffron, which can be applied to cure a range of diseases. It has been demonstrated that crocin has an important impact on controlling pathological situations such as inflammation, oxidative stress, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Notch, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and cyclic-AMP response element-connecting factor pathways may all be involved in crocin's neuroprotective properties. With its inhibitory effect on toll-like receptors, crocin also preserves the cardiovascular system. Treatment of metabolic problems may be performed by crocin's regulatory influence on the PI3K pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and peroxisome proliferator-stimulated receptor pathways. This letter has investigated effective molecular factors in the anticancer act of crocin.","PeriodicalId":429094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121575050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Effect of Gabapentin in the Management of Uremic Pruritus in Hemodialysis Patients","authors":"J. Azmandian, Mosayyeb Kouhkan, S. Sohrevardi","doi":"10.18502/aptj.v3i2.13462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/aptj.v3i2.13462","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gabapentin is an antiepileptic agent that has analgesic properties in neuropathic pain. Given that few studies have assessed the effect of the low dose of gabapentin on uremic pruritus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of gabapentin on pruritus of hemodialysis patients. \u0000Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on dialysis patients who were referred to Shafa Hospital, Kerman. In this regard, 40 patients consumed 100 mg of gabapentin for one week. Then patients did not take any medication within the washout period and consumed a 100 mg placebo for one week. Assessment of pruritus severity was done by visual analog scale (VAS). Hematocrit, calcium, phosphor, creatinine, and albumin were evaluated. These measurements were done before and after treatments with placebo and gabapentin. \u0000Results: The main places of pruritus location in dialysis patients were the back (90 %), abdomen (80%), shoulder (80%), and head (70%). The mean pruritus severity before treatment, and after treatment with placebo and gabapentin, was 8.3± 1.5, 6.73 ± 1.17, and 4.58 ± 1.50, respectively. Significant difference was seen before and after treatment, in terms of pruritus severity (p<0.1). In addition, there was a significant difference between gabapentin and placebo groups, regarding the severity of pruritus (p<0.1). No significant difference was seen before and after treatment, regarding biochemical parameters (p>0.05). \u0000Conclusion: According to the findings, it seems that gabapentin can be an effective and safe treatment for pruritus in patients on hemodialysis. The therapeutic approach chosen for these patients is based on the neuropathic hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":429094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics Journal","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122425989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-emptive Effects of Preoperative Diclofenac Suppository on Pain Management in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: a Case-Control Study","authors":"Aiiub Asheghvatan, Zahra Ahmadi, F. Kakaei, M. Khodayari, Mojtaba Zn785iaee, Allahverdi Arjmand","doi":"10.18502/aptj.v3i1.12486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/aptj.v3i1.12486","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy is common in abdominal surgeries. Opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used in the management of postoperative pain. The current clinical study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of a preemptive diclofenac suppository for the alleviation of post-surgery pain and opioid consumption in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. \u0000Methods: A total of eighty patients aged 18 to 65 who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Sina Hospital of Maragheh University of Medical Sciences were included in this prospective, matched case-control study and were randomly allocated to two groups of 40 each. Subjects received 100 mg diclofenac suppository or placebo within 2 h before surgery. The pain score and analgesic consumption data were recorded up to 24 h postoperatively. An Independent t-test was utilized for the analysis of results. \u0000Results: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores in the diclofenac group were statistically lower at 2, 4, 8, and 12 hours compared to the placebo-controlled group. Opioid consumption was statistically significantly reduced in the treatment group compared to the control group (20.0 ± 3.48 vs 54.7 ± 3.63 ml, respectively. Rescue analgesia usage was significantly higher in the control group. Half of the patients in the diclofenac group did not need any opioid drug. Besides, postoperative side effects and hospital staying duration were decreased in the diclofenac group in comparison to the control group. \u0000Conclusion: Current study demonstrates that preemptive diclofenac 100 mg administration could be taken into consideration to alleviate postoperative pain and is a valuable addition to the standard treatment following cholecystectomy pain management.","PeriodicalId":429094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122186890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scopolamine Induced Non-cognitive Effects in the Radial-arm maze: Alleviation by Physostigmine","authors":"G. Poorheidari, Mahdi Mashhadi Akbar Boojar","doi":"10.18502/aptj.v3i1.12487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/aptj.v3i1.12487","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Scopolamine has frequently been reported to induce a “memory deficit” in animals and humans. However, the possible role of the non-cognitive effects of the drug in these impairments is often ignored. In the present study, the effects of scopolamine on various behaviors in the radial arm maze were recorded and the ability of physostigmine to reverse them was examined. \u0000Methods: Male Long-Evans hooded rats were trained on an 8-arm radial maze to consume drops of 0.1 ml of sweetened milk from the end of each arm. Once the asymptomatic performance was achieved, the effects of scopolamine (0.25 mg/kg i.p. 20 min before testing) on(1) the number of errors (re-entries into the arms), (2) the number of rewards drops not consumed, and (3) agitation were examined. \u0000Results: The number of errors, the number of drops left, and agitation scores were increased significantly compared to saline-treated rats. Concomitant administration of scopolamine and physostigmine (0.25 i.p. 15 min before testing) significantly reduced the agitation scores and revealed a trend toward a decrease in the number of drops left compared to scop-treated rats. However, in this experiment, scopolamine did not significantly increase the number of errors compared to the saline-treated rats. \u0000Conclusion: Taken together, scopolamine induced a small but inconsistent increase in the number of errors. In contrast, there were significant effects of scopolamine on agitation and milk consumption in both experiments. These non-cognitive effects of scopolamine (which were attenuated by physostigmine) may indirectly lead to an increase in errors.","PeriodicalId":429094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116408130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persian Medicine for the Treatment of Severe COVID-19: a Case Report","authors":"Razieh Nabimeybodi, Fatemeh Hosseini-Araghi, M. Kamalinejad, Zohreh Akhoundi Meybodi, Naeeme Nabimeybodi, R. Zareshahi, H. Mirhosseini, Mohammad Moein Derakhshan barjoei","doi":"10.18502/aptj.v3i1.12488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/aptj.v3i1.12488","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 treatment is still essential especially manage patients suffering from severe conditions. Many pharmaceutical drugs like Hydroxychloroquine, Oseltamivir, and others were introduced for curing these patients, but further, than their efficacy, some side effects might be seen. Some patients might not respond to these drugs, and their condition did not heal. This study described a 78-year-old man who suffered from severe COVID-19. His first complication in the first two days was progressive persistent dry cough and Sore throat, and on the third-day fever, chills, weakness, lethargy, and severe loss of appetite. He did not properly respond to chemical drugs, and his condition did not get better. improving the condition Finally, he was treated with Persian Medicine (Iranian traditional medicine; ITM) prescription. The advice of the Persian Medicine (PM) specialist was to contain pomegranate paste, almonds, wheat semolina soup, cooked quince, and pineapple. After two weeks and a month of follow-up, he did not show any complications. According to the data from the treatment period and changing the patient's signs and symptoms, the probable potency of PM for treating COVID-19 alone or as a supplementary prescription could be concluded. Based on the review of the literatures about the efficacy of various traditional medicine, it could be concluded that further studies are necessary to prove the efficacy of PM for COVID-19 and other viral infections. Also, the importance of patient follow-up and frequent visits should be observing patients' condition to control and revise the advice.","PeriodicalId":429094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130959909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Thymol Nanoliposome and Solid Lipid Nanoparticle and Evaluation of their Inhibitory Effects on Leishmania Major Promastigotes","authors":"M. Zabihi, Mahdiyeh Shafaei, V. Ramezani, Tahereh Dara, Farzaneh Mirzaie","doi":"10.18502/aptj.v3i1.12501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/aptj.v3i1.12501","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Thymol has an antiprotozoal effect. Nanoparticulate systems are useful carriers for both small and large drug molecules, which can protect them from some chemical and biological damages as well as target drug delivery to specific organs or receptors. In this work, the nano-liposomal system and solid lipid nanoparticles loaded by thymol were prepared and the effectiveness of them were evaluated on Leishmania major promastigotes. \u0000Methods: Several formulations of nano-liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared, and the amount of thymol loading, in-vitro release profile, particle size, and zeta potential were evaluated. Finally, the best formulations were serially diluted and incubated for 24, 48, and 72 hours on Leishmania major promastigotes, which cultured on Novy–MacNeal–Nicolle medium, and the results were analyzed. \u0000Results: The highest loading of thymol in nano-liposomes (92%) was seen in the formulations made with phosphatidylcholine (Called L3), and among the solid lipid nanoparticles, the formulation prepared with glycerol monostearate (S1) had the most entrapment efficiency of thymol (87%). These formulations were selected to evaluate the release rate of thymol. The results showed that S1 has a slower release rate than L3; this may be due to the presence of Glycerol monostearate in solid lipid nanoparticles structure. The best formulations, L3 and S1, were chosen for anti-Leishmaniosis assessment; which showed that all three forms of free thymol, nanoliposomes, and solid lipid nanoparticles inhibited Leishmania major. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of free thymol, nanoliposome, and solid lipid nanoparticles for a 24-hour incubation are 7.8, 62.5, and 125, respectively, which decrease to 7.8, 7.8, and 15.6 for 48 hours and 7.8, 0.49, and 0 for 72 hours of incubation. \u0000Conclusion: Thymol has a significant effect on the inhibition of Leishmania major promastigotes and usage of thymol in the form of liposomes or solid lipid nanoparticles can sustain the drug release and have a lower IC50 during the longer incubation time.","PeriodicalId":429094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123208607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Almond Oil-based Violet Flower Extract: General Characteristics of Violet-Almond Oil","authors":"F. Alijaniha, F. Emadi, M. Kamalinejad, M. Naseri, Zahra Bahaedin","doi":"10.18502/aptj.v3i1.12489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/aptj.v3i1.12489","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Violet-almond oil (VAO) as a widely used remedy with various healing properties in traditional Persian Medicine (PM), suffers from a lack of standardization parameters. This study intended to determine some physicochemical and phytochemical characteristics of VAO. \u0000Methods: Organoleptic properties (including color, smell, turbidity, appearance, and viscosity) were determined by sensory evaluation. Specific gravity, refractive index, acid value, saponification value, fatty acid profile, and amino acid profile were determined by appropriate methods. The total phenolic content and microbial load also were measured. \u0000Results: It was characterized as a light yellow and thin oil with a mild odor, density of 0.91 g/ml, a refractive index of 1.470, acidity index of 1.66, and saponification value of 189.61. Total phenol and flavonoid contents based on Gallic acid and Routine were 0.014 and 0.048 mg/ml, respectively. Its main fatty acids were linoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid. Glutamine and ornithine were the most abundant amino acids, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: The general characteristics obtained may provide preliminary data for the standardization of this valuable traditional remedy.","PeriodicalId":429094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129696472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}