Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia最新文献

Transportation of Animal: Process, Challange and the Effect on Small Ruminant 动物运输:过程、挑战及对小反刍动物的影响

IF 0.3

Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2512

Arie Febre Trisiana, A. Destomo, F. Mahmilia

{"title":"Transportation of Animal: Process, Challange and the Effect on Small Ruminant","authors":"Arie Febre Trisiana, A. Destomo, F. Mahmilia","doi":"10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2512","url":null,"abstract":"Livestock transportation is carried out to fullfill the need for consumption as well as for raising the livestock in other areas. The regulation of livestock transportation are not well implemented, and far from the ideal way of livestock transportation, such as the aspects of animal welfare. This paper aims is to describe the transportation process, challenge and its effects on small ruminants. The process of transporting livestock is carried out by preparing thye animal that are going to be transported, and the means of transportation used. Travel distance and road infrastructure conditions provide an affordable connection for the transportation of livestock. Long distances and poor infrastructure conditions can cause stresproblems to livestock transportation. Livestock becomes stres and cortisol levels increased in the blood and physiological responses were affected due to transportation. The Goat Research Institute designed a cage in a truck to transport goats and logistical needs during the trip by land and sea routes and has been used in the distribution of goats. The journey took 1 to 16 days with average goat mortality rate was about 0.3%. Severe impacts during the trip can be overcome by transporting goats with attention to the transportation system and to ensure the welfare of animals during the trip.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43042061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Carrying Capacity for Ruminant Based on Plantation Byproducts and Potency of Enteric Methane Emission 基于人工林副产品和肠道甲烷排放效力的反刍动物承载力

IF 0.3

Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2723

G. E. Tresia, W. Puastuti, I. Inounu

{"title":"Carrying Capacity for Ruminant Based on Plantation Byproducts and Potency of Enteric Methane Emission","authors":"G. E. Tresia, W. Puastuti, I. Inounu","doi":"10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2723","url":null,"abstract":"Feed is one of the main pillars that need to be considered in optimizing production parameters in order to develop an efficient livestock business. Two aspects that need to be considered in order to make agricultural byproducts as a source of feed; those are the availability of raw materials for animal rations with high economic value and the function to reduce environmental pollution. Methane emissions are not only related to environmental problems, but also reflect the loss of some energy from livestock so that it cannot be used for the production process. The purpose of this paper is to review and estimate the carrying capacity for ruminant based on plantation by-products based feed and potential enteric methane emissions. The availability of feed from agricultural byproducts in Indonesia is estimated at 69.6 million tonnes of dry matter (DM), 34.8 million of total digestible nutrient (TDN), and 5 million tonnes of crude protein (CP)/year so it is estimated that it can accommodate 62.4 million livestock unit (LU) based on the DM availability or 39.1 million LU based on TDN availability or 51.6 million LU based on CP availability. From these calculations, it was found that the carrying capacity for ruminant in Indonesia could still be increased much greater than the current livestock population, namely 21.7-45 million livestock units if all byproducts are used entirely as components in rations. There are two groups of feed originating from plantation byproducts based on the potential for methane emissions produced, namely low (65-73 g CH4 / kg of material) and high (83-103 g CH4 / kg of material). Utilization of plantation byproducts as ruminant feed is expected to overcome the shortage of forage, especially during dry season. Utilization of these byproducts which in line with efforts to reduce methane emissions would enhance the development of livestock populations in friendly environment.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42057734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigation of Enteric Methane Emission through Feed Modification and Rumen Manipulation 通过饲料改良和瘤胃调节减少肠道甲烷排放

IF 0.3

Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2706

A. Herliatika, Y. Widiawati

{"title":"Mitigation of Enteric Methane Emission through Feed Modification and Rumen Manipulation","authors":"A. Herliatika, Y. Widiawati","doi":"10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2706","url":null,"abstract":"The major of gas emission in the livestock sector are in the form of methane produced by microbial activity in the rumen. The emission of methane cause global warming and is predicted to keep increasing. Feed modification and rumen manipulation are important ways that can be used to mitigate methane emission. Based on this condition, this paper aims to describe several ways to mitigate methane emission using feed and rumen modification for smallholder farmers. Feed modification can be done using high Non-Fiber Carbohydrate (NFC) content in feed and also using balance nutrient feed. Meanwhile, rumen modification can be done through inlcusion of feed additive, microbial products, and oils. Providing feed contains high NFC as much as 21.8-53%DM would decrease methane emission by 3.03-28.33%. While providing feed contains balance nutrients would potentially decrease 21.87% of methane emission. Feed additive addition as much as 0.0011-12%DM decreased 0.59-78% of methane emission. Bacterial inclusion as much as 0.7x10 8 – 3,6x10 11 CFU decreased 0- 18.57% of methane emission. Oil or fat inclusion as much as 6%DM decreased 6.02-24.53% of methane emission. A combination of methods can be used to optimize methane mitigation and it can be applicable for farmers to raise their livestock in friendly environment.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49062943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Myostatin Gene as a Genetic Marker for Growth and Carcass Traits in Beef Cattle 肌肉生长抑制素基因作为肉牛生长和胴体性状的遗传标记

IF 0.3

Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2530

P. W. Prihandini, D. Hariyono, Yuli Arif Tribudi

{"title":"Myostatin Gene as a Genetic Marker for Growth and Carcass Traits in Beef Cattle","authors":"P. W. Prihandini, D. Hariyono, Yuli Arif Tribudi","doi":"10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2530","url":null,"abstract":"Growth and carcass traits are of economic importances in livestock breeding, because they affect the profitability of animal production. The phenotypic expression of these traits is controlled by multiple genes (polygenes), such as myostatin (MSTN) gene. This paper aims to discuss the expression, polymorphism and potential application of MSTN gene as a marker-assisted selection (MAS) for growth and carcass traits in beef cattle based on data from published studies. MSTN gene or known as growth and differentiation factor 8 (GDF8) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, which acts as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass deposition. Several published studies showed that mutations in the MSTN gene can inhibit the activation of myostatin, which leads to an increased muscle mass (hypertrophy). Several MSTN gene polymorphisms were reported to be associated with growth and carcass traits in local cattle in several countries, including Indonesia, namely Bali cattle. Based on several assumptions: 1) there is MTSN gene polymorphisms in a population, 2) there is a significant association between MSTN gene polymorphisms and growth and carcass traits, as reported in several beef cattle populations and 3) those cattle with superior genotype have better growth performances, we expect that there will be improvement in growth performances in the future if those cattle are selected. Understanding MSTN gene polymorphisms would be useful to make strategies for the genetic improvement for growth and carcass traits of local cattle.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44050653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Role of Catechin Compounds and Its Derivates to Mitigate Methane Gas Production in the Rumen Fermentation 儿茶素及其衍生物在瘤胃发酵中抑制甲烷气体产生的作用

IF 0.3

Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2548

M. N. A. Am, Y. N. Anggraeny, E. Wina

{"title":"The Role of Catechin Compounds and Its Derivates to Mitigate Methane Gas Production in the Rumen Fermentation","authors":"M. N. A. Am, Y. N. Anggraeny, E. Wina","doi":"10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/WARTAZOA.V31I1.2548","url":null,"abstract":"Enteric fermentation and its corresponding to methane emissions take place in many wild and domestic ruminant species, such as deer, buffalo, cattle, goats, sheep. Ruminant animals are different from other animals in that they have a rumen, a large fore-stomach with a complex microbial environment. A resulting of this process is methane (CH4), which has a global warming potential (25 times that of carbon dioxide (CO2)). Because the digestion process is not 100% efficient, some of the energy intake is lost in the form of methane. Recently, natural plant products, such as tea leaves which are often inexpensive and environmentally safe have been introduced in methane mitigation strategies. Tea leaves have potential for use as an additives in ruminant diets. The adding of catechin 10-40 g/Kg DM were able to declined methane emission 7.4–13.5%. Furthermore, catechin could decrease the methane production. Catechin decreased CH4 production both in vitro and in vivo. Catechin causes direct inhibition of methanogens as well as may act as hydrogen sinks during degradation by rumen microbes via cleavage of ring structures and reductive dehydroxylation reactions. The objective of this paper is to review existing knowledge related to discuss how catechins can act as methane-lowering agents from rumen fermentation on ruminants.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47276161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Animal Welfare Ethics in Research and Testing: Implementation and its Barrier 研究与试验中的动物福利伦理：实施及其障碍

IF 0.3

Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v30i4.2529

S. Wahyuwardani, SM Noor, dan B Bakrie

{"title":"Animal Welfare Ethics in Research and Testing: Implementation and its Barrier","authors":"S. Wahyuwardani, SM Noor, dan B Bakrie","doi":"10.14334/wartazoa.v30i4.2529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v30i4.2529","url":null,"abstract":"Animals have an important role in research and testing to improve human and animal health. Animal usage must be balanced between science and ethical values of animal welfare. This paper discusses the role of IACUC, the implications of animal welfare for research, animal ethical clearance and obstacles in the implementation of animal welfare. Institution of Animal Care Use Committee (IACUC) has an important role to ensure that researcher has animal ethical clearance before conducting research and testing. Research and testing using animal should comply with ethical principles: respect, beneficiary and justice; 3Rs principles: Replacement, Reduction, Refinement and 5F/Freedom: freedom from hunger and thirst, heat and discomfort, pain, trauma and disease, fear and stress and expressing behavior naturally. The application of animal ethics clearance in Indonesia in research using animals is compulsary in various institutions, However thera are several barriers in its implementation, Those are: not all research institutions have IACUC, lack of awareness of researchers to apply for animal ethical clearance, reluctant to IACUC requirements, lack of facilities animals that meet animal welfare requirements and lack of competence in animal handling according to animal welfare.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44039452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Use of Essential Oils as Rumen Modifier in Dairy Cows 精油作为瘤胃改良剂在奶牛中的应用

IF 0.3

Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v30i4.2524

D. R. A. Daning, C. Hanim, B. Widyobroto, dan LM Yusiati

{"title":"The Use of Essential Oils as Rumen Modifier in Dairy Cows","authors":"D. R. A. Daning, C. Hanim, B. Widyobroto, dan LM Yusiati","doi":"10.14334/wartazoa.v30i4.2524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v30i4.2524","url":null,"abstract":"Feed efficiency is essential for dairy cows because it can increase production and quality of milk, and reduce methane emissions in the environment. One of the strategies on increasing feed efficiency is using rumen modifier. Essential oils have antimicrobial activities and have been used in rumen modifier in dairy cows. The aim of this paper is to review several studies on the utilization of essential oils as feed additive to enhance production and quality of milk of dairy cow. Based on some research reports, using essential oils which contained thymol, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol in dairy cattle feed decreased the population of protozoa, methanogens, proteolytic, and biohydrogenase bacteria. The impact of engineering of the rumen microbial population has led to optimal rumen fermentation resulted in the efficiency of carbohydrate, protein, and fat utilizations. It can be concluded that essential oils are potential as rumen modifier by inhibit methanogenesis, increase propionate, energy efficiency and ruminal by pass protein. The inconsistent results on milk production and milk fat requires further research to study deeper the effect of dosage and type of essential oils on dairy cows performance.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48652657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Mitigation of Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens with Heat Shock Protein 70 Gene Expression as its Indicator 以热休克蛋白70基因表达为指标缓解肉仔鸡热应激

IF 0.3

Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v30i4.2563

C. Hidayat, Komarudin, E. Wina

{"title":"Mitigation of Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens with Heat Shock Protein 70 Gene Expression as its Indicator","authors":"C. Hidayat, Komarudin, E. Wina","doi":"10.14334/wartazoa.v30i4.2563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v30i4.2563","url":null,"abstract":"Heat stress is an important issue in broiler chicken farms in tropical countries, such as Indonesia. Heat stress is very detrimental to broiler chickens because reducing production performance, health, and causing mortality. In the condition of heat stress, broilers synthesize Heat Shock Protein (HSP) quickly as the body's response to heat stress. HSP70 is the most studied HSP group related to heat stress. The objective of this study was to review the nutritional approach that has been done to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens with the HSP70 gene expression as its indicator. Based on some studies, nutritional approaches that can be taken are through the management of feed availability, supplementation of vitamin C, vitamin E, plant bioactives, amino acids (taurine and glutamine), probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, mannan oligossaccharides (MOS) and minerals (selenium, zinc, manganese, chromium). By these approaches, HSP70 gene expression decreased, indicating that the heat stress level of broiler chicken also reduced. It can be concluded that the nutritional approach can be used as a method for heat stress mitigation in broilers with the HSP70 gene expression indicator.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43923083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Strategy for Adaptation of Forage Crops to Climate Change 饲料作物适应气候变化的策略

IF 0.3

Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v30i4.2544

H. Harmini, A. Fanindi

引用次数: 0

Strategy and Policy on Dairy Cattle Development in Areas Outside Java Island in Supporting Domestic Fresh Milk Production 爪哇岛以外地区支持国内鲜奶生产的奶牛发展战略和政策

IF 0.3

Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia Pub Date : 2020-10-20 DOI: 10.14334/WARTAZOA.V30I3.2493

D. Priyanto, Dewi Rahmayuni

{"title":"Strategy and Policy on Dairy Cattle Development in Areas Outside Java Island in Supporting Domestic Fresh Milk Production","authors":"D. Priyanto, Dewi Rahmayuni","doi":"10.14334/WARTAZOA.V30I3.2493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/WARTAZOA.V30I3.2493","url":null,"abstract":"Production of domestic fresh milk has not yet meet the national milk demand, so high amount of milk is still imported (88.56%). The distribution of the dairy cattle population is still concentrated in Java Island (98.84%) which already has limited available land resources. The low productivity of dairy cow is due to the decline in the quality of breed, limited feed and capital. The business scale majority is still low, although its institutional aspect has been well established with the existence of cooperatives and the milk processing industry. This paper discusses the strategies and policies for developing dairy cows in areas outside Java which are appropriate from the upstream to the downstream aspects. The development of dairy cows in areas outside Java Island is still slow, even experiencing a population decline in the last 4 years by 66.21% compared to that in Java that has an increase of 22.09%. Barriers include weak human resource factors, lack of availability of feed (forages and concentrates), low milk productivity and quality, and the production market which is the main thing in dairy business has not been developed. There were many obstacles encountered when dairy cow development program in areas outside Java island was established. Therefore, it requires strategies and policies as well as steps that must be carried out on target. There are several things that need to be done, namely selecting the location, procuring the right breed, training the human resources (target breeders), planting forage and making concentrates, and the main thing is institutional development (upstream to downstream), especially institutions for milk production and marketing. Routine assistance by related agencies and other institutions is needed to ensure the sustainability of dairy farming outside Java.","PeriodicalId":42818,"journal":{"name":"Wartazoa-Buletin Ilmu Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44352453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2