Yu Ishimaki, Shameek Bhattacharjee, H. Yamana, Sajal K. Das
{"title":"Towards Privacy-preserving Anomaly-based Attack Detection against Data Falsification in Smart Grid","authors":"Yu Ishimaki, Shameek Bhattacharjee, H. Yamana, Sajal K. Das","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9303009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9303009","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a novel framework for privacy-preserving anomaly-based data falsification attack detection in a smart grid advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). Specifically, we propose an anomaly detection framework over homomorphically encrypted data. Unlike existing privacy-preserving anomaly detectors, our framework detects the presence of not only energy theft (i.e., deductive attack), but also more advanced data integrity attacks (i.e., additive and camouflage attacks) over encrypted data without diminishing detection sensitivity. We optimize the anomaly detection procedure such that potentially expensive operations over homomorphically encrypted space are avoided. Moreover, we optimize the encryption method designed for a resource constrained device such as smart meters, and the time to complete encryption gets 40x faster over the naïve adoption of the encryption method. We also validate the proposed framework using a real dataset from smart metering infrastructures, and demonstrate that the data integrity attacks can be detected with high sensitivity, without sacrificing user privacy. Experimental results with a real dataset of 200 houses from an AMI in Texas showed that the detection sensitivity of the plaintext algorithm is not degraded due to the use of homomorphic encryption.","PeriodicalId":428461,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125805310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Communication and Computation Resource Allocation and Offloading for Edge Intelligence Enabled Fault Detection System in Smart Grid","authors":"Qiyue Li, Yuxing Deng, Wei Sun, Weitao Li","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302930","url":null,"abstract":"Smart grids have various capabilities to meet the electricity demands of modern society in production and life, and real-time monitoring of smart grids is critical to enhance the reliability and operational efficiency of power utilities. With the development of artificial intelligence technology and cloud computing, several studies have proposed using the powerful computing ability of clouds to design fault detection systems based on deep learning. However, due to the transmission delay in the Internet backbone and the large amount of data uploaded to the system, various problems arise such as a large bandwidth load and poor real-time feedback from the cloud platform. To solve these problems, it is necessary to embed the artificial intelligence technology at the edge of a network to realize a de-centralized system. In this paper, we propose an edge computing assisted smart grid fault detection system that uses an embedded lightweight neural network device, which is placed near the edge of the monitored equipment to realize real-time monitoring. In addition, considering the limited communication resources, relatively low computation capabilities, and different monitoring accuracies of edge devices, we design an optimal allocation method for communication and computation resources, which can maximize the throughput of the system, and improve the resource utilization of the system while meeting the requirements of data transmission and delay processing. Finally, simulation experiments are carried out to show that compared with other structures of smart grid fault detection systems, our proposed system can transmit more data while meeting the requirements of the delay bound, reduce the time required for transmission, and enhance the real-time performance of smart grid fault detection systems.","PeriodicalId":428461,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129384258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shutang You, Yinfeng Zhao, Mirka Mandich, Yi Cui, Hongyu Li, Huangqing Xiao, Summer Fabus, Yu Su, Yilu Liu, Haoyu Yuan, Huaiguang Jiang, Jin Tan, Y. Zhang
{"title":"A Review on Artificial Intelligence for Grid Stability Assessment","authors":"Shutang You, Yinfeng Zhao, Mirka Mandich, Yi Cui, Hongyu Li, Huangqing Xiao, Summer Fabus, Yu Su, Yilu Liu, Haoyu Yuan, Huaiguang Jiang, Jin Tan, Y. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302990","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence provides a convenient route for power grid stability assessment. Compared with simulation-based approaches, artificial intelligence can potentially save time on model development and numerical computation in stability assessment. This paper first reviewed existing literature on using artificial intelligence for power grid stability assessment. Then a machine-leaning-based tool is presented and developed to assess power grid transient stability, frequency stability, and small signals stability. Test results verified the accuracy and effectiveness of the AI tool for power grid stability assessment.","PeriodicalId":428461,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"351 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122339160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joint Capacity Modeling for Electric Vehicles in V2I-enabled Wireless Charging Highways","authors":"Dimitrios Sikeridis, M. Devetsikiotis","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302993","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Charging Highways (WCHs) have been introduced by industry and academia to enable charging-while-driving for electric vehicles (EVs) and to combat range anxiety. While detailed planning and performance evaluation of such systems are crucial due to high cost and long life expectancy, most existing works assume a perfect communication environment. In this paper, we introduce a joint capacity model that takes into account both power and communication resources for WCH construction planning, and optimal day-to-day operation. The vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication and grid power capacities, along with the EV’s average service rate are formulated following technology requirements, EV speed-density characteristics, and the EV’s energy needs and consumption. In addition, a two-dimension Markov chain-based model is designed to capture the WCH power and connectivity dynamics. The proposed model can be used to calculate the system’s Quality of Service (QoS) and profit, provide design insights, and assess the impact of speed regulation, or admission control on the WCH lane. Finally, the performance of the proposed model is evaluated using real US highway data with the results demonstrating its ability to accurately capture the service provision dynamics, and to identify trade-offs between system parameters.","PeriodicalId":428461,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"1131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114158025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Double Auction Mechanism Design for Electricity Market","authors":"Jiaman Wu, Chenye Wu","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302995","url":null,"abstract":"The electricity market, due to its complex under-lying physical constraints, suffers from market manipulation. Most existing markets employ the double auction to organize the markets: the independent system operator collects the bidding information from both the supply sides and solves the Walrasian equilibrium to conduct dispatch. Market manipulation arises when market players strategically bid their information. Hence to contain the manipulation, one promising solution is to design the double auction mechanism to induce truthful bidding. In this work, we customize four double auction mechanisms (Walrasian equilibrium Mechanism, VCG mechanism, MUDA (Lottery) mechanism, and MUDA (VCG) mechanism) for the electricity market. After proposing key metrics to evaluate the performance of various mechanisms, we conduct extensive numerical studies based on the real market data for a thorough comparison between the four mechanisms and identify the unique features for each mechanism. This could serve as the theoretical guidance for the double auction mechanism design for the electricity market.","PeriodicalId":428461,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"56 46","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120888918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Making Renewable Energy Certificates Efficient, Trustworthy, and Anonymous","authors":"Dimcho Karakashev, S. Gorbunov, S. Keshav","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302967","url":null,"abstract":"Although renewable energy costs are declining rapidly, producers still rely on additional incentives, such as Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs), when making an investment decision. An REC is a proof that a certain amount of energy was generated from a renewable resource. It can be traded for cash in an REC market. Unfortunately, existing mechanisms to ensure that RECs are trustworthy—not fraudulently generated and from a universally-agreed renewable energy source—require periodic audits of the generation plant, which adds costly administrative overheads and locks out small producers. Although prior work has attempted to address these issues, existing solutions lack privacy and are vulnerable to tampering. In this work, we design, implement, and evaluate a system that is efficient, trustworthy, and anonymous, thus opening the REC market to small-scale energy producers. Our implementation is based on the commercially-available Azure Sphere micro-controller unit and the Algorand public blockchain.","PeriodicalId":428461,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122631244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automatically Locating Mitigation Information for Security Vulnerabilities","authors":"Kylie McClanahan, Qinghua Li","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9303019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9303019","url":null,"abstract":"Software vulnerabilities pose significant security risks to systems. Usually patching can fix vulnerabilities, but patches are not always available, and in many cases patching is not preferred due to high overhead and potential service interruptions which is especially true for the electric industry. Then, other mitigation strategies are needed to mitigate security vulnerabilities. Information about mitigation strategies can be difficult to find and is typically only reported on vendor or third-party websites. In the current practice, such information is manually located by security operators, which induces high delays and operation cost. We consider this problem within the electric industry, which has particular importance and challenges because of its regulatory requirements. We propose that providing electric utilities with automatically-located mitigation information will help them overcome the time burden and mitigate vulnerabilities more timely. In particular, we develop three methods for automatically retrieving mitigation information from vendor or third-party websites. Experiment results show high performance with all the three methods.","PeriodicalId":428461,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133985164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Onat Güngör, J. Garnier, T. Simunic, Baris Aksanli
{"title":"LENARD: Lightweight ENsemble LeARner for MeDium-term Electricity Consumption Prediction","authors":"Onat Güngör, J. Garnier, T. Simunic, Baris Aksanli","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9303012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9303012","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we propose a lightweight ensemble learner for individual house level electricity consumption prediction. We first implement five different prediction algorithms: ARIMA, Holt-Winters, TESLA, LSTM and Persistence. Among single prediction algorithms, LSTM performs best with 0.0195 MSE value on average. Then, we combine these predictions using neural network based ensemble learner which improves performance of best algorithm (LSTM) on average by 72.84% and by up to 99.13%. Finally, we apply pruning to the weights of our ensemble network to decrease the computational cost of our model. Applying pruning leads to 10.9% less error and 27% fewer number of parameters. We show that our pruned ensemble learner outperforms state-of-the-art ensemble methods.","PeriodicalId":428461,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115181076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Smart Grid Operation and Control Enhancement by Edge Computing","authors":"Y. Liao, Jiangbiao He","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302998","url":null,"abstract":"The national electric power grid is being transformed into a smart grid through deploying a huge number of distributed sensors across the network, a two-way communication system, intelligent control and optimization algorithms, and advanced hardware components. An increasing volume of data are collected by the sensing system, and transfer of these data to a central location for centralized processing poses burden to the communication system and the central computing system. Edge computing, a distributed computing paradigm, processes data and makes proper decisions locally, stores data locally and provides selected, processed data to a higher level, and thus may significantly relieve communication burden and reduce response time of certain control applications. This paper explores possible applications of edge computing to enhance distributed optimization and control of smart grid, including power system asset management, distributed charging scheme and microgrid protection.","PeriodicalId":428461,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122903762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Si-Wu Liu, Chenxiao Xu, Y. Liu, D. Katramatos, Shinjae Yoo
{"title":"Electricity Load Forecasting with Collective Echo State Networks","authors":"Si-Wu Liu, Chenxiao Xu, Y. Liu, D. Katramatos, Shinjae Yoo","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm47815.2020.9302985","url":null,"abstract":"Short-term load forecasting (STLF) is one of the most important tasks in power grid systems. Despite thorough research of STLF on community scales, predicting individual power consumption remains challenging. With the deployment of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) technology, it is more convenient to access and operate load usage data on an individual scale. This work first investigates a novel deep learning method, Collective Long Short-term Memory (LSTM), which can fully utilize correlated meter information from AMI. Then, Collective Echo State Networks (ESN) are proposed as a simplified form of Collective LSTM using the reservoir method. Experimental results show that Collective ESN can achieve state-of-the-art prediction accuracy with extremely fast speed and fewer computational resources.","PeriodicalId":428461,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132764751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}